Mesenchymal stem cell-based cell-free strategies: safe and effective treatments for liver injury

Various hepatoxic factors, such as viruses, drugs, lipid deposition, and autoimmune responses, induce acute or chronic liver injury, and 3.5% of all worldwide deaths result from liver cirrhosis, liver failure, or hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver transplantation is currently limited by few liver donor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Stem cell research & therapy Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 1 - 12
Main Authors: Hu, Chenxia, Zhao, Lingfei, Zhang, Lingjian, Bao, Qiongling, Li, Lanjuan
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 03.09.2020
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects:
Adenosine triphosphate
Analysis
Apoptosis
Autoimmunity
Autophagy
Bile
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell Biology
Cell death
Cell differentiation
Cell migration
Cell therapy
Cell-free
Chromatography
Cirrhosis
Cytokines
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Disease transmission
DNA
Extracellular vesicles
Graft rejection
Health aspects
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatocytes
Homeostasis
Immunoregulation
Immunosuppressive agents
Ischemia
Kinases
Life Sciences
Lipids
Liver cancer
Liver cirrhosis
Liver diseases
Liver failure
Liver injury
Liver transplantation
Medical research
Mesenchymal stem cell
Mesenchymal stem cells
Nucleic acids
Organ donors
Paracrine signalling
Personal injuries
Physiological aspects
Proteins
Regenerative medicine
Regenerative Medicine/Tissue Engineering
Review
Secretome
Stem cell transplantation
Stem Cells
Transcription factors
Treatment
Tumorigenicity
Viral infections
Mesenchymal stem cell
Cell-free
Treatment
Cell death
Liver injury
ISSN:1757-6512, 1757-6512
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Various hepatoxic factors, such as viruses, drugs, lipid deposition, and autoimmune responses, induce acute or chronic liver injury, and 3.5% of all worldwide deaths result from liver cirrhosis, liver failure, or hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver transplantation is currently limited by few liver donors, expensive surgical costs, and severe immune rejection. Cell therapy, including hepatocyte transplantation and stem cell transplantation, has recently become an attractive option to reduce the overall need for liver transplantation and reduce the wait time for patients. Recent studies showed that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration was a promising therapeutic approach for promoting liver regeneration and repairing liver injury by the migration of cells into liver sites, hepatogenic differentiation, immunoregulation, and paracrine mechanisms. MSCs secrete a large number of molecules into the extracellular space, and soluble proteins, free nucleic acids, lipids, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) effectively repair tissue injury in response to fluctuations in physiological states or pathological conditions. Cell-free-based therapies avoid the potential tumorigenicity, rejection of cells, emboli formation, undesired differentiation, and infection transmission of MSC transplantation. In this review, we focus on the potential mechanisms of MSC-based cell-free strategies for attenuating liver injury in various liver diseases. Secretome-mediated paracrine effects participate in the regulation of the hepatic immune microenvironment and promotion of hepatic epithelial repair. We look forward to completely reversing liver injury through an MSC-based cell-free strategy in regenerative medicine in the near future.
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ISSN:1757-6512
1757-6512
DOI:10.1186/s13287-020-01895-1