Barley guanine nucleotide exchange factor HvGEF14 is an activator of the susceptibility factor HvRACB and supports host cell entry by Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei

In barley (Hordeum vulgare), signalling rat sarcoma homolog (RHO) of plants guanosine triphosphate hydrolases (ROP GTPases) support the penetration success of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei but little is known about ROP activation. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) facilitate the exchange...

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Published in:Molecular plant pathology Vol. 23; no. 10; pp. 1524 - 1537
Main Authors: Trutzenberg, Adriana, Engelhardt, Stefan, Weiß, Lukas, Hückelhoven, Ralph
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.10.2022
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects:
Amino acids
Analysis
Annotations
Ascomycota
Barley
Binding
Blumeria graminis
Cdc42 protein
Domains
epidermis
Exchanging
fluorescence lifetime imaging
Fungi
G proteins
Gene expression
Gene regulation
Genomes
Guanine
Guanine nucleotide exchange factor
guanine nucleotide exchange factors
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors - genetics
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors - metabolism
Guanosine triphosphate
Guanosine Triphosphate - metabolism
guanosinetriphosphatase
Homology
Hordeum - microbiology
Hordeum vulgare
Inoculation
Kinases
leaves
Nucleotides
Original
Pathogens
Penetration
Penetration resistance
Phosphorylation
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Plant Diseases - microbiology
plant pathology
Plant Proteins - genetics
Plant Proteins - metabolism
plant‐specific ROP nucleotide exchanger
powdery mildew
Proteins
rats
resistance to penetration
RHO of plants
RNA-mediated interference
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism
Sarcoma
Signal transduction
Signaling
Susceptibility
transcription (genetics)
Trees
Virus Internalization
Yeast
yeasts
powdery mildew
RHO of plants
fluorescence lifetime imaging
plant-specific ROP nucleotide exchanger
penetration resistance
barley
epidermis
ISSN:1464-6722, 1364-3703, 1364-3703
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:In barley (Hordeum vulgare), signalling rat sarcoma homolog (RHO) of plants guanosine triphosphate hydrolases (ROP GTPases) support the penetration success of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei but little is known about ROP activation. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) facilitate the exchange of ROP‐bound GDP for GTP and thereby turn ROPs into a signalling‐activated ROP‐GTP state. Plants possess a unique class of GEFs harbouring a plant‐specific ROP nucleotide exchanger domain (PRONE). Here, we performed phylogenetic analyses and annotated barley PRONE‐GEFs. The leaf epidermal‐expressed PRONE‐GEF HvGEF14 undergoes a transcriptional down‐regulation on inoculation with B. graminis f. sp. hordei and directly interacts with the ROP GTPase and susceptibility factor HvRACB in yeast and in planta. Overexpression of activated HvRACB or of HvGEF14 led to the recruitment of ROP downstream interactor HvRIC171 to the cell periphery. HvGEF14 further supported direct interaction of HvRACB with a HvRACB‐GTP‐binding CRIB (Cdc42/Rac Interactive Binding motif) domain‐containing HvRIC171 truncation. Finally, the overexpression of HvGEF14 caused enhanced susceptibility to fungal entry, while HvGEF14 RNAi provoked a trend to more penetration resistance. HvGEF14 might therefore play a role in the activation of HvRACB in barley epidermal cells during fungal penetration. The PRONE‐domain guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF14 may activate the ROP GTPase RACB for recruitment of downstream factors during fungal invasion into barley. epidermal cells.
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ISSN:1464-6722
1364-3703
1364-3703
DOI:10.1111/mpp.13246