Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals distinct immunotypes with therapeutic implications
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a global pandemic, but human immune responses to the virus remain poorly understood. We used high-dimensional cytometry to analyze 125 COVID-19 patients and compare them with recovered and healthy individuals. Integrated analysis of ~200 immune and ~5...
Uloženo v:
| Vydáno v: | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Ročník 369; číslo 6508 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
United States
04.09.2020
|
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 1095-9203, 1095-9203 |
| On-line přístup: | Zjistit podrobnosti o přístupu |
| Tagy: |
Přidat tag
Žádné tagy, Buďte první, kdo vytvoří štítek k tomuto záznamu!
|
| Abstract | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a global pandemic, but human immune responses to the virus remain poorly understood. We used high-dimensional cytometry to analyze 125 COVID-19 patients and compare them with recovered and healthy individuals. Integrated analysis of ~200 immune and ~50 clinical features revealed activation of T cell and B cell subsets in a proportion of patients. A subgroup of patients had T cell activation characteristic of acute viral infection and plasmablast responses reaching >30% of circulating B cells. However, another subgroup had lymphocyte activation comparable with that in uninfected individuals. Stable versus dynamic immunological signatures were identified and linked to trajectories of disease severity change. Our analyses identified three immunotypes associated with poor clinical trajectories versus improving health. These immunotypes may have implications for the design of therapeutics and vaccines for COVID-19. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a global pandemic, but human immune responses to the virus remain poorly understood. We used high-dimensional cytometry to analyze 125 COVID-19 patients and compare them with recovered and healthy individuals. Integrated analysis of ~200 immune and ~50 clinical features revealed activation of T cell and B cell subsets in a proportion of patients. A subgroup of patients had T cell activation characteristic of acute viral infection and plasmablast responses reaching >30% of circulating B cells. However, another subgroup had lymphocyte activation comparable with that in uninfected individuals. Stable versus dynamic immunological signatures were identified and linked to trajectories of disease severity change. Our analyses identified three immunotypes associated with poor clinical trajectories versus improving health. These immunotypes may have implications for the design of therapeutics and vaccines for COVID-19. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a global pandemic, but human immune responses to the virus remain poorly understood. We used high-dimensional cytometry to analyze 125 COVID-19 patients and compare them with recovered and healthy individuals. Integrated analysis of ~200 immune and ~50 clinical features revealed activation of T cell and B cell subsets in a proportion of patients. A subgroup of patients had T cell activation characteristic of acute viral infection and plasmablast responses reaching >30% of circulating B cells. However, another subgroup had lymphocyte activation comparable with that in uninfected individuals. Stable versus dynamic immunological signatures were identified and linked to trajectories of disease severity change. Our analyses identified three immunotypes associated with poor clinical trajectories versus improving health. These immunotypes may have implications for the design of therapeutics and vaccines for COVID-19.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a global pandemic, but human immune responses to the virus remain poorly understood. We used high-dimensional cytometry to analyze 125 COVID-19 patients and compare them with recovered and healthy individuals. Integrated analysis of ~200 immune and ~50 clinical features revealed activation of T cell and B cell subsets in a proportion of patients. A subgroup of patients had T cell activation characteristic of acute viral infection and plasmablast responses reaching >30% of circulating B cells. However, another subgroup had lymphocyte activation comparable with that in uninfected individuals. Stable versus dynamic immunological signatures were identified and linked to trajectories of disease severity change. Our analyses identified three immunotypes associated with poor clinical trajectories versus improving health. These immunotypes may have implications for the design of therapeutics and vaccines for COVID-19. |
| Author | Hensley, Scott E Greenplate, Allison R Chen, Zeyu Pampena, M Betina Vella, Laura A Kuri-Cervantes, Leticia Arevalo, Claudia P Huang, Yinghui Jane Wherry, E John Betts, Michael R Baxter, Amy E Gouma, Sigrid Meyer, Nuala J Weirick, Madison E Dougherty, Jeanette Goodwin, Eileen C Manne, Sasikanth Huang, Alexander C D'Andrea, Kurt Anderson, Elizabeth M Reilly, John P Bolton, Marcus J Ittner, Caroline A G Pattekar, Ajinkya Apostolidis, Sokratis A Oldridge, Derek A Ramage, Holly Weisman, Ariel R Chen, Fang Lacey, Simon F Nzingha, Kito Kuthuru, Oliva Giles, Josephine R Han, Nicholas Cherry, Sara Mathew, Divij Wu, Jennifer E Alanio, Cécile Kim, Justin |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Divij orcidid: 0000-0002-8323-7358 surname: Mathew fullname: Mathew, Divij organization: Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Josephine R orcidid: 0000-0002-3713-338X surname: Giles fullname: Giles, Josephine R organization: Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Amy E orcidid: 0000-0002-1555-0713 surname: Baxter fullname: Baxter, Amy E organization: Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Derek A orcidid: 0000-0003-2177-5633 surname: Oldridge fullname: Oldridge, Derek A organization: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Allison R orcidid: 0000-0002-2614-3072 surname: Greenplate fullname: Greenplate, Allison R organization: Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Jennifer E orcidid: 0000-0002-9302-8904 surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Jennifer E organization: Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Cécile orcidid: 0000-0003-2785-7445 surname: Alanio fullname: Alanio, Cécile organization: Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Leticia orcidid: 0000-0002-2432-9500 surname: Kuri-Cervantes fullname: Kuri-Cervantes, Leticia organization: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: M Betina orcidid: 0000-0001-6665-4865 surname: Pampena fullname: Pampena, M Betina organization: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Kurt orcidid: 0000-0001-7005-3800 surname: D'Andrea fullname: D'Andrea, Kurt organization: Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 11 givenname: Sasikanth surname: Manne fullname: Manne, Sasikanth organization: Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 12 givenname: Zeyu surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Zeyu organization: Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 13 givenname: Yinghui Jane surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Yinghui Jane organization: Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 14 givenname: John P surname: Reilly fullname: Reilly, John P organization: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 15 givenname: Ariel R orcidid: 0000-0002-7187-304X surname: Weisman fullname: Weisman, Ariel R organization: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 16 givenname: Caroline A G surname: Ittner fullname: Ittner, Caroline A G organization: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Translational Lung Biology, Lung Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 17 givenname: Oliva orcidid: 0000-0002-9435-9764 surname: Kuthuru fullname: Kuthuru, Oliva organization: Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 18 givenname: Jeanette orcidid: 0000-0001-9400-6240 surname: Dougherty fullname: Dougherty, Jeanette organization: Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 19 givenname: Kito orcidid: 0000-0002-8839-5208 surname: Nzingha fullname: Nzingha, Kito organization: Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 20 givenname: Nicholas orcidid: 0000-0003-1410-9931 surname: Han fullname: Han, Nicholas organization: Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 21 givenname: Justin orcidid: 0000-0003-0774-8137 surname: Kim fullname: Kim, Justin organization: Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 22 givenname: Ajinkya orcidid: 0000-0002-1416-1230 surname: Pattekar fullname: Pattekar, Ajinkya organization: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 23 givenname: Eileen C surname: Goodwin fullname: Goodwin, Eileen C organization: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 24 givenname: Elizabeth M orcidid: 0000-0002-1168-4773 surname: Anderson fullname: Anderson, Elizabeth M organization: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 25 givenname: Madison E orcidid: 0000-0003-2112-8102 surname: Weirick fullname: Weirick, Madison E