The Problem Of The Color Line: Spatial Access To Hospital Services For Minoritized Racial And Ethnic Groups

Examining how spatial access to health care varies across geography is key to documenting structural inequalities in the United States. In this article and the accompanying StoryMap, our team identified ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs) with the largest share of minoritized racial and ethnic populat...

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Vydané v:	Health affairs (Millwood, Va.) Ročník 41; číslo 2; s. 237 - 15
Hlavní autori:	Eberth, Jan M, Hung, Peiyin, Benavidez, Gabriel A, Probst, Janice C, Zahnd, Whitney E, McNatt, Mary-Katherine, Toussaint, Ebony, Merrell, Melinda A, Crouch, Elizabeth, Oyesode, Oyeleye J, Yell, Nicholas
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	United States The People to People Health Foundation, Inc., Project HOPE 01.02.2022
Predmet:	African Americans American Indians Cardiac surgery Cultural differences Emergency medical services Emergency services Ethnic factors Ethnic groups Ethnicity Geography Gynecology Health care Health care access Health care policy Health policy Health services Hispanic Americans Housing Housing policy Indigenous peoples Inequality Intensive care Medicaid Medicare Minority & ethnic groups Native North Americans Obstetrics Outpatient care facilities Outpatient services Population Postal codes Public housing Race Racism Representations Residential patterns Rural areas Rural communities Segregation Surgery Systemic racism Tabulation Teams Trauma Underserved populations United States > US Alaska Mexico
ISSN:	0278-2715, 2694-233X, 1544-5208, 2694-233X
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Shrnutí:	Examining how spatial access to health care varies across geography is key to documenting structural inequalities in the United States. In this article and the accompanying StoryMap, our team identified ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs) with the largest share of minoritized racial and ethnic populations and measured distances to the nearest hospital offering emergency services, trauma care, obstetrics, outpatient surgery, intensive care, and cardiac care. In rural areas, ZCTAs with high Black or American Indian/Alaska Native representation were significantly farther from services than ZCTAs with high White representation. The opposite was true for urban ZCTAs, with high White ZCTAs being farther from most services. These patterns likely result from a combination of housing policies that restrict housing opportunities and federal health policies that are based on service provision rather than community need. The findings also illustrate the difficulty of using a single metric-distance-to investigate access to care on a national scale.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	0278-2715 2694-233X 1544-5208 2694-233X
DOI:	10.1377/hlthaff.2021.01409