Evaluation of a community-based mobile video breastfeeding intervention in Khayelitsha, South Africa: The Philani MOVIE cluster-randomized controlled trial
In South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in underresourced settings. Innovative, digital approaches including mobile video content have also shown promise...
Saved in:
| Published in: | PLoS medicine Vol. 18; no. 9; p. e1003744 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
San Francisco
Public Library of Science
28.09.2021
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| Subjects: | |
| ISSN: | 1549-1676, 1549-1277, 1549-1676 |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Abstract | In South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in underresourced settings. Innovative, digital approaches including mobile video content have also shown promise, especially as access to mobile technology increases among CHWs. We measured the effects of an animated, mobile video series, the Philani MObile Video Intervention for Exclusive breastfeeding (MOVIE), delivered by a cadre of CHWs ("mentor mothers"). We conducted a stratified, cluster-randomized controlled trial from November 2018 to March 2020 in Khayelitsha, South Africa. The trial was conducted in collaboration with the Philani Maternal Child Health and Nutrition Trust, a nongovernmental community health organization. We quantified the effect of the MOVIE intervention on EBF at 1 and 5 months (primary outcomes), and on other infant feeding practices and maternal knowledge (secondary outcomes). We randomized 1,502 pregnant women in 84 clusters 1:1 to 2 study arms. Participants' median age was 26 years, 36.9% had completed secondary school, and 18.3% were employed. Mentor mothers in the video intervention arm provided standard-of-care counseling plus the MOVIE intervention; mentor mothers in the control arm provided standard of care only. Within the causal impact evaluation, we nested a mixed-methods performance evaluation measuring mentor mothers' time use and eliciting their subjective experiences through in-depth interviews. This trial measured the effect of a video-based, mobile health (mHealth) intervention, delivered by CHWs during home visits in an underresourced setting. The videos replaced about two-fifths of CHWs' direct engagement time with participants in the intervention arm. The similar outcomes in the 2 study arms thus suggest that the videos were as effective as face-to-face counselling, when CHWs used them to replace a portion of that counselling. Where CHWs are scarce, mHealth video interventions could be a feasible and practical solution, supporting the delivery and scaling of community health promotion services. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | In South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in underresourced settings. Innovative, digital approaches including mobile video content have also shown promise, especially as access to mobile technology increases among CHWs. We measured the effects of an animated, mobile video series, the Philani MObile Video Intervention for Exclusive breastfeeding (MOVIE), delivered by a cadre of CHWs ("mentor mothers"). We conducted a stratified, cluster-randomized controlled trial from November 2018 to March 2020 in Khayelitsha, South Africa. The trial was conducted in collaboration with the Philani Maternal Child Health and Nutrition Trust, a nongovernmental community health organization. We quantified the effect of the MOVIE intervention on EBF at 1 and 5 months (primary outcomes), and on other infant feeding practices and maternal knowledge (secondary outcomes). We randomized 1,502 pregnant women in 84 clusters 1:1 to 2 study arms. Participants' median age was 26 years, 36.9% had completed secondary school, and 18.3% were employed. Mentor mothers in the video intervention arm provided standard-of-care counseling plus the MOVIE intervention; mentor mothers in the control arm provided standard of care only. Within the causal impact evaluation, we nested a mixed-methods performance evaluation measuring mentor mothers' time use and eliciting their subjective experiences through in-depth interviews. This trial measured the effect of a video-based, mobile health (mHealth) intervention, delivered by CHWs during home visits in an underresourced setting. The videos replaced about two-fifths of CHWs' direct engagement time with participants in the intervention arm. The similar outcomes in the 2 study arms thus suggest that the videos were as effective as face-to-face counselling, when CHWs used them to replace a portion of that counselling. Where CHWs are scarce, mHealth video interventions could be a feasible and practical solution, supporting the delivery and scaling of community health promotion services. Background In South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in underresourced settings. Innovative, digital approaches including mobile video content have also shown promise, especially as access to mobile technology increases among CHWs. We measured the effects of an animated, mobile video series, the Philani MObile Video Intervention for Exclusive breastfeeding (MOVIE), delivered by a cadre of CHWs (“mentor mothers”). Methods and findings We conducted a stratified, cluster-randomized controlled trial from November 2018 to March 2020 in Khayelitsha, South Africa. The trial was conducted in collaboration with the Philani Maternal Child Health and Nutrition Trust, a nongovernmental community health organization. We quantified the effect of the MOVIE intervention on EBF at 1 and 5 months (primary outcomes), and on other infant feeding practices and maternal knowledge (secondary outcomes). We randomized 1,502 pregnant women in 84 clusters 1:1 to 2 study arms. Participants’ median age was 26 years, 36.9% had completed secondary school, and 18.3% were employed. Mentor mothers in the video intervention arm provided standard-of-care counseling plus the MOVIE intervention; mentor mothers in the control arm provided standard of care only. Within the causal impact