organization: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 26 givenname: Sigrid surname: Gouma fullname: Gouma, Sigrid organization: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 27 givenname: Claudia P orcidid: 0000-0003-4062-1605 surname: Arevalo fullname: Arevalo, Claudia P organization: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 28 givenname: Marcus J orcidid: 0000-0002-6933-0548 surname: Bolton fullname: Bolton, Marcus J organization: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 29 givenname: Fang surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Fang organization: Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 30 givenname: Simon F orcidid: 0000-0003-2882-1962 surname: Lacey fullname: Lacey, Simon F organization: Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 31 givenname: Holly orcidid: 0000-0002-0390-6786 surname: Ramage fullname: Ramage, Holly organization: Department of Microbiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 32 givenname: Sara surname: Cherry fullname: Cherry, Sara organization: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 33 givenname: Scott E orcidid: 0000-0002-2928-7506 surname: Hensley fullname: Hensley, Scott E organization: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 34 givenname: Sokratis A orcidid: 0000-0002-0224-0097 surname: Apostolidis fullname: Apostolidis, Sokratis A organization: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 35 givenname: Alexander C surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Alexander C organization: Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 36 givenname: Laura A orcidid: 0000-0002-8917-4845 surname: Vella fullname: Vella, Laura A organization: Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 37 givenname: Michael R orcidid: 0000-0002-7690-1484 surname: Betts fullname: Betts, Michael R email: nuala.meyer@pennmedicine.upenn.edu, betts@pennmedicine.upenn.edu, wherry@pennmedicine.upenn.edu organization: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA – sequence: 38 givenname: Nuala J orcidid: 0000-0003-4597-5584 surname: Meyer fullname: Meyer, Nuala J email: nuala.meyer@pennmedicine.upenn.edu, betts@pennmedicine.upenn.edu, wherry@pennmedicine.upenn.edu organization: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. nuala.meyer@pennmedicine.upenn.edu betts@pennmedicine.upenn.edu wherry@pennmedicine.upenn.edu – sequence: 39 givenname: E John orcidid: 0000-0003-0477-1956 surname: Wherry fullname: Wherry, E John email: nuala.meyer@pennmedicine.upenn.edu, betts@pennmedicine.upenn.edu, wherry@pennmedicine.upenn.edu organization: Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32669297$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNpNkD1PwzAQhi1URD9gZkMeWVJs13bqEbUFKlXqAqyR45ypUeKE2AH132OpRWK6r_d5T3dTNPKtB4RuKZlTyuRDMA68gbkuzVJQeoEmlCiRKUYWo3_5GE1D-CQk1WpxhcYLJqViKp8gWAN02DXN4AF3fWtd7fwHbi1e7d-364wq3OmYlsSAe_gGXQdcuRCdN_GEtfHYQcA_Lh5wPECvOxiiM2nY1c4ktvXhGl3aRMLNOc7Q29PmdfWS7fbP29XjLjOcq5jJvCxzKUXJbW6ErbRdGmKF4YxrCYSW1uSSmtTlnFAhhJalIMZKZSsDlWYzdH_yTZd8DRBi0bhgoK61h3YIBUtOnNOcsiS9O0uHsoGq6HrX6P5Y_L2G_QKMJGtf |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1126_science_abf6446 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_595950 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_celrep_2023_112827 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41587_021_01131_y crossref_primary_10_3390_pathogens9100817 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1107900 crossref_primary_10_1111_imr_12988 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_579220 crossref_primary_10_1093_oxfimm_iqaa007 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_644483 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_978619 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2022_01_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2022_01_014 crossref_primary_10_1084_jem_20210220 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcvm_2021_757799 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_44524_0 crossref_primary_10_2147_IDR_S410053 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ebiom_2021_103637 crossref_primary_10_1080_14779072_2022_2044305 crossref_primary_10_1093_infdis_jiab553 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1129705 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11154_021_09692_8 crossref_primary_10_1097_CCM_0000000000004895 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41591_022_01829_9 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2312837121 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2022_1035711 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_intimp_2021_107586 crossref_primary_10_3390_v13030514 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e34694 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jaip_2021_01_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbih_2021_100251 crossref_primary_10_1016_S2213_2600_20_30369_6 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_735125 crossref_primary_10_1080_08916934_2021_1913581 crossref_primary_10_3390_life12060814 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells11142198 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isci_2021_102289 crossref_primary_10_1111_imr_12963 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11222_024_10401_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mehy_2021_110681 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms222011095 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41423_021_00784_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2022_04_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actatropica_2021_106013 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_smim_2024_101875 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms22084152 crossref_primary_10_1002_JLB_5COVA0620_370RR crossref_primary_10_1016_S2213_2600_23_00239_4 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_022_01248_5 crossref_primary_10_34133_research_0657 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abd0205 crossref_primary_10_24287_1726_1708_2021_20_3_158_168 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ebiom_2021_103615 crossref_primary_10_3390_v14051082 crossref_primary_10_1111_imr_12953 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2025_03_020 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jaci_2023_07_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_exger_2021_111497 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2023_1165756 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2023_09_013 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0247758 crossref_primary_10_1016_S1473_3099_21_00212_7 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_756288 crossref_primary_10_1002_jmv_70512 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_85009 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11886_024_02173_9 crossref_primary_10_1158_2159_8290_CD_20_1817 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinf_2024_106304 crossref_primary_10_1093_cid_ciaa1193 crossref_primary_10_3390_jof9080812 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbih_2025_101019 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_569611 crossref_primary_10_1002_cyto_a_24460 crossref_primary_10_1136_jitc_2021_002630 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ebiom_2024_105479 crossref_primary_10_1002_JLB_5COVCRA0721_387RR crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2024_1488607 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines11101527 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_962079 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_imlet_2021_04_007 crossref_primary_10_1182_blood_2021012249 crossref_primary_10_26508_lsa_202503417 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12929_020_00703_5 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2024_1450380 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abd6160 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_arr_2021_101410 crossref_primary_10_1126_science_abm0829 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms231810679 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1009892 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines11020408 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abf3733 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cis_2022_102718 crossref_primary_10_3390_biom11121873 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12250_021_00348_0 crossref_primary_10_1002_cyto_a_24210 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abd6197 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41419_023_06102_6 crossref_primary_10_1134_S1063784223010048 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms241713140 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_974343 crossref_primary_10_1080_1744666X_2022_2044797 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molimm_2022_03_004 crossref_primary_10_1093_jalm_jfad123 crossref_primary_10_1002_pmic_202000279 crossref_primary_10_1002_ctm2_1103 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_817876 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41423_023_00985_3 