Mediterranean diet and health status: an updated meta-analysis and a proposal for a literature-based adherence score

To update previous meta-analyses of cohort studies that investigated the association between the Mediterranean diet and health status and to utilize data coming from all of the cohort studies for proposing a literature-based adherence score to the Mediterranean diet. We conducted a comprehensive lit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Public health nutrition Vol. 17; no. 12; pp. 2769 - 2782
Main Authors: Sofi, Francesco, Macchi, Claudio, Abbate, Rosanna, Gensini, Gian Franco, Casini, Alessandro
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.12.2014
Subjects:
Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding
Alzheimer's disease
Biological and medical sciences
Cardiovascular Diseases - mortality
Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control
Cohort analysis
Diet
Diet, Mediterranean
Disease
eating habits
Environment. Living conditions
Feeding Behavior
Food groups
Health Status
Humans
Medical sciences
Mediterranean diet
Meta-analysis
Miscellaneous
morbidity
Mortality
Neoplasms - mortality
Neoplasms - prevention & control
Nutrition and Health
Nutrition research
nutritive value
prospective studies
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
relative risk
risk reduction
Systematic review
United States > US
MED
Score
Update
Mediterranean diet
Meta-analysis
Health status
Literature
Health
Evidence-based practice
Treatment compliance
Adhesion
Evidence-based medicine
Metaanalysis
ISSN:1368-9800, 1475-2727, 1475-2727
Online Access:Get full text
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Description
Summary:To update previous meta-analyses of cohort studies that investigated the association between the Mediterranean diet and health status and to utilize data coming from all of the cohort studies for proposing a literature-based adherence score to the Mediterranean diet. We conducted a comprehensive literature search through all electronic databases up to June 2013. Cohort prospective studies investigating adherence to the Mediterranean diet and health outcomes. Cut-off values of food groups used to compute the adherence score were obtained. The updated search was performed in an overall population of 4 172 412 subjects, with eighteen recent studies that were not present in the previous meta-analyses. A 2-point increase in adherence score to the Mediterranean diet was reported to determine an 8 % reduction of overall mortality (relative risk = 0·92; 95 % CI 0·91, 0·93), a 10 % reduced risk of CVD (relative risk = 0·90; 95 % CI 0·87, 0·92) and a 4 % reduction of neoplastic disease (relative risk = 0·96; 95 % CI 0·95, 0·97). We utilized data coming from all cohort studies available in the literature for proposing a literature-based adherence score. Such a score ranges from 0 (minimal adherence) to 18 (maximal adherence) points and includes three different categories of consumption for each food group composing the Mediterranean diet. The Mediterranean diet was found to be a healthy dietary pattern in terms of morbidity and mortality. By using data from the cohort studies we proposed a literature-based adherence score that can represent an easy tool for the estimation of adherence to the Mediterranean diet also at the individual level.
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ISSN:1368-9800
1475-2727
1475-2727
DOI:10.1017/S1368980013003169