Determinants and Consequences of Obesity

Objectives. To review the contribution of the Nurses’ Health Studies (NHS and NHS II) in addressing hypotheses regarding risk factors for and consequences of obesity. Methods. Narrative review of the publications of the NHS and NHS II between 1976 and 2016. Results. Long-term NHS research has shown...

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Vydáno v:	American journal of public health (1971) Ročník 106; číslo 9; s. 1656 - 1662
Hlavní autoři:	Hruby, Adela, Manson, JoAnn E., Qi, Lu, Malik, Vasanti S., Rimm, Eric B., Sun, Qi, Willett, Walter C., Hu, Frank B.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States American Public Health Association 01.09.2016
Témata:	Adult AJPH Special Section: NHS Contributions Beverages Body mass index Built environment Cancer Cardiovascular diseases Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology Chronic Disease Chronic illnesses Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - etiology Diet Drinks Epidemiologic Studies Exercise/Physical Activity Female Fruit juices Genetic factors Genetics Genomics Grain Health behavior Health care Health risk assessment Health services Humans Job characteristics Life Style Lifestyles Longitudinal Studies Middle age Middle Aged Mortality Mortality, Premature Neoplasms - epidemiology Neoplasms - etiology Nurses Nutrition/Food Nuts Obesity Obesity - complications Obesity - epidemiology Obesity/Overweight/Underweight Oils & fats Overweight Physical activity Premature mortality Prevention Prevention programs Prospective Studies Public health Questionnaires Risk Factors Screen time Sedentary Lifestyle Self report Shift work Shiftwork Studies Susceptibility Type 2 diabetes mellitus United States - epidemiology Urban environments Weight control Weight gain Women's Health Womens health Working conditions United States > US
ISSN:	0090-0036, 1541-0048, 1541-0048
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Objectives. To review the contribution of the Nurses’ Health Studies (NHS and NHS II) in addressing hypotheses regarding risk factors for and consequences of obesity. Methods. Narrative review of the publications of the NHS and NHS II between 1976 and 2016. Results. Long-term NHS research has shown that weight gain and being overweight or obese are important risk factors for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, certain types of cancers, and premature death. The cohorts have elucidated the role of dietary and lifestyle factors in obesity, especially sugar-sweetened beverages, poor diet quality, physical inactivity, prolonged screen time, short sleep duration or shift work, and built environment characteristics. Genome-wide association and gene–lifestyle interaction studies have shown that genetic factors predispose individuals to obesity but that such susceptibility can be attenuated by healthy lifestyle choices. This research has contributed to evolving clinical and public health guidelines on the importance of limiting weight gain through healthy dietary and lifestyle behaviors. Conclusions. The NHS cohorts have contributed to our understanding of the risk factors for and consequences of obesity and made a lasting impact on clinical and public health guidelines on obesity prevention.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 Peer Reviewed CONTRIBUTORS A. Hruby drafted the article. All authors reviewed, edited, and made important intellectual contributions to the article. Because of space restrictions and the large volume of references relevant to the Nurses’ Health Study, additional references are provided in a supplement to the online version of this article at http://www.ajph.org. EDITOR’S NOTE
ISSN:	0090-0036 1541-0048 1541-0048
DOI:	10.2105/AJPH.2016.303326