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_851765 crossref_primary_10_4103_japtr_JAPTR_245_20 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amjmed_2024_04_015 crossref_primary_10_1165_rcmb_2022_0089WS crossref_primary_10_1017_S2040174421000398 crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_biophys_102620_080956 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_intimp_2021_107761 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nut_2020_111052 crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI143928 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41564_023_01434_7 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_021_03234_7 crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers14061544 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isci_2023_108572 crossref_primary_10_1111_crj_13455 crossref_primary_10_1182_blood_2021013549 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_it_2020_10_004 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41577_020_0402_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_vaccine_2021_07_098 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41591_021_01386_7 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12102992 crossref_primary_10_1002_eji_202049135 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_022_01283_2 crossref_primary_10_1038_s42256_022_00518_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_imbio_2022_152185 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm10081583 crossref_primary_10_1002_JLB_5COVA0721_392RR crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tim_2022_12_008 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41564_020_00789_5 crossref_primary_10_1136_gutjnl_2021_324280 crossref_primary_10_1126_science_abm8108 crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI144115 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2020_11_017 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_020_20139_7 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_90797_0 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_25102_8 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_635942 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciadv_adt2926 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_867716 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms9122578 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2024_1381091 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines10101762 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10557_021_07161_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2020_11_009 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41392_024_01876_3 crossref_primary_10_1136_jitc_2021_002489 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1009858 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41591_021_01507_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chest_2022_05_013 crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines9101342 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines10040607 crossref_primary_10_1002_jmv_28122 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2024_1303356 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajpath_2022_05_006 crossref_primary_10_1002_jmv_27037 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e28174 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms9071389 crossref_primary_10_1097_QAI_0000000000003399 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00005_023_00673_0 crossref_primary_10_1097_QCO_0000000000000841 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines10101764 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_67397 crossref_primary_10_1002_jmv_29452 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_91011_x crossref_primary_10_1111_pai_13434 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_39604 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13073_020_00823_5 crossref_primary_10_3389_fgene_2021_680646 crossref_primary_10_1002_smtd_202300089 crossref_primary_10_1038_s42003_023_04730_4 crossref_primary_10_1177_17588359221133893 crossref_primary_10_1183_13993003_00285_2021 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2022_933190 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41392_021_00589_1 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2021_746729 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_intimp_2021_108255 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_020_20642_x crossref_primary_10_1111_bcp_14703 crossref_primary_10_1002_eji_202250332 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_1022750 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bcp_2024_116066 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_611004 crossref_primary_10_1093_infdis_jiab181 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_lfs_2024_123022 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_42430_z crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2024_1362102 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_celrep_2024_114933 crossref_primary_10_1111_joim_13310 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcmm_17622 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_022_34655_1 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10875_022_01256_y crossref_primary_10_1186_s13045_021_01222_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_anai_2023_03_009 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines11121755 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41392_021_00754_6 crossref_primary_10_1080_21645515_2021_2016201 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cyto_2022_155873 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_31347_8 crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers14184464 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jaci_2022_02_028 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12879_025_10844_3 crossref_primary_10_1002_cti2_1423 crossref_primary_10_5582_bst_2021_01090 crossref_primary_10_51847_44bVI7Lvev crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_912336 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines13070694 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_021_01051_8 crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI183978 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trsl_2020_12_007 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmj_n244 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines11121787 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_transproceed_2020_09_005 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ebiom_2021_103262 crossref_primary_10_1126_science_adp2407 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms21228830 crossref_primary_10_3390_v13010026 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_lfs_2025_123524 crossref_primary_10_1002_rmv_2236 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1009804 crossref_primary_10_1111_bjh_19594 crossref_primary_10_1111_imr_13206 crossref_primary_10_1093_infdis_jiac020 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12026_022_09269_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chom_2021_06_009 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_024_01914_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2021_08_001 crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules28237707 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_33425_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chom_2021_06_001 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jcyt_2023_10_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2021_07_023 crossref_primary_10_1002_ped4_12228 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2022_08_008 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu14071388 crossref_primary_10_3390_medicina60121954 crossref_primary_10_1093_emph_eoac004 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_804808 crossref_primary_10_1126_scitranslmed_ade7028 crossref_primary_10_1002_cti2_1245 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells10102545 crossref_primary_10_1002_ctm2_200 crossref_primary_10_1002_cti2_1251 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12088_023_01079_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jaci_2021_08_021 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2022_04_009 crossref_primary_10_1002_rmv_2378 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_655934 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12929_022_00833_y crossref_primary_10_1002_cti2_1259 crossref_primary_10_1002_cti2_1258 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abo1303 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0253329 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_601080 crossref_primary_10_1097_CCE_0000000000000773 crossref_primary_10_1002_cti2_1260 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_022_34638_2 crossref_primary_10_1002_jrs_6235 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_021_01028_7 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1074465 crossref_primary_10_2147_NDT_S379653 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_598402 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_022_31142_5 crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI145853 crossref_primary_10_1038_s43587_021_00078_8 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_599736 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_medj_2021_04_015 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41577_021_00522_1 crossref_primary_10_2147_IJN_S367494 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_66410_5 crossref_primary_10_1096_fj_202100024R crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines11030615 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chom_2020_08_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_imbio_2022_152216 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_42841_y crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2119893119 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_medj_2021_04_008 crossref_primary_10_1038_s43587_021_00067_x crossref_primary_10_1136_bmj_m4509 crossref_primary_10_1164_rccm_202201_0157OC crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2217199120 crossref_primary_10_1159_000533606 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pulmoe_2021_03_008 crossref_primary_10_3390_v14091906 crossref_primary_10_1177_10760296221107889 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2022_964265 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13054_024_04959_3 crossref_primary_10_1158_2326_6066_CIR_21_0675 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccell_2022_05_013 crossref_primary_10_1080_01616412_2023_2257448 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mam_2021_101008 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41591_020_1140_9 crossref_primary_10_1111_imcb_12504 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00251_023_01294_9 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_614599 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_022_05273_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_omtn_2024_102253 crossref_primary_10_4049_jimmunol_2100068 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gene_2024_148377 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pcbi_1010734 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_25191_5 crossref_primary_10_1111_1462_2920_15302 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_idnow_2023_104779 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_863039 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms22136764 crossref_primary_10_1111_imcb_12511 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_738073 crossref_primary_10_1001_jamainternmed_2020_6047 crossref_primary_10_1002_jmv_27105 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm10214833 crossref_primary_10_1126_science_abd7343 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms24021712 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2021_12_040 crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2022_1052436 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_674279 crossref_primary_10_1038_s43018_020_00122_3 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41392_021_00488_5 crossref_primary_10_1158_2159_8290_CD_21_1368 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIRCRESAHA_123_321878 crossref_primary_10_1164_rccm_202311_2086SO crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms24098290 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12185_024_03802_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_virol_2021_01_002 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms24032492 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbrc_2020_10_045 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells9122615 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2021_757666 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_addr_2020_12_011 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12874_020_01196_4 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_024_45204_3 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0244855 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_idc_2022_07_002 crossref_primary_10_1136_rmdopen_2020_001549 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines10101673 crossref_primary_10_1126_scitranslmed_abe2555 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_741218 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12985_023_01989_1 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2111315118 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abg9873 crossref_primary_10_3390_biom14101217 crossref_primary_10_1200_EDBK_359656 crossref_primary_10_1177_2045894020988630 crossref_primary_10_1186_s41231_021_00090_5 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abg5021 crossref_primary_10_1212_NXI_0000000000001067 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_794006 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbrc_2020_10_060 crossref_primary_10_1097_MPG_0000000000003548 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2022_06_004 crossref_primary_10_2217_nnm_2020_0286 crossref_primary_10_1126_scitranslmed_abj1008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cytogfr_2023_11_005 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41591_020_01202_8 crossref_primary_10_1159_000514202 crossref_primary_10_1093_bib_bbac056 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_964976 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isci_2023_107813 crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI149125 crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI148036 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines9050524 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells11050847 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijid_2022_01_048 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijid_2021_09_021 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00210_020_02035_5 crossref_primary_10_1093_discim_kyac004 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_phymed_2023_154858 crossref_primary_10_1002_cyto_a_24490 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abl9464 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinf_2024_106241 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41577_021_00590_3 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abe4782 crossref_primary_10_1111_all_15112 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbrc_2020_10_079 crossref_primary_10_1080_02648725_2022_2147661 crossref_primary_10_3390_v15061287 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_743022 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41423_020_00554_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s11255_021_03069_1 crossref_primary_10_1002_eji_202170126 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_73522 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmed_2021_793102 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41591_021_01643_9 crossref_primary_10_3390_v13101966 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines11030699 crossref_primary_10_1016_S2213_2600_21_00157_0 crossref_primary_10_1002_cyto_a_24481 crossref_primary_10_1080_19490976_2022_2073131 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jcvp_2024_100189 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_596631 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00134_022_06869_w crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_021_01122_w crossref_primary_10_1093_pnasnexus_pgae126 crossref_primary_10_1097_ID9_0000000000000027 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_90091 crossref_primary_10_1001_jamainternmed_2020_5536 crossref_primary_10_1097_HCO_0000000000000958 crossref_primary_10_1016_S2665_9913_21_00059_X crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_024_01862_5 crossref_primary_10_1111_imm_13622 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmed_2023_1135695 crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_biodatasci_102523_103801 crossref_primary_10_1126_scitranslmed_abe9599 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_1035151 crossref_primary_10_3390_v16071006 crossref_primary_10_1111_all_15372 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ebiom_2021_103723 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cmpb_2021_106412 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines10060909 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jaip_2023_08_038 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13018_021_02563_7 crossref_primary_10_1002_eji_202350624 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_021_01113_x crossref_primary_10_3390_v13122482 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2024_1370859 crossref_primary_10_1093_jleuko_qiae111 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_763098 crossref_primary_10_3390_v14030511 crossref_primary_10_1055_s_0042_1758852 crossref_primary_10_3390_immuno5020017 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_022_30088_y crossref_primary_10_3390_v14112422 crossref_primary_10_3390_life12091424 crossref_primary_10_1681_ASN_2022010125 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmed_2023_1282390 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41577_020_00480_0 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_64653 