Increased Risk of Dementia in Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Nationwide Cohort Study

It is known that the risk of dementia in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is higher. However, the relationship between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and dementia has never been established. We investigated the incidences of dementia among patients with mTBI in Taiwa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one Vol. 8; no. 5; p. e62422
Main Authors: Lee, Yi-Kung, Hou, Sheng-Wen, Lee, Ching-Chih, Hsu, Chen-Yang, Huang, Yung-Sung, Su, Yung-Cheng
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Public Library of Science 01.05.2013
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age
Aged
Alcohols
Biology
Brain
Brain injuries
Brain Injuries - complications
Brain Injuries - epidemiology
Brain research
Buddhism
Cardiovascular disease
Cognitive ability
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Comorbidity
Complications and side effects
Confidence intervals
Coronary artery
Coronary artery disease
Dementia
Dementia - epidemiology
Dementia - etiology
Dementia disorders
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Emergency medical care
Female
Gender
Head injuries
Health insurance
Heart diseases
Hemorrhage
Hospitals
Humans
Hyperlipidemia
Hypertension
Illnesses
Intoxication
Ischemia
Male
Medicine
Middle Aged
Multivariate Analysis
Neurology
Patients
Population
Prevalence
Proportional Hazards Models
Review boards
Risk Factors
Sensitivity and Specificity
Socioeconomic factors
Socioeconomics
Traumatic brain injury
Urbanization
Young Adult
Taiwan
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:It is known that the risk of dementia in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is higher. However, the relationship between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and dementia has never been established. We investigated the incidences of dementia among patients with mTBI in Taiwan to evaluate if there is higher risk compared with general population. We utilized a sampled National Health Insurance (NHI) claims data containing one million beneficiaries. We followed all adult beneficiaries from January 1, 2005 till December 31, 2009 to see if they had been diagnosed with dementia. We further identify patients with mTBI and compared their risk of dementia with the general population. We identified 28551 patients with mTBI and 692382 without. After controlled for age, gender, urbanization level, socioeconomic status, diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, hyperlipidemia, history of alcohol intoxication, history of ischemic stroke, history of intracranial hemorrhage and Charlson Comorbidity Index Score, the adjusted hazard ratio is 3.26 (95% Confidence interval, 2.69-3.94). TBI is an independent significant risk factor of developing dementia even in the mild type.
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Conceived and designed the experiments: YKL YCS. Performed the experiments: YCS. Analyzed the data: YCS CYH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CCL SWH. Wrote the paper: YSH YCS.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0062422