APOE ε4 carrier status moderates the effect of lifestyle factors on cognitive reserve

INTRODUCTION This study examines the role of lifestyle factors in cognitive reserve among older adults, focusing on the moderating effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status. METHODS Data from 157 participants aged 45 and older from the Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) were analyzed. Cognitive reserv...

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Published in:Alzheimer's & dementia Vol. 20; no. 11; pp. 8062 - 8073
Main Authors: O'Shea, Deirdre M., Zhang, Andrea S., Rader, Katana, Shakour, Rebecca L., Besser, Lilah, Galvin, James E.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States John Wiley and Sons Inc 01.11.2024
Subjects:
Aged
Alzheimer's disease
APOE ε4 status
Apolipoprotein E4 - genetics
Brain
cognitive function
cognitive reserve
Cognitive Reserve - physiology
Female
Heterozygote
Humans
Life Style
lifestyle factors
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Middle Aged
Mindfulness
Neuropsychological Tests - statistics & numerical data
APOE ε4 status
cognitive function
lifestyle factors
Alzheimer's disease
cognitive reserve
ISSN:1552-5260, 1552-5279, 1552-5279
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:INTRODUCTION This study examines the role of lifestyle factors in cognitive reserve among older adults, focusing on the moderating effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status. METHODS Data from 157 participants aged 45 and older from the Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) were analyzed. Cognitive reserve was estimated using residual scores from Cognivue Clarity tests after accounting for brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Lifestyle factors included education, occupational attainment, physical activity, social engagement, diet, and mindfulness. Structural equation models were conducted to assess interactions. RESULTS Significant interactions were found between APOE ε4 status and mindfulness and social engagement on cognitive reserve, indicating stronger associations for APOE ε4 carriers. DISCUSSION APOE ε4 carriers may benefit more from certain lifestyle factors, potentially through stress reduction and anti‐inflammatory pathways. These findings support integrating APOE ε4 genetic screening into personalized prevention strategies to enhance interventions aimed at preserving cognitive function and delaying dementia onset in at‐risk populations. Highlights Mindfulness and social engagement have increased cognitive reserve in APOE ε4 carriers. Study uses residual scores from Cognivue Clarity tests to estimate cognitive reserve. APOE ε4 carriers show stronger associations with certain lifestyle factors on cognitive reserve. Personalized interventions could enhance cognitive resilience in genetically at‐risk populations. Comprehensive assessment of multiple lifestyle factors highlights targeted intervention benefits.
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ISSN:1552-5260
1552-5279
1552-5279
DOI:10.1002/alz.14304