Maternal varicella antibodies in children aged less than one year: Assessment of antibody decay

To investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada. In this study, we included specimens from infants <12 months of age, born at [greater than or equal to]37 weeks gestational age, who had sera collected at The Hospital for Sick Children (Toron...

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Published in:	PloS one Vol. 18; no. 11; p. e0287765
Main Authors:	Bolotin, Shelly, Hughes, Stephanie L., Savage, Rachel D., McLachlan, Elizabeth, Severini, Alberto, Arnold, Callum, Richardson, Susan, Crowcroft, Natasha S., Deek, Shelley, Halperin, Scott A., Brown, Kevin A., Hatchette, Todd, Osman, Selma, Gubbay, Jonathan B., Science, Michelle
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	San Francisco Public Library of Science 10.11.2023 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:	Age Antibodies Babies Biology and life sciences Breastfeeding & lactation Care and treatment Chicken pox Children Confidence intervals Diagnosis Diseases Emergency medical care Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Ethics Gestational age Glycoproteins Health aspects Immunoassay Infants Infections Information systems Medicine and Health Sciences Missing data People and Places Prophylaxis Regression analysis Research and Analysis Methods Science Policy Serology Statistical analysis Vaccines Varicella Varicella-zoster virus Viral antibodies Canada
ISSN:	1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Abstract	To investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada. In this study, we included specimens from infants <12 months of age, born at [greater than or equal to]37 weeks gestational age, who had sera collected at The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto, Canada) between 2014-2016. We tested sera using a glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA). We measured varicella susceptibility (antibody concentration <150mIU/mL) and mean varicella antibody concentration, and assessed the probability of susceptibility and concentration between one and 11 months of age using multivariable logistic regression and Poisson regression. We found that 32% of 196 included specimens represented infants susceptible to varicella at one month of age, increasing to nearly 80% at three months of age. At six months of age, all infants were susceptible to varicella and the predicted mean varicella antibody concentration declined to 62 mIU/mL (95% confidence interval 40, 84), well below the threshold of protection. We found that varicella maternal antibody levels wane rapidly in infants, leaving most infants susceptible by four months of age. Our findings have implications for the timing of first dose of varicella-containing vaccine, infection control measures, and infant post-exposure prophylaxis recommendations.
AbstractList	To investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada. In this study, we included specimens from infants <12 months of age, born at [greater than or equal to]37 weeks gestational age, who had sera collected at The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto, Canada) between 2014-2016. We tested sera using a glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA). We measured varicella susceptibility (antibody concentration <150mIU/mL) and mean varicella antibody concentration, and assessed the probability of susceptibility and concentration between one and 11 months of age using multivariable logistic regression and Poisson regression. We found that 32% of 196 included specimens represented infants susceptible to varicella at one month of age, increasing to nearly 80% at three months of age. At six months of age, all infants were susceptible to varicella and the predicted mean varicella antibody concentration declined to 62 mIU/mL (95% confidence interval 40, 84), well below the threshold of protection. We found that varicella maternal antibody levels wane rapidly in infants, leaving most infants susceptible by four months of age. Our findings have implications for the timing of first dose of varicella-containing vaccine, infection control measures, and infant post-exposure prophylaxis recommendations. Objectives To investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada. Study design In this study, we included specimens from infants <12 months of age, born at ≥37 weeks gestational age, who had sera collected at The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto, Canada) between 2014–2016. We tested sera using a glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA). We measured varicella susceptibility (antibody concentration <150mIU/mL) and mean varicella antibody concentration, and assessed the probability of susceptibility and concentration between one and 11 months of age using multivariable logistic regression and Poisson regression. Results We found that 32% of 196 included specimens represented infants susceptible to varicella at one month of age, increasing to nearly 80% at three months of age. At six months of age, all infants were susceptible to varicella and the predicted mean varicella antibody concentration declined to 62 mIU/mL (95% confidence interval 40, 84), well below the threshold of protection. Conclusions We found that varicella maternal antibody levels wane rapidly in infants, leaving most infants susceptible by four months of age. Our findings have implications for the timing of first dose of varicella-containing vaccine, infection control measures, and infant post-exposure prophylaxis recommendations. ObjectivesTo investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada.Study designIn this study, we included specimens from infants <12 months of age, born at ≥37 weeks gestational age, who had sera collected at The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto, Canada) between 2014-2016. We tested sera using a glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA). We measured varicella susceptibility (antibody concentration <150mIU/mL) and mean varicella antibody concentration, and assessed the probability of susceptibility and concentration between one and 11 months of age using multivariable logistic regression and Poisson regression.ResultsWe found that 32% of 196 included specimens represented infants susceptible to varicella at one month of age, increasing to nearly 80% at three months of age. At six months of age, all infants were susceptible to varicella and the predicted mean varicella antibody concentration declined to 62 mIU/mL (95% confidence interval 40, 84), well below the threshold of protection.ConclusionsWe found that varicella maternal antibody levels wane rapidly in infants, leaving most infants susceptible by four months of age. Our findings have implications for the timing of first dose of varicella-containing vaccine, infection control measures, and infant post-exposure prophylaxis recommendations. To investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada.OBJECTIVESTo investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada.In this study, we included specimens from infants <12 months of age, born at ≥37 weeks gestational age, who had sera collected at The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto, Canada) between 2014-2016. We tested sera using a glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA). We measured varicella susceptibility (antibody concentration <150mIU/mL) and mean varicella antibody concentration, and assessed the probability of susceptibility and concentration between one and 11 months of age