Molecular control of normal and acrocona mutant seed cone development in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and the evolution of conifer ovule-bearing organs

Reproductive organs in seed plants are morphologically divergent and their evolutionary history is often unclear. The mechanisms controlling their development have been extensively studied in angiosperms but are poorly understood in conifers and other gymnosperms. Here, we address the molecular cont...

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Vydáno v:	The New phytologist Ročník 200; číslo 1; s. 261 - 275
Hlavní autoři:	Carlsbecker, Annelie, Sundstrom, Jens F, Englund, Marie, Uddenberg, Daniel, Izquierdo, Liz, Kvarnheden, Anders, Vergara-Silva, Francisco, Engstrom, Peter
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	England New Phytologist Trust 01.10.2013 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Témata:	Angiosperms Biological Evolution Body organs Bracts Cones conifer reproductive development Conifers Developmental Biology Developmental stages Divergence Evolution females Gene expression Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Genes Genes, Plant Genetic transformation Gymnosperms Homology Identification Integument LEAFY genes MADS Domain Proteins - genetics MADS-box genes Meristems Mutants Mutation Organogenesis, Plant - genetics Organs Ovule Ovules ovuliferous scale Paleozoic Paleozoic era Picea - genetics Picea - growth & development Picea abies Picea abies var. acrocona Pine trees Plant Biotechnology Plant Development - genetics Plant Proteins - genetics Plant reproduction Plant reproductive structures Plant Shoots - growth & development Plant Structures - growth & development Plants regulator genes Reproduction - genetics Seeds Tracheophyta - genetics Tracheophyta - growth & development Transcription activation Utvecklingsbiologi Växtbioteknologi MADS-box genes Picea abies var. acrocona LEAFY genes ovule conifer reproductive development ovuliferous scale
ISSN:	0028-646X, 1469-8137, 1469-8137
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Shrnutí:	Reproductive organs in seed plants are morphologically divergent and their evolutionary history is often unclear. The mechanisms controlling their development have been extensively studied in angiosperms but are poorly understood in conifers and other gymnosperms. Here, we address the molecular control of seed cone development in Norway spruce, Picea abies. We present expression analyses of five novel MADS-box genes in comparison with previously identified MADS and LEAFY genes at distinct developmental stages. In addition, we have characterized the homeotic transformation from vegetative shoot to female cone and associated changes in regulatory gene expression patterns occurring in the acrocona mutant. The analyses identified genes active at the onset of ovuliferous and ovule development and identified expression patterns marking distinct domains of the ovuliferous scale. The reproductive transformation in acrocona involves the activation of all tested genes normally active in early cone development, except for an AGAMOUS-LIKE6/SEPALLATA (AGL6/SEP) homologue. This absence may be functionally associated with the nondeterminate development of the acrocona ovule-bearing scales. Our morphological and gene expression analyses give support to the hypothesis that the modern cone is a complex structure, and the ovuliferous scale the result of reductions and compactions of an ovule-bearing axillary short shoot in cones of Paleozoic conifers.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	0028-646X 1469-8137 1469-8137
DOI:	10.1111/nph.12360