Comparison of the Fecal Microbiota of Healthy Horses and Horses with Colitis by High Throughput Sequencing of the V3-V5 Region of the 16S rRNA Gene

The intestinal tract houses one of the richest and most complex microbial populations on the planet, and plays a critical role in health and a wide range of diseases. Limited studies using new sequencing technologies in horses are available. The objective of this study was to characterize the fecal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one Vol. 7; no. 7; p. e41484
Main Authors: Costa, Marcio C., Arroyo, Luis G., Allen-Vercoe, Emma, Stämpfli, Henry R., Kim, Peter T., Sturgeon, Amy, Weese, J. Scott
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Public Library of Science 31.07.2012
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:
Analysis
Animals
Bacteria
Bacteroidetes
Biology
Clostridium difficile
Clostridium perfringens
Colitis
Colitis - microbiology
Colitis - veterinary
Complexity
Diarrhea
Dysbacteriosis
Fecal microflora
Feces
Feces - microbiology
Firmicutes
Fusobacteria
Fusobacterium
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Gene sequencing
Genomes
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Horse Diseases - microbiology
Horses
Housing
Inflammatory bowel disease
Intestine
Medicine
Metagenome
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Microorganisms
Models, Genetic
Next-generation sequencing
Phylogeny
Principal Component Analysis
Proteobacteria
Quality control
Relative abundance
Residential areas
RNA
RNA, Bacterial - genetics
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
rRNA 16S
Salmonella
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Species richness
Transplants & implants
Veterinary colleges
Veterinary Science
Canada
Guelph Ontario Canada
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Summary:The intestinal tract houses one of the richest and most complex microbial populations on the planet, and plays a critical role in health and a wide range of diseases. Limited studies using new sequencing technologies in horses are available. The objective of this study was to characterize the fecal microbiome of healthy horses and to compare the fecal microbiome of healthy horses to that of horses with undifferentiated colitis. A total of 195,748 sequences obtained from 6 healthy horses and 10 horses affected by undifferentiated colitis were analyzed. Firmicutes predominated (68%) among healthy horses followed by Bacteroidetes (14%) and Proteobacteria (10%). In contrast, Bacteroidetes (40%) was the most abundant phylum among horses with colitis, followed by Firmicutes (30%) and Proteobacteria (18%). Healthy horses had a significantly higher relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Spirochaetes while horses with colitis had significantly more Fusobacteria. Members of the Clostridia class were more abundant in healthy horses. Members of the Lachnospiraceae family were the most frequently shared among healthy individuals. The species richness reported here indicates the complexity of the equine intestinal microbiome. The predominance of Clostridia demonstrates the importance of this group of bacteria in healthy horses. The marked differences in the microbiome between healthy horses and horses with colitis indicate that colitis may be a disease of gut dysbiosis, rather than one that occurs simply through overgrowth of an individual pathogen.
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Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Conceived and designed the experiments: MCC EAV HRS JSW. Performed the experiments: MCC LGA AS. Analyzed the data: MCC PTK JSW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LGA JSW. Wrote the paper: MCC. Critically reviewed the manuscript: MCC LGA EAV HRS AS PTK JSW.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0041484