using multivariable logistic regression and Poisson regression.STUDY DESIGNIn this study, we included specimens from infants <12 months of age, born at ≥37 weeks gestational age, who had sera collected at The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto, Canada) between 2014-2016. We tested sera using a glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA). We measured varicella susceptibility (antibody concentration <150mIU/mL) and mean varicella antibody concentration, and assessed the probability of susceptibility and concentration between one and 11 months of age using multivariable logistic regression and Poisson regression.We found that 32% of 196 included specimens represented infants susceptible to varicella at one month of age, increasing to nearly 80% at three months of age. At six months of age, all infants were susceptible to varicella and the predicted mean varicella antibody concentration declined to 62 mIU/mL (95% confidence interval 40, 84), well below the threshold of protection.RESULTSWe found that 32% of 196 included specimens represented infants susceptible to varicella at one month of age, increasing to nearly 80% at three months of age. At six months of age, all infants were susceptible to varicella and the predicted mean varicella antibody concentration declined to 62 mIU/mL (95% confidence interval 40, 84), well below the threshold of protection.We found that varicella maternal antibody levels wane rapidly in infants, leaving most infants susceptible by four months of age. Our findings have implications for the timing of first dose of varicella-containing vaccine, infection control measures, and infant post-exposure prophylaxis recommendations.CONCLUSIONSWe found that varicella maternal antibody levels wane rapidly in infants, leaving most infants susceptible by four months of age. Our findings have implications for the timing of first dose of varicella-containing vaccine, infection control measures, and infant post-exposure prophylaxis recommendations. Objectives To investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada. Study design In this study, we included specimens from infants <12 months of age, born at [greater than or equal to]37 weeks gestational age, who had sera collected at The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto, Canada) between 2014-2016. We tested sera using a glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA). We measured varicella susceptibility (antibody concentration <150mIU/mL) and mean varicella antibody concentration, and assessed the probability of susceptibility and concentration between one and 11 months of age using multivariable logistic regression and Poisson regression. Results We found that 32% of 196 included specimens represented infants susceptible to varicella at one month of age, increasing to nearly 80% at three months of age. At six months of age, all infants were susceptible to varicella and the predicted mean varicella antibody concentration declined to 62 mIU/mL (95% confidence interval 40, 84), well below the threshold of protection. Conclusions We found that varicella maternal antibody levels wane rapidly in infants, leaving most infants susceptible by four months of age. Our findings have implications for the timing of first dose of varicella-containing vaccine, infection control measures, and infant post-exposure prophylaxis recommendations.
Audience	Academic
Author	Severini, Alberto McLachlan, Elizabeth Richardson, Susan Gubbay, Jonathan B. Savage, Rachel D. Arnold, Callum Halperin, Scott A. Bolotin, Shelly Deek, Shelley Hughes, Stephanie L. Osman, Selma Brown, Kevin A. Hatchette, Todd Science, Michelle Crowcroft, Natasha S.
AuthorAffiliation	3 Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 8 Division of Microbiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 11 Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 4 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 12 Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 1 Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 10 Canadian Center for Vaccinology (CCfV), IWK Health Centre, Nova Scotia Health (NSH), and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia (NS), Canada Public Health England, UNITED KINGDOM 5 National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 7 Division of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 6 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada 2 Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto,
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 6 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada – name: 5 National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada – name: 11 Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – name: 1 Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – name: 12 Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – name: Public Health England, UNITED KINGDOM – name: 9 Department of Immunization, Vaccines & Biologicals, World Helath Organization, Geneva, Switzerland – name: 2 Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – name: 4 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – name: 7 Division of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – name: 3 Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – name: 8 Division of Microbiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – name: 10 Canadian Center for Vaccinology (CCfV), IWK Health Centre, Nova Scotia Health (NSH), and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia (NS), Canada
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CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1016_j_idnow_2025_105049 crossref_primary_10_3390_pathogens14020151
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Copyright	COPYRIGHT 2023 Public Library of Science 2023 Bolotin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Copyright: © 2023 Bolotin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 2023 Bolotin et al 2023 Bolotin et al 2023 Bolotin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
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Snippet	Objectives To investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada. Study design In this study, we included... To investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada. In this study, we included specimens from infants <12... ObjectivesTo investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada.Study designIn this study, we included specimens... To investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada.OBJECTIVESTo investigate maternal antibody levels to... Objectives To investigate maternal antibody levels to varicella in infants <12 months of age in Ontario, Canada. Study design In this study, we included...
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SubjectTerms	Age Antibodies Babies Biology and life sciences Breastfeeding & lactation Care and treatment Chicken pox Children Confidence intervals Diagnosis Diseases Emergency medical care Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Ethics Gestational age Glycoproteins Health aspects Immunoassay Infants Infections Information systems Medicine and Health Sciences Missing data People and Places Prophylaxis Regression analysis Research and Analysis Methods Science Policy Serology Statistical analysis Vaccines Varicella Varicella-zoster virus Viral antibodies
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Title	Maternal varicella antibodies in children aged less than one year: Assessment of antibody decay
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