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41577_021_00657_1 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_659018 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejmech_2023_115719 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41564_021_00969_x crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines11020489 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2204607119 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40635_023_00554_y crossref_primary_10_1038_s41596_021_00550_0 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pcbi_1009931 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_antiviral_2024_105894 crossref_primary_10_1111_ijcp_14767 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clim_2023_109808 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42399_022_01121_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_medj_2021_03_013 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41392_021_00703_3 crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI143648 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1179664 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_26137_7 crossref_primary_10_1172_jci_insight_189150 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_021_03791_x crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_660019 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_revmed_2021_10_218 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2021_625778 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms252111759 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_snb_2022_132068 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2020_08_003 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cpcardiol_2023_101756 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cmet_2022_02_003 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_988536 crossref_primary_10_1080_10715762_2023_2178918 crossref_primary_10_1097_CCM_0000000000004786 crossref_primary_10_1111_all_14647 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijmmb_2023_100372 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_74681 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00277_023_05146_0 crossref_primary_10_1084_jem_20210582 crossref_primary_10_1136_jitc_2021_002550 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_793142 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_meegid_2024_105556 crossref_primary_10_1111_all_15502 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells11203330 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_psyneuen_2021_105295 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_654165 crossref_primary_10_1002_rmv_70026 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abe8063 crossref_primary_10_1093_jalm_jfab018 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm10194533 crossref_primary_10_1093_femsre_fuab035 crossref_primary_10_1182_bloodadvances_2024013344 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10238_021_00730_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_it_2023_05_003 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41392_023_01471_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s00109_020_02027_1 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abe1670 crossref_primary_10_1002_eji_202149277 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2023_06_025 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_obmed_2020_100303 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpls_2020_601335 crossref_primary_10_1111_jth_15534 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1260283 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_77969 crossref_primary_10_1097_COH_0000000000000655 crossref_primary_10_4049_jimmunol_2100446 crossref_primary_10_3390_v15010051 crossref_primary_10_1084_jem_20202515 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41591_020_1038_6 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_83110_6 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41392_021_00559_7 crossref_primary_10_1128_JVI_01511_21 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms24054905 crossref_primary_10_3390_pathogens13121109 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41423_021_00750_4 crossref_primary_10_1111_febs_16105 crossref_primary_10_1128_jvi_00967_22 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jaut_2024_103276 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_obmed_2020_100317 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_871276 crossref_primary_10_1111_tan_15071 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_intimp_2021_107686 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12863_022_01044_y crossref_primary_10_1177_10760296231177676 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41409_024_02230_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mayocp_2021_07_001 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_23334_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10875_024_01776_9 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_793197 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_973070 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_23923_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bcp_2024_116100 crossref_primary_10_1128_jvi_01194_23 crossref_primary_10_1093_oxfimm_iqab016 crossref_primary_10_1002_eji_202149290 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_021_03475_6 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_022_05344_2 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_022_35454_4 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_829760 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ebiom_2022_103856 crossref_primary_10_2500_aap_2021_42_210077 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_904686 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_40556 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2024_1450196 crossref_primary_10_1056_NEJMra2403213 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41551_020_00640_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_intimp_2020_107364 crossref_primary_10_1038_s43587_021_00127_2 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41581_021_00452_0 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2319322121 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms9102036 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41581_020_00357_4 crossref_primary_10_1097_PR9_0000000000000885 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_lfs_2023_121374 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1107803 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_651728 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_838448 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_637654 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_861666 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2021_01_008 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12288_022_01558_6 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1009761 crossref_primary_10_1126_science_abd3871 crossref_primary_10_3390_v14020203 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_40076_5 crossref_primary_10_1080_14787210_2024_2400548 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12979_024_00430_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2021_01_053 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_smim_2020_101422 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_020_00814_z crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_769442 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2021_01_050 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ebiom_2021_103363 crossref_primary_10_1126_scitranslmed_abm2311 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_37835_9 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1108716 crossref_primary_10_1164_rccm_202111_2493OC crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1009753 crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI144227 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_arr_2020_101205 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm11071880 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12964_021_00754_7 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_607069 crossref_primary_10_1007_s43440_023_00486_0 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0254129 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmed_2022_915367 crossref_primary_10_2174_1381612828666220926094730 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cmi_2021_03_010 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines10101623 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cyto_2021_155654 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e41267 crossref_primary_10_4049_jimmunol_2101123 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_1041185 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1009742 crossref_primary_10_1093_jtm_taac088 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abm3131 crossref_primary_10_1002_ctm2_1440 crossref_primary_10_1177_10760296251319963 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_021_00902_8 crossref_primary_10_7717_peerj_18451 