Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections at a Provincial Reference Hospital, Cambodia

Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) disease is poorly documented in countries with high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB). We describe prevalence, risk factors, and TB program implications for NTM isolates and disease in Cambodia. A prospective cohort of 1,183 patients with presumptive TB...

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Published in:Emerging infectious diseases Vol. 23; no. 7; pp. 1139 - 1147
Main Authors: Bonnet, Maryline, San, Kim Chamroeun, Pho, Yati, Sok, Chandara, Dousset, Jean-Philippe, Brant, William, Hurtado, Northan, Eam, Khun Kim, Ardizzoni, Elisa, Heng, Seiha, Godreuil, Sylvain, Yew, Wing-Wai, Hewison, Cathy
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 01.07.2017
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Cambodia - epidemiology
Coinfection
Cross Infection
Emerging diseases
Female
Health aspects
HIV
HIV Infections
HIV patients
Human health and pathology
Humans
Infectious diseases
Life Sciences
limited-resource countries
Male
Middle Aged
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - diagnosis
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - epidemiology
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - microbiology
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous - therapy
nontuberculous mycobacteria
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria - isolation & purification
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections at a Provincial Reference Hospital, Cambodia
NTM
Population Surveillance
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Risk factors
Santé publique et épidémiologie
Tuberculosis
tuberculosis and other mycobacteria
Young Adult
Cambodia
France
Southeast Asia
Cambodia
bacteria
NTM
infectious diseases
limited-resource countries
tuberculosis and other mycobacteria
nontuberculous mycobacteria
TB
HIV Infections
Coinfection
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Middle Aged
Humans
Cross Infection
Male
Mycobacterium Infections
Young Adult
Adolescent
Nontuberculous
Female
Adult
Aged
Population Surveillance
ISSN:1080-6040, 1080-6059, 1080-6059
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) disease is poorly documented in countries with high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB). We describe prevalence, risk factors, and TB program implications for NTM isolates and disease in Cambodia. A prospective cohort of 1,183 patients with presumptive TB underwent epidemiologic, clinical, radiologic, and microbiologic evaluation, including >12-months of follow-up for patients with NTM isolates. Prevalence of NTM isolates was 10.8% and of disease was 0.9%; 217 (18.3%) patients had TB. Of 197 smear-positive patients, 171 (86.8%) had TB confirmed (167 by culture and 4 by Xpert MTB/RIF assay only) and 11 (5.6%) had NTM isolates. HIV infection and past TB were independently associated with having NTM isolates. Improved detection of NTM isolates in Cambodia might require more systematic use of mycobacterial culture and the use of Xpert MTB/RIF to confirm smear-positive TB cases, especially in patients with HIV infection or a history of TB.
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PMCID: PMC5512507
ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid2307.170060