The impact of diabetes on cognitive decline: potential vascular, metabolic, and psychosocial risk factors

Older people with type 2 diabetes are at increased risk of developing cognitive impairment, for which several potential risk factors have been proposed. The present article reviews evidence in people with type 2 diabetes for associations of cognitive impairment with a range of vascular, metabolic, a...

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Published in:Alzheimer's research & therapy Vol. 7; no. 1; p. 46
Main Authors: Feinkohl, Insa, Price, Jackie F., Strachan, Mark W.J., Frier, Brian M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 10.06.2015
BioMed Central Ltd
Subjects:
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Development and progression
Diabetics
Geriatric Psychiatry
Geriatrics/Gerontology
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Neurology
Neurosciences
Psychological aspects
Review
Risk factors
Type 2 diabetes
Glycemic Control
Cognitive Decline
Hypoglycemia
Cognitive Impairment
Peripheral Arterial Disease
ISSN:1758-9193, 1758-9193
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Older people with type 2 diabetes are at increased risk of developing cognitive impairment, for which several potential risk factors have been proposed. The present article reviews evidence in people with type 2 diabetes for associations of cognitive impairment with a range of vascular, metabolic, and psychosocial risk factors, many of which have a higher prevalence in people with type 2 diabetes than in non-diabetic adults of a similar age. Definitive research studies in this field are few in number. The risk factors may be involved in causal pathways or may act as useful markers of cerebrovascular damage (or both), and for which relatively consistent evidence is available, include poor glycemic control, hypoglycemia, microvascular disease, inflammation, and depression. For macrovascular disease, the strength of the association with cognitive impairment appears to depend on which vascular system has been examined. A role for pre-morbid ability in young adulthood as influencing the risk of both diabetes and cognitive impairment has also been suggested. The importance of considering inter-relationships between risk factors when investigating their potential contribution to cognitive impairment in future investigations is discussed.
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ISSN:1758-9193
1758-9193
DOI:10.1186/s13195-015-0130-5