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_968778 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2020_11_029 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_741796 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2021_01_018 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_761382 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2024_1464480 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00292_021_00945_6 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_785946 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jbior_2021_100818 crossref_primary_10_1084_jem_20202359 crossref_primary_10_7189_jogh_12_05010 crossref_primary_10_1002_jmv_28000 crossref_primary_10_1360_TB_2024_0689 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1223730 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm12030998 crossref_primary_10_1136_annrheumdis_2020_218795 crossref_primary_10_1128_jvi_01350_24 crossref_primary_10_1126_scitranslmed_adk9149 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_020_20323_9 crossref_primary_10_1038_s42003_024_05922_2 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm12020710 crossref_primary_10_2500_aap_2021_42_210013 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41423_021_00754_0 crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_immunol_083122_043545 crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_immunol_101721_061120 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41522_024_00538_0 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abd7114 crossref_primary_10_3390_covid5050073 crossref_primary_10_3389_fncel_2021_647378 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13054_023_04366_0 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1266659 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_889813 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2025_1658970 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1232472 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_024_48589_3 crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines11123193 crossref_primary_10_1111_myc_13546 crossref_primary_10_3390_pathogens12020321 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abi6950 crossref_primary_10_1001_jama_2021_11330 crossref_primary_10_1111_imr_13114 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_932360 crossref_primary_10_3390_pathogens11111256 crossref_primary_10_1111_imr_13115 crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_immunol_101320_125133 crossref_primary_10_1002_cyto_a_24516 crossref_primary_10_4049_jimmunol_2100228 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41592_022_01450_1 crossref_primary_10_4049_jimmunol_2100465 crossref_primary_10_1126_science_abc6261 crossref_primary_10_3390_cancers12092421 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10875_021_01093_5 crossref_primary_10_1128_JVI_02002_20 crossref_primary_10_1002_cti2_1339 crossref_primary_10_1002_iid3_70039 crossref_primary_10_15446_rcciquifa_v50n3_90640 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_024_48556_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccell_2021_01_001 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms23073649 crossref_primary_10_1136_bcr_2020_237357 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_40012_7 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12014_024_09457_w crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_677025 crossref_primary_10_1080_08820139_2022_2088383 crossref_primary_10_1155_2021_9987931 crossref_primary_10_1080_17476348_2023_2176302 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_844727 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_942192 crossref_primary_10_1002_cti2_1306 crossref_primary_10_1111_all_14866 crossref_primary_10_1182_blood_2020008488 crossref_primary_10_1080_14787210_2021_1905519 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms241914800 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12872_025_04565_3 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_769059 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines11040849 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_598444 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1010915 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molcel_2021_04_008 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0245424 crossref_primary_10_4049_jimmunol_2100011 crossref_primary_10_1080_2162402X_2020_1807836 crossref_primary_10_1038_s42256_020_00232_8 crossref_primary_10_1111_imm_13262 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2203437119 crossref_primary_10_1164_rccm_202305_0890OC crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms25073714 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_020_2943_z crossref_primary_10_1111_sji_12989 crossref_primary_10_1183_13993003_00787_2023 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41392_021_00753_7 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph182413249 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_023_06651_y crossref_primary_10_1097_EA9_0000000000000039 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_vaccine_2025_127666 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_beha_2022_101401 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_731100 crossref_primary_10_1099_jgv_0_001698 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_696370 crossref_primary_10_1097_CP9_0000000000000046 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmed_2022_828678 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_vaccine_2025_127420 crossref_primary_10_1128_spectrum_00845_21 crossref_primary_10_52711_0974_360X_2022_00365 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_imlet_2021_01_001 crossref_primary_10_3390_pathophysiology28040034 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_024_01948_0 crossref_primary_10_1093_infdis_jiad045 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2021_06_002 crossref_primary_10_1080_17476348_2023_2210837 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jaci_2023_12_011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2020_08_021 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41591_021_01355_0 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcell_2021_725606 crossref_primary_10_1093_bib_bbae191 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2020_08_025 crossref_primary_10_3390_v13020241 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1155770 crossref_primary_10_1111_tan_70011 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2020_12_002 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_020_00832_x crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_021_14907_1 crossref_primary_10_1097_INF_0000000000004713 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_871828 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms241813790 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_586781 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_55148_9 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells10071817 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00439_023_02590_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clim_2024_110329 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abo0535 crossref_primary_10_1002_jcp_30805 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abf7570 crossref_primary_10_1177_10815589231158041 crossref_primary_10_3390_life11111152 crossref_primary_10_1002_chem_202203136 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13054_025_05532_2 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41421_021_00250_9 crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines9080917 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_024_53262_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_arbres_2022_01_011 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmed_2022_999374 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms24109047 crossref_primary_10_1158_2159_8290_CD_21_1033 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12859_022_05028_8 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_759188 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijid_2021_04_067 crossref_primary_10_1093_nar_gkac1019 crossref_primary_10_1097_MCC_0000000000000855 crossref_primary_10_1053_j_gastro_2022_04_037 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pgen_1010652 crossref_primary_10_1097_MCC_0000000000000860 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2020_09_038 crossref_primary_10_1111_all_15091 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_841126 crossref_primary_10_3390_pathogens12030414 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cels_2022_05_007 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_902837 crossref_primary_10_1089_vim_2022_0002 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms232113656 crossref_primary_10_1089_jir_2020_0156 crossref_primary_10_3390_covid2030027 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcmm_17337 crossref_primary_10_1080_08830185_2021_1883600 crossref_primary_10_1002_ctm2_523 crossref_primary_10_1093_cvr_cvac139 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_581076 crossref_primary_10_1093_jimmun_vkaf066 