Liposome‐Encapsulated Melatonin Mitigates Amoxicillin‐Induced Neurotoxicity in a Zebrafish

ABSTRACT Amoxicillin (Amx), a β‐Lactam antibiotic frequently used to treat bacterial infections, has been linked to neurological effects, including anxiety, hyperactivity, ambiguity, seizures, and behavioural changes. We examined the neurotoxic effects of Amx in zebrafish and investigated the potent...

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Vydáno v:	Journal of cellular and molecular medicine Ročník 29; číslo 22; s. e70969 - n/a
Hlavní autoři:	Balakrishnan, Ranjith, Subbarayan, Rajasekaran, Shrestha, Rupendra, Srinivasan, Dhasarathdev, Shrestha, Reena, Chauhan, Ankush, Murugan Girija, Dinesh
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.11.2025
Témata:	Amoxicillin Amoxicillin - adverse effects Amoxicillin - toxicity Animals Antibiotics Antioxidants - pharmacology Behavior, Animal - drug effects Bioavailability Brain - drug effects Brain - metabolism Brain - pathology Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Circadian rhythm Cytokines - metabolism Danio rerio Fourier transforms Gene expression Hyperactivity Hypotheses Ligands Liposomes Liposomes - chemistry Melatonin Melatonin - administration & dosage Melatonin - chemistry Melatonin - pharmacology Metabolism nanoformulation Nervous system Neurodegeneration Neuroprotection Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology Neurotoxicity Neurotoxicity Syndromes - drug therapy Neurotoxicity Syndromes - etiology Neurotoxicity Syndromes - metabolism Neurotoxicity Syndromes - pathology Nitric oxide Oxidative stress Oxidative Stress - drug effects Proteins Reactive oxygen species Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism Seizures Spectrum analysis Zebrafish γ-Aminobutyric acid γ-Aminobutyric acid receptors St Louis Missouri United States > US India amoxicillin nanoformulation neurotoxicity zebrafish melatonin liposomes
ISSN:	1582-1838, 1582-4934, 1582-4934
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Popis
Shrnutí:	ABSTRACT Amoxicillin (Amx), a β‐Lactam antibiotic frequently used to treat bacterial infections, has been linked to neurological effects, including anxiety, hyperactivity, ambiguity, seizures, and behavioural changes. We examined the neurotoxic effects of Amx in zebrafish and investigated the potential of liposome‐encapsulated melatonin (L‐Mel) as a therapeutic intervention. Computational studies have indicated that Amx and Mel interact with GABA receptors, suggesting the potential of L‐Mel in mitigating Amx‐induced neurological changes. Our findings demonstrated that the nanoformulated L‐Mel showed reduced toxicity in zebrafish larvae. Administration of L‐Mel to Amx‐affected zebrafish brain tissue significantly lowered the levels of reactive oxygen species, antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and nitric oxide), and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and NF‐kB), based on the fixed EC‐50. Behavioural assessments revealed that L‐Mel treatment notably enhanced the immobility time and swimming performance, improving the movement abilities of zebrafish with Amx‐induced neuroinflammation. Moreover, the GABA/glutamate levels in the neural tissues exhibited significant recovery in the L‐Mel group. Gene and protein analysis showed substantial increases in BDNF, CREBBP, ASCL, NF‐κB and GABA‐A R γ2 in L‐Mel treated subjects. Histopathological evaluation revealed that L‐Mel treatment markedly attenuated Amx‐induced neurotoxicity, as evidenced by reduced neuronal degeneration and necrosis in the brain tissue, indicating a pronounced neuroprotective effect. In conclusion, our research suggests that L‐Mel is a promising therapeutic agent for mitigating Amx‐induced neurotoxicity.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	1582-1838 1582-4934 1582-4934
DOI:	10.1111/jcmm.70969