microRNAs as neuroregulators, biomarkers and therapeutic agents in neurodegenerative diseases

The last decade has experienced the emergence of microRNAs as a key molecular tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of human diseases. Although the focus has mostly been on cancer, neurodegenerative diseases present an exciting, yet less explored, platform for microRNA research. Several studies have...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS Vol. 73; no. 4; pp. 811 - 827
Main Authors: Basak, Indranil, Patil, Ketan S, Alves, Guido, Larsen, Jan Petter, Møller, Simon Geir
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.02.2016
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Animals
Autophagy
Biochemistry
Biomarkers
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Body fluids
Brain - metabolism
Brain - pathology
Cell Biology
Drug Discovery
Gene Expression Regulation
Genetic Markers
Genetic Therapy
Heterogeneity
human diseases
Humans
Life Sciences
microRNA
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - analysis
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
MicroRNAs - therapeutic use
miRNA
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurodegenerative Diseases - genetics
Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases - pathology
Neurodegenerative Diseases - therapy
Neurogenesis
Neurons
neurotransmitters
patients
Pharmacology
prognosis
Review
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
Transcription, Genetic
Body fluid
Biomarker
Neurodegenerative diseases
Tissue-enriched
Therapeutic agent
microRNA
microRNA technological advancements
ISSN:1420-682X, 1420-9071
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The last decade has experienced the emergence of microRNAs as a key molecular tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of human diseases. Although the focus has mostly been on cancer, neurodegenerative diseases present an exciting, yet less explored, platform for microRNA research. Several studies have highlighted the significance of microRNAs in neurogenesis and neurodegeneration, and pre-clinical studies have shown the potential of microRNAs as biomarkers. Despite this, no bona fide microRNAs have been identified as true diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for neurodegenerative disease. This is mainly due to the lack of precisely defined patient cohorts and the variability within and between individual cohorts. However, the discovery that microRNAs exist as stable molecules at detectable levels in body fluids has opened up new avenues for microRNAs as potential biomarker candidates. Furthermore, technological developments in microRNA biology have contributed to the possible design of microRNA-mediated disease intervention strategies. The combination of these advancements, with the availability of well-defined longitudinal patient cohort, promises to not only assist in developing invaluable diagnostic tools for clinicians, but also to increase our overall understanding of the underlying heterogeneity of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the existing knowledge of microRNAs in neurodegeneration and provide a perspective of the applicability of microRNAs as a basis for future therapeutic intervention strategies.
Bibliography:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-2093-x
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ISSN:1420-682X
1420-9071
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-2093-x