Biodiversity mediates top–down control in eelgrass ecosystems: a global comparative‐experimental approach

Nutrient pollution and reduced grazing each can stimulate algal blooms as shown by numerous experiments. But because experiments rarely incorporate natural variation in environmental factors and biodiversity, conditions determining the relative strength of bottom–up and top–down forcing remain unres...

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Vydáno v:	Ecology letters Ročník 18; číslo 7; s. 696 - 705
Hlavní autoři:	Duffy, J. Emmett, Reynolds, Pamela L, Boström, Christoffer, Coyer, James A, Cusson, Mathieu, Donadi, Serena, Douglass, James G, Eklöf, Johan S, Engelen, Aschwin H, Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fredriksen, Stein, Gamfeldt, Lars, Gustafsson, Camilla, Hoarau, Galice, Hori, Masakazu, Hovel, Kevin, Iken, Katrin, Lefcheck, Jonathan S, Moksnes, Per‐Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I, Olsen, Jeanine L, Richardson, J. Paul, Ruesink, Jennifer L, Sotka, Erik E, Thormar, Jonas, Whalen, Matthew A, Stachowicz, John J, Worm, Boris
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	England Blackwell Science 01.07.2015 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Témata:	Algae algae control Algal blooms Animals Biodiversity Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning Biomass bottom-up control COMMUNITY coordinated experiments Crustacea DIVERSITY Ecosystems Environmental factors Environmental gradient Environmental Sciences EUTROPHICATION Experiments Food Chain food webs FUNCTIONAL-ROLE Gastropoda Genotype global change Grazing Herbivory metabolic ecology Microalgae MICROSATELLITE LOCI Miljövetenskap Models, Biological NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT Nutrient pollution Nutrients pollution Pollution control Population Dynamics POPULATIONS SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEM seagrasses structural equation modelling top-down control TROPHIC INTERACTIONS ZOSTERA-MARINA Zosteraceae - genetics Zosteraceae - physiology coordinated experiments structural equation modelling top-down control food webs Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning metabolic ecology bottom-up control
ISSN:	1461-023X, 1461-0248, 1461-0248
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Shrnutí:	Nutrient pollution and reduced grazing each can stimulate algal blooms as shown by numerous experiments. But because experiments rarely incorporate natural variation in environmental factors and biodiversity, conditions determining the relative strength of bottom–up and top–down forcing remain unresolved. We factorially added nutrients and reduced grazing at 15 sites across the range of the marine foundation species eelgrass (Zostera marina) to quantify how top–down and bottom–up control interact with natural gradients in biodiversity and environmental forcing. Experiments confirmed modest top–down control of algae, whereas fertilisation had no general effect. Unexpectedly, grazer and algal biomass were better predicted by cross‐site variation in grazer and eelgrass diversity than by global environmental gradients. Moreover, these large‐scale patterns corresponded strikingly with prior small‐scale experiments. Our results link global and local evidence that biodiversity and top–down control strongly influence functioning of threatened seagrass ecosystems, and suggest that biodiversity is comparably important to global change stressors.
Bibliografie:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.12448 National Science Foundation - No. OCE-1031061 ark:/67375/WNG-FV3G1W9Q-2 istex:661EFE6C82406A9A9D55F0A200F3242E9F5DC443 ArticleID:ELE12448 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	1461-023X 1461-0248 1461-0248
DOI:	10.1111/ele.12448