evaluation, we nested a mixed-methods performance evaluation measuring mentor mothers’ time use and eliciting their subjective experiences through in-depth interviews. At both points of follow-up, we observed no statistically significant differences between the video intervention and the control arm with regard to EBF rates and other infant feeding practices [EBF in the last 24 hours at 1 month: RR 0.93 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.01, P = 0.091); EBF in the last 24 hours at 5 months: RR 0.90 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.04, P = 0.152)]. We observed a small, but significant improvement in maternal knowledge at the 1-month follow-up, but not at the 5-month follow-up. The interpretation of the results from this causal impact evaluation changes when we consider the results of the nested mixed-methods performance evaluation. The mean time spent per home visit was similar across study arms, but the intervention group spent approximately 40% of their visit time viewing videos. The absence of difference in effects on primary and secondary endpoints implies that, for the same time investment, the video intervention was as effective as face-to-face counseling with a mentor mother. The videos were also highly valued by mentor mothers and participants. Study limitations include a high loss to follow-up at 5 months after premature termination of the trial due to the COVID-19 pandemic and changes in mentor mother service demarcations. Conclusions This trial measured the effect of a video-based, mobile health (mHealth) intervention, delivered by CHWs during home visits in an underresourced setting. The videos replaced about two-fifths of CHWs’ direct engagement time with participants in the intervention arm. The similar outcomes in the 2 study arms thus suggest that the videos were as effective as face-to-face counselling, when CHWs used them to replace a portion of that counselling. Where CHWs are scarce, mHealth video interventions could be a feasible and practical solution, supporting the delivery and scaling of community health promotion services. Trial registration The study and its outcomes were registered at clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT03688217) on September 27, 2018. Maya Adam and colleagues study a video intervention, delivered by community health workers, to promote breastfeeding in South Africa. In South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in underresourced settings. Innovative, digital approaches including mobile video content have also shown promise, especially as access to mobile technology increases among CHWs. We measured the effects of an animated, mobile video series, the Philani MObile Video Intervention for Exclusive breastfeeding (MOVIE), delivered by a cadre of CHWs ("mentor mothers").BACKGROUNDIn South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in underresourced settings. Innovative, digital approaches including mobile video content have also shown promise, especially as access to mobile technology increases among CHWs. We measured the effects of an animated, mobile video series, the Philani MObile Video Intervention for Exclusive breastfeeding (MOVIE), delivered by a cadre of CHWs ("mentor mothers").We conducted a stratified, cluster-randomized controlled trial from November 2018 to March 2020 in Khayelitsha, South Africa. The trial was conducted in collaboration with the Philani Maternal Child Health and Nutrition Trust, a nongovernmental community health organization. We quantified the effect of the MOVIE intervention on EBF at 1 and 5 months (primary outcomes), and on other infant feeding practices and maternal knowledge (secondary outcomes). We randomized 1,502 pregnant women in 84 clusters 1:1 to 2 study arms. Participants' median age was 26 years, 36.9% had completed secondary school, and 18.3% were employed. Mentor mothers in the video intervention arm provided standard-of-care counseling plus the MOVIE intervention; mentor mothers in the control arm provided standard of care only. Within the causal impact evaluation, we nested a mixed-methods performance evaluation measuring mentor mothers' time use and eliciting their subjective experiences through in-depth interviews. At both points of follow-up, we observed no statistically significant differences between the video intervention and the control arm with regard to EBF rates and other infant feeding practices [EBF in the last 24 hours at 1 month: RR 0.93 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.01, P = 0.091); EBF in the last 24 hours at 5 months: RR 0.90 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.04, P = 0.152)]. We observed a small, but significant improvement in maternal knowledge at the 1-month follow-up, but not at the 5-month follow-up. The interpretation of the results from this causal impact evaluation changes when we consider the results of the nested mixed-methods performance evaluation. The mean time spent per home visit was similar across study arms, but the intervention group spent approximately 40% of their visit time viewing videos. The absence of difference in effects on primary and secondary endpoints implies that, for the same time investment, the video intervention was as effective as face-to-face counseling with a mentor mother. The videos were also highly valued by mentor mothers and participants. Study limitations include a high loss to follow-up at 5 months after premature termination of the trial due to the COVID-19 pandemic and changes in mentor mother service demarcations.METHODS AND FINDINGSWe conducted a stratified, cluster-randomized controlled trial from November 2018 to March 2020 in Khayelitsha, South Africa. The trial was conducted in collaboration with the Philani Maternal Child Health and Nutrition Trust, a nongovernmental community health organization. We quantified the effect of the MOVIE intervention on EBF at 1 and 5 months (primary outcomes), and on other infant feeding practices and maternal knowledge (secondary outcomes). We randomized 1,502 pregnant women in 84 