Metabolic Effects of Aerobic Training and Resistance Training in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects: A randomized controlled trial (the RAED2 study)

OBJECTIVE: To assess differences between the effects of aerobic and resistance training on HbA1c (primary outcome) and several metabolic risk factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes, and to identify predictors of exercise-induced metabolic improvement. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Type 2 diabetic p...

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Vydané v:	Diabetes care Ročník 35; číslo 4; s. 676 - 682
Hlavní autori:	Bacchi, Elisabetta, Negri, Carlo, Zanolin, Maria Elisabetta, Milanese, Chiara, Faccioli, Niccolò, Trombetta, Maddalena, Zoppini, Giacomo, Cevese, Antonio, Bonadonna, Riccardo C, Schena, Federico, Bonora, Enzo, Lanza, Massimo, Moghetti, Paolo
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Alexandria, VA American Diabetes Association 01.04.2012
Predmet:	abdominal fat adipose tissue Adult adverse effects Aged analysis Biological and medical sciences blood Blood Glucose Blood Glucose - analysis Blood Glucose - metabolism Cholesterol Combined Modality Therapy Dextrose Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - therapy Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry Eating Eating - physiology Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) Endocrinopathies Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance Exercise Exercise - physiology Exercise Therapy Exercise Therapy - adverse effects Exercise Therapy - methods Female Glucose glucose tolerance glycohemoglobin Humans Insulin Insulin resistance Insulin Resistance - physiology islets of Langerhans magnetic resonance imaging Male Medical research Medical sciences Medicine, Experimental Metabolic diseases metabolism methods Middle Aged Miscellaneous multivariate analysis noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus Original Research oxygen consumption patients phenotype Physical Fitness Physical Fitness - physiology Physiological aspects physiology Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine randomized clinical trials Resistance Training Resistance Training - adverse effects Resistance Training - methods risk factors strength training Studies therapy Type 2 diabetes Weight training Endocrinopathy Type 2 diabetes Human Resistance Randomization Nutrition Randomised controlled trial Clinical trial Metabolic diseases Metabolism Endocrinology
ISSN:	0149-5992, 1935-5548, 1935-5548
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Shrnutí:	OBJECTIVE: To assess differences between the effects of aerobic and resistance training on HbA1c (primary outcome) and several metabolic risk factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes, and to identify predictors of exercise-induced metabolic improvement. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Type 2 diabetic patients (n = 40) were randomly assigned to aerobic training or resistance training. Before and after 4 months of intervention, metabolic phenotypes (including HbA1c, glucose clamp–measured insulin sensitivity, and oral glucose tolerance test–assessed β-cell function), body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue by magnetic resonance imaging, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscular strength were measured. RESULTS: After training, increase in peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) was greater in the aerobic group (time-by-group interaction P = 0.045), whereas increase in strength was greater in the resistance group (time-by-group interaction P < 0.0001). HbA1c was similarly reduced in both groups (–0.40% [95% CI –0.61 to –0.18] vs. –0.35% [–0.59 to –0.10], respectively). Total and truncal fat, VAT, and SAT were also similarly reduced in both groups, whereas insulin sensitivity and lean limb mass were similarly increased. β-Cell function showed no significant changes. In multivariate analyses, improvement in HbA1c after training was independently predicted by baseline HbA1c and by changes in VO2peak and truncal fat. CONCLUSIONS: Resistance training, similarly to aerobic training, improves metabolic features and insulin sensitivity and reduces abdominal fat in type 2 diabetic patients. Changes after training in VO2peak and truncal fat may be primary determinants of exercise-induced metabolic improvement.
Bibliografia:	http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc11-1655 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3
ISSN:	0149-5992 1935-5548 1935-5548
DOI:	10.2337/dc11-1655