Vascular Factors and Multiple Measures of Early Brain Health: CARDIA Brain MRI Study

To identify early changes in brain structure and function that are associated with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). Cross-sectional brain Magnetic Resonance I (MRI) study. Community based cohort in three U.S. sites. A Caucasian and African-American sub-sample (n= 680; mean age 50.3 yrs) attending...

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Published in:PloS one Vol. 10; no. 3; p. e0122138
Main Authors: Launer, Lenore J., Lewis, Cora E., Schreiner, Pamela J., Sidney, Steve, Battapady, Harsha, Jacobs, David R., Lim, Kelvin O., D’Esposito, Mark, Zhang, Qian, Reis, Jared, Davatzikos, Christos, Bryan, R. Nick
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Public Library of Science 26.03.2015
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Adults
African Americans
Aging
Anisotropy
Blood flow
Blood pressure
Body mass
Brain
Brain - blood supply
Brain - pathology
Brain - physiopathology
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Cardiovascular Diseases - pathology
Cerebral blood flow
Cerebrospinal fluid
Cognition
Cognitive ability
Cohort Studies
Coronary artery
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dementia
Dementia disorders
Demographics
Design factors
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Disease prevention
Epidemiology
Executive function
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Functional anatomy
Health risks
Humans
Hypertension
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Laboratories
Magnetic resonance
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Memory
Middle age
Middle Aged
Morphology
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Perfusion
Physiology
Public health
Review boards
Risk analysis
Risk Factors
Smoking
Structure-function relationships
Studies
Substantia alba
Substantia grisea
Systematic review
United States - epidemiology
Young Adult
Young adults
United States
Northern California
New York
California
United States > US
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Summary:To identify early changes in brain structure and function that are associated with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). Cross-sectional brain Magnetic Resonance I (MRI) study. Community based cohort in three U.S. sites. A Caucasian and African-American sub-sample (n= 680; mean age 50.3 yrs) attending the 25 year follow-up exam of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. 3T brain MR images processed for quantitative estimates of: total brain (TBV) and abnormal white matter (AWM) volume; white matter fractional anisotropy (WM-FA); and gray matter cerebral blood flow (GM-CBF). Total intracranial volume is TBV plus cerebral spinal fluid (TICV). A Global Cognitive Function (GCF) score was derived from tests of speed, memory and executive function. Adjusting for TICV and demographic factors, current smoking was significantly associated with lower GM-CBF and TBV, and more AWM (all <0.05); SA with lower GM-CBF, WM-FA and TBV (p=0.01); increasing BMI with decreasing GM-CBF (p<0003); hypertension with lower GM-CBF, WM-FA, and TBV and higher AWM (all <0.05); and diabetes with lower TBV (p=0.007). The GCS was lower as TBV decreased, AWM increased, and WM-FA (all p<0.01). In middle age adults, CVRF are associated with brain health, reflected in MRI measures of structure and perfusion, and cognitive functioning. These findings suggest markers of mid-life cardiovascular and brain health should be considered as indication for early intervention and future risk of late-life cerebrovascular disease and dementia.
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Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Conceived and designed the experiments: LJL CEL PJS SSCD RNB. Performed the experiments: KOL MDE CEL PJS SS. Analyzed the data: HB QZ DJ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HB CD RNB. Wrote the paper: LJL CEL PJS SS RNB JR.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0122138