Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, household transmission, and lethality of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection among healthcare workers in Ontario, Canada

Protecting healthcare workers (HCWs) from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a priority to maintain a safe and functioning healthcare system. Our objective was to describe and compare the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and lethality of SARS-CoV-2 infections amon...

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Vydáno v:PloS one Ročník 15; číslo 12; s. e0244477
Hlavní autoři: Schwartz, Kevin L., Achonu, Camille, Buchan, Sarah A., Brown, Kevin A., Lee, Brenda, Whelan, Michael, Wu, Julie HC, Garber, Gary
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States Public Library of Science 28.12.2020
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Témata:
Adult
Aged
Algorithms
Asthma
Asymptomatic
Biology and life sciences
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - epidemiology
COVID-19 - transmission
COVID-19 - virology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Death
Demographic variables
Diabetes
Disease transmission
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Exposure
Female
Health aspects
Health care
Health Personnel
Health risks
Health surveillance
Households
Humans
Infections
Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional - prevention & control
Information systems
Intensive care
Lethality
Long-term care
Male
Medical personnel
Medicine and health sciences
Middle Aged
Mortality
Natural language processing
Ontario - epidemiology
Pandemics
Pandemics - prevention & control
People and places
Physicians
Population studies
Public health
Regression models
Respiratory diseases
Risk
Risk Factors
SARS-CoV-2 - pathogenicity
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Signs and symptoms
Ventilators
Viral diseases
Workers
Ontario
Canada
Toronto Ontario Canada
Ontario Canada
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Shrnutí:Protecting healthcare workers (HCWs) from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a priority to maintain a safe and functioning healthcare system. Our objective was to describe and compare the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and lethality of SARS-CoV-2 infections among HCWs compared to non-HCWs. Using reportable disease data at Public Health Ontario, we conducted a population-based cross-sectional study comparing demographic, exposure, and clinical variables between HCWs and non-HCWs with SARS-CoV-2 infections as of 30 September 2020. We calculated rates of infections over time and determined the frequency of within household transmissions using natural language processing based on residential address. We evaluated the risk of death using a multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, symptoms, and long-term care home exposure. There were 7,050 (12.5%) HCW SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ontario, Canada, of whom 24.9% were nurses, 2.3% were physicians, and the remaining 72.8% other specialties, including personal support workers. Overall HCWs had an infection rate of 1,276 per 100,000 compared to non-HCWs of 346 per 100,000 (3.7 times higher). This difference decreased from a 7 times higher rate in April to no difference in September 2020. Twenty-six percent of HCWs had a household member with SARS-CoV-2 infection; 6.8% were probable acquisitions, 12.3% secondary transmissions, and 6.9% unknown direction of transmission. Death among HCWs was 0.2% compared to 6.1% of non-HCWs. The risk of death in HCWs remained significantly lower than non-HCWs after adjustment (adjusted odds ratio 0.09; 95%CI 0.05-0.17). HCWs represent a disproportionate number of diagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ontario, however this discrepancy is at least partially explained by limitations in testing earlier in the pandemic for non-HCWs. We observed a low risk of death in HCWs which could not be completely explained by other factors.
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SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0244477