crossref_primary_10_1002_bies_202000200 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10875_022_01386_3 crossref_primary_10_1080_00325481_2020_1855921 crossref_primary_10_2217_fmb_2022_0031 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_583019 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2021_05_002 crossref_primary_10_3390_pathophysiology29020020 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chest_2021_04_062 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_transproceed_2022_02_016 crossref_primary_10_1089_vim_2022_0013 crossref_primary_10_2147_ITT_S280706 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2020_10_037 crossref_primary_10_1126_scitranslmed_abn5168 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_022_28508_0 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41591_020_1054_6 crossref_primary_10_4103_jpgm_JPGM_1168_20 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_31683_9 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_600405 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2020_607221 crossref_primary_10_3390_biology10090829 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abf8891 crossref_primary_10_1097_IMNA_D_22_00022 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2024_1492672 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmed_2023_1271198 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms12112272 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_833310 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms23168879 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13059_021_02526_5 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_24807_0 crossref_primary_10_1128_jvi_01668_24 crossref_primary_10_1093_jpids_piaa161 crossref_primary_10_1080_07315724_2021_1875340 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_753558 crossref_primary_10_1002_jcb_30683 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41419_021_04299_y crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_22210_3 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00292_021_00914_z crossref_primary_10_1111_1462_2920_15634 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40120_024_00671_0 crossref_primary_10_1158_2159_8290_CD_21_0144 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_healun_2021_04_017 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ebiom_2025_105558 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40620_021_01214_8 crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI145301 crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI143361 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clim_2020_108591 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2023_01_038 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2020_10_051 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12967_023_04149_9 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms25158278 crossref_primary_10_1093_jimmun_vkaf033 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines11010154 crossref_primary_10_1093_jleuko_qiac001 crossref_primary_10_1126_scitranslmed_adt4605 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bone_2021_116129 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mayocp_2020_11_024 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_831194 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines12101126 crossref_primary_10_1136_thoraxjnl_2020_216256 crossref_primary_10_1080_14737159_2020_1830760 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms222112081 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2021_060664 crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_med_043021_014005 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41588_021_00854_7 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmicb_2025_1525051 crossref_primary_10_1097_CCE_0000000000000800 crossref_primary_10_1002_jev2_12173 crossref_primary_10_4103_jpbs_JPBS_655_20 crossref_primary_10_1111_aji_13317 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_697622 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_intimp_2024_111829 crossref_primary_10_1038_s12276_022_00866_1 crossref_primary_10_31083_j_fbl2811284 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00018_022_04220_6 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_929849 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10787_023_01272_3 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abg6461 crossref_primary_10_26508_lsa_202000955 crossref_primary_10_14348_molcells_2021_0079 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_816745 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_addr_2021_02_009 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_smim_2021_101545 crossref_primary_10_3390_v14061188 crossref_primary_10_3390_antib11040068 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40001_022_00908_4 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_789735 crossref_primary_10_2217_pmt_2021_0044 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41385_021_00464_w crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0264979 crossref_primary_10_4049_jimmunol_2100830 crossref_primary_10_1111_imr_13091 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2021_01_007 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2023_e13285 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2021_05_010 crossref_primary_10_1136_bcr_2021_245992 crossref_primary_10_1093_discim_kyad009 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0261242 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphar_2021_622554 crossref_primary_10_1111_imcb_12691 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_smim_2021_101505 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_573662 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_smim_2021_101508 crossref_primary_10_1002_cnr2_2103 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13059_022_02691_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clim_2022_108991 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2020_571481 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41541_021_00414_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jaci_2021_10_025 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_81732_4 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_893450 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10067_021_05631_9 crossref_primary_10_1016_S2665_9913_22_00090_X crossref_primary_10_1038_s41420_023_01512_z crossref_primary_10_1093_pnasnexus_pgac062 crossref_primary_10_1001_jama_2021_5248 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_coviro_2021_09_017 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_894534 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12979_022_00309_5 crossref_primary_10_1002_cyto_a_24363 crossref_primary_10_1002_wnan_1857 crossref_primary_10_3390_biology12020177 crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines10102628 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms22147540 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_22811_y crossref_primary_10_1111_imr_13084 crossref_primary_10_1089_vim_2022_0089 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13205_023_03702_z crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms22115799 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chest_2021_01_023 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_84790 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jaut_2023_103024 crossref_primary_10_1038_s43588_023_00476_5 crossref_primary_10_3390_vaccines11010101 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41577_024_01119_0 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1143350 crossref_primary_10_1111_bjh_17877 crossref_primary_10_3390_app142311048 crossref_primary_10_4103_atm_atm_520_21 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isci_2023_107735 crossref_primary_10_1128_spectrum_01256_23 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells11010067 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_arr_2021_101494 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells11213449 crossref_primary_10_2147_BTT_S404421 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2021_02_029 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12879_023_08816_6 crossref_primary_10_1002_JLB_3COVBCR0621_300R crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI176640 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells10010082 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40995_023_01488_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_immuni_2021_03_005 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2022_951107 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cyto_2022_156049 crossref_primary_10_1056_NEJMra2026131 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12979_024_00423_6 crossref_primary_10_1080_17512433_2021_1949286 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abd5709 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_63430 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41423_023_01095_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2021_02_010 crossref_primary_10_1002_eji_202451145 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciimmunol_abj2901 crossref_primary_10_1002_eji_202149470 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2021_02_018 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jlr_2022_100240 crossref_primary_10_1172_JCI140491 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41590_021_01123_9 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_789317 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_020_2588_y crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1010106 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41577_021_00656_2 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_51505_w crossref_primary_10_1155_2021_1098970 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Contributor | Chandra, Aditi Byrne, Katelyn T Kaminskiy, Yaroslav Shah, Jennifer B Alam, Zahidul Addison, Mary M Prager, Elizabeth M Hamilton, Jacob T Perkey, Eric Descamps, Hélène C Noll, Julia Han Omran, Dalia K Shilan, Jake S Pueschl, Dana Vanderbeck, Ashley N |
