Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats

Bacteria are essential parts of ecosystems and are the most diverse organisms on the planet. Yet, we still do not know which habitats support the highest diversity of bacteria across multiple scales. We analyzed alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacterial assemblages using 11,680 samples compile...

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Vydané v:PloS one Ročník 15; číslo 9; s. e0233872
Hlavní autori: Walters, Kendra E., Martiny, Jennifer B. H.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States Public Library of Science 23.09.2020
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Predmet:
Agricultural land
Bacteria
Bacteria - classification
BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Biodiversity
Biofilms
Biology and Life Sciences
Biotic communities
Community composition
Databases, Genetic
Datasets
Deserts
Distribution
Earth
Earth Sciences
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Ecosystem
Ecosystems
Evolutionary biology
Geographical locations
Grasslands
Habitats
Heterogeneity
Identification and classification
Influence
Inland waters
Metadata
Microbial mats
Microbiomes
Microbiota
Regression analysis
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
Sediments
Soil Microbiology
Soil microorganisms
Soils
Species diversity
Trends
Tundra
Brazil
United States > US
California
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Abstract Bacteria are essential parts of ecosystems and are the most diverse organisms on the planet. Yet, we still do not know which habitats support the highest diversity of bacteria across multiple scales. We analyzed alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacterial assemblages using 11,680 samples compiled by the Earth Microbiome Project. We found that soils contained the highest bacterial richness within a single sample (alpha-diversity), but sediment assemblages displayed the highest gamma-diversity. Sediment, biofilms/mats, and inland water exhibited the most variation in community composition among geographic locations (beta-diversity). Within soils, agricultural lands, hot deserts, grasslands, and shrublands contained the highest richness, while forests, cold deserts, and tundra biomes consistently harbored fewer bacterial species. Surprisingly, agricultural soils encompassed similar levels of beta-diversity as other soil biomes. These patterns were robust to the alpha- and beta- diversity metrics used and the taxonomic binning approach. Overall, the results support the idea that spatial environmental heterogeneity is an important driver of bacterial diversity.
AbstractList Bacteria are essential parts of ecosystems and are the most diverse organisms on the planet. Yet, we still do not know which habitats support the highest diversity of bacteria across multiple scales. We analyzed alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacterial assemblages using 11,680 samples compiled by the Earth Microbiome Project. We found that soils contained the highest bacterial richness within a single sample (alpha-diversity), but sediment assemblages displayed the highest gamma-diversity. Sediment, biofilms/mats, and inland water exhibited the most variation in community composition among geographic locations (beta-diversity). Within soils, agricultural lands, hot deserts, grasslands, and shrublands contained the highest richness, while forests, cold deserts, and tundra biomes consistently harbored fewer bacterial species. Surprisingly, agricultural soils encompassed similar levels of beta-diversity as other soil biomes. These patterns were robust to the alpha- and beta- diversity metrics used and the taxonomic binning approach. Overall, the results support the idea that spatial environmental heterogeneity is an important driver of bacterial diversity.
Bacteria are essential parts of ecosystems and are the most diverse organisms on the planet. Yet, we still do not know which habitats support the highest diversity of bacteria across multiple scales. We analyzed alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacterial assemblages using 11,680 samples compiled by the Earth Microbiome Project. We found that soils contained the highest bacterial richness within a single sample (alpha-diversity), but sediment assemblages displayed the highest gamma-diversity. Sediment, biofilms/mats, and inland water exhibited the most variation in community composition among geographic locations (beta-diversity). Within soils, agricultural lands, hot deserts, grasslands, and shrublands contained the highest richness, while forests, cold deserts, and tundra biomes consistently harbored fewer bacterial species. Surprisingly, agricultural soils encompassed similar levels of beta-diversity as other soil biomes. These patterns were robust to the alpha- and beta- diversity metrics used and the taxonomic binning approach. Overall, the results support the idea that spatial environmental heterogeneity is an important driver of bacterial diversity.Bacteria are essential parts of ecosystems and are the most diverse organisms on the planet. Yet, we still do not know which habitats support the highest diversity of bacteria across multiple scales. We analyzed alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacterial assemblages using 11,680 samples compiled by the Earth Microbiome Project. We found that soils contained the highest bacterial richness within a single sample (alpha-diversity), but sediment assemblages displayed the highest gamma-diversity. Sediment, biofilms/mats, and inland water exhibited the most variation in community composition among geographic locations (beta-diversity). Within soils, agricultural lands, hot deserts, grasslands, and shrublands contained the highest richness, while forests, cold deserts, and tundra biomes consistently harbored fewer bacterial species. Surprisingly, agricultural soils encompassed similar levels of beta-diversity as other soil biomes. These patterns were robust to the alpha- and beta- diversity metrics used and the taxonomic binning approach. Overall, the results support the idea that spatial environmental heterogeneity is an important driver of bacterial diversity.
Audience Academic
Author Walters, Kendra E.
Martiny, Jennifer B. H.
AuthorAffiliation Universidade Estadual de Goias - Campus de Ciencias Exatas e Tecnologicas Henrique Santillo, BRAZIL
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: Universidade Estadual de Goias - Campus de Ciencias Exatas e Tecnologicas Henrique Santillo, BRAZIL
– name: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Kendra E.
  orcidid: 0000-0003-2596-9435
  surname: Walters
  fullname: Walters, Kendra E.
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Jennifer B. H.
  surname: Martiny
  fullname: Martiny, Jennifer B. H.
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32966309$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1664574$$D View this record in Osti.gov
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science
2020 Walters, Martiny. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
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Snippet Bacteria are essential parts of ecosystems and are the most diverse organisms on the planet. Yet, we still do not know which habitats support the highest...
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SubjectTerms Agricultural land
Bacteria
Bacteria - classification
BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Biodiversity
Biofilms
Biology and Life Sciences
Biotic communities
Community composition
Databases, Genetic
Datasets
Deserts
Distribution
Earth
Earth Sciences
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Ecosystem
Ecosystems
Evolutionary biology
Geographical locations
Grasslands
Habitats
Heterogeneity
Identification and classification
Influence
Inland waters
Metadata
Microbial mats
Microbiomes
Microbiota
Regression analysis
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
Sediments
Soil Microbiology
Soil microorganisms
Soils
Species diversity
Trends
Tundra
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Title Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats
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