| Contributor_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Zahidul surname: Alam fullname: Alam, Zahidul – sequence: 2 givenname: Mary M surname: Addison fullname: Addison, Mary M – sequence: 3 givenname: Katelyn T surname: Byrne fullname: Byrne, Katelyn T – sequence: 4 givenname: Aditi surname: Chandra fullname: Chandra, Aditi – sequence: 5 givenname: Hélène C surname: Descamps fullname: Descamps, Hélène C – sequence: 6 givenname: Yaroslav surname: Kaminskiy fullname: Kaminskiy, Yaroslav – sequence: 7 givenname: Jacob T surname: Hamilton fullname: Hamilton, Jacob T – sequence: 8 givenname: Julia Han surname: Noll fullname: Noll, Julia Han – sequence: 9 givenname: Dalia K surname: Omran fullname: Omran, Dalia K – sequence: 10 givenname: Eric surname: Perkey fullname: Perkey, Eric – sequence: 11 givenname: Elizabeth M surname: Prager fullname: Prager, Elizabeth M – sequence: 12 givenname: Dana surname: Pueschl fullname: Pueschl, Dana – sequence: 13 givenname: Jennifer B surname: Shah fullname: Shah, Jennifer B – sequence: 14 givenname: Jake S surname: Shilan fullname: Shilan, Jake S – sequence: 15 givenname: Ashley N surname: Vanderbeck fullname: Vanderbeck, Ashley N |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. |
| CorporateAuthor | UPenn COVID Processing Unit |
| CorporateAuthor_xml | – name: UPenn COVID Processing Unit |
| DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1126/science.abc8511 |
| DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE MEDLINE - Academic |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | no_fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Sciences (General) Biology |
| EISSN | 1095-9203 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 32669297 |
| Genre | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article Observational Study Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: NCI NIH HHS grantid: F99 CA234842 – fundername: NIAID NIH HHS grantid: U19 AI082630 – fundername: NIAID NIH HHS grantid: R01 AI105343 – fundername: NIAMS NIH HHS grantid: T32 AR007442 – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: R38 HL143613 – fundername: NCI NIH HHS grantid: K00 CA234842 – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: R01 HL137915 – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: R01 HL137006 – fundername: NIAMS NIH HHS grantid: T32 AR076951 – fundername: NCI NIH HHS grantid: T32 CA009140 |
| GroupedDBID | --- --Z -DZ -ET -~X .-4 ..I .55 .DC 08G 0R~ 0WA 123 18M 2FS 2KS 2WC 2XV 34G 36B 39C 3R3 53G 5RE 66. 6OB 6TJ 7X2 7~K 85S 8F7 AABCJ AACGO AAIKC AAMNW AANCE AAWTO ABCQX ABDBF ABDEX ABDQB ABEFU ABIVO ABJNI ABOCM ABPLY ABPPZ ABQIJ ABTLG ABWJO ABZEH ACBEA ACBEC ACGFO ACGFS ACGOD ACIWK ACMJI ACNCT ACPRK ACQOY ACUHS ADDRP ADUKH ADXHL AEGBM AENEX AETEA AFBNE AFFNX AFHKK AFQFN AFRAH AGNAY AGSOS AHMBA AIDAL AIDUJ AJGZS ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALSLI ASPBG AVWKF BKF BLC C45 CGR CS3 CUY CVF DB2 DU5 EBS ECM EIF EMOBN F5P FA8 FEDTE HZ~ I.T IAO IEA IGS IH2 IHR INH INR IOF IOV IPO IPY ISE JCF JLS JSG JST K-O KCC L7B LSO LU7 M0P MQT MVM N9A NEJ NHB NPM O9- OCB OFXIZ OGEVE OMK OVD P-O P2P PQQKQ PZZ RHI RXW SC5 SJN TAE TEORI TN5 TWZ UBW UCV UHB UKR UMD UNMZH UQL USG VVN WH7 WI4 X7M XJF XZL Y6R YK4 YKV YNT YOJ YR2 YR5 YRY YSQ YV5 YWH YYP YZZ ZCA ZE2 ~02 ~G0 ~KM ~ZZ 7X8 AEUPB |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-67bb7665b4f7c5fdaf8c0f5c424a6e01bfc761cf8c4401555a6b50cf69fdceda2 |
| IEDL.DBID | 7X8 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 931 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000567525400046&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 1095-9203 |
| IngestDate | Thu Oct 02 11:22:19 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 05:50:55 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | false |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 6508 |
| Language | English |
| License | Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c449t-67bb7665b4f7c5fdaf8c0f5c424a6e01bfc761cf8c4401555a6b50cf69fdceda2 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3713-338X 0000-0003-2112-8102 0000-0002-9435-9764 0000-0002-0224-0097 0000-0002-1416-1230 0000-0003-0477-1956 0000-0002-1168-4773 0000-0002-8839-5208 0000-0003-4597-5584 0000-0002-8323-7358 0000-0001-7005-3800 0000-0002-8917-4845 0000-0002-7187-304X 0000-0002-2614-3072 0000-0003-2785-7445 0000-0001-9400-6240 0000-0003-0774-8137 0000-0002-6933-0548 0000-0002-0390-6786 0000-0003-2177-5633 0000-0002-2928-7506 0000-0001-6665-4865 0000-0002-1555-0713 0000-0002-9302-8904 0000-0003-4062-1605 0000-0002-7690-1484 0000-0003-1410-9931 0000-0002-2432-9500 0000-0003-2882-1962 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc8511 |
| PMID | 32669297 |
| PQID | 2424441712 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_2424441712 pubmed_primary_32669297 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2020-09-04 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2020-09-04 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 09 year: 2020 text: 2020-09-04 day: 04 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | United States |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States |
| PublicationTitle | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Science |
| PublicationYear | 2020 |
| References | 32511371 - bioRxiv. 2020 May 23:2020.05.20.106401. doi: 10.1101/2020.05.20.106401 |
| References_xml | – reference: 32511371 - bioRxiv. 2020 May 23:2020.05.20.106401. doi: 10.1101/2020.05.20.106401 |
| SSID | ssj0009593 |
| Score | 2.7397718 |
| Snippet | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a global pandemic, but human immune responses to the virus remain poorly understood. We used high-dimensional... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database |
| SubjectTerms | Adaptive Immunity Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Antibodies, Viral - blood B-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology B-Lymphocytes - immunology Betacoronavirus - immunology CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology Coronavirus Infections - immunology COVID-19 Cytokines - blood Female Humans Immunologic Memory Lymphocyte Activation Male Middle Aged Pandemics Plasma Cells - immunology Pneumonia, Viral - immunology SARS-CoV-2 Severity of Illness Index T-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology T-Lymphocytes - immunology T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer - immunology Time Factors Young Adult |
| Title | Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals distinct immunotypes with therapeutic implications |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32669297 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2424441712 |
| Volume | 369 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000567525400046&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3NS8MwFA_qFLyom1_ziwge9FDtR5o2J5HNoaBzB5XdRpLmwS7ttFPwvzevzdgQBMFLDy2B9vXl5Zf38n4_Qs6ESgFJRDyIpPCYMsqTsZ2PIFWEBFEZg6pR-CHp99PhUAxcwq10xypnMbEK1FmhMUd-hW0MKJcVhNeTNw9Vo7C66iQ0lkkjslAGj3Qlw_Qn6W7gox5h6EeO2mehaeZSKo2Y43d8Wa0zvc3_vuEW2XAIk97ULtEkSyZvkbVac_KrRZpuNpf03FFOX2wT0zVmQsfYK2JoLeNtlzRaAO08vd53vUBQR8BaUuR8sj5LM4wOuZ7WwwrM5ZYU07p0oafLPpwXyHfIS-_2uXPnOQEGTzMmph5PlEo4jxWDRMeQSUi1D7G2Hyq58QMFOuGBtncZQ-wVS65iXwMXkGmTyXCXrORFbvYJhSzSqQAWKmNYavdgqYg1SB9Eyo2N1m1yOjPqyDo4Vi1kboqPcjQ3a5vs1X9mNKmZOEYWe3KL75KDP4w-JOsh7pWrYtARaYA1lTkmq_pzOi7fTyrPsdf-4PEb26_RDw |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Deep+immune+profiling+of+COVID-19+patients+reveals+distinct+immunotypes+with+therapeutic+implications&rft.jtitle=Science+%28American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science%29&rft.au=Mathew%2C+Divij&rft.au=Giles%2C+Josephine+R&rft.au=Baxter%2C+Amy+E&rft.au=Oldridge%2C+Derek+A&rft.date=2020-09-04&rft.eissn=1095-9203&rft.volume=369&rft.issue=6508&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.abc8511&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32669297&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32669297&rft.externalDocID=32669297 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1095-9203&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1095-9203&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1095-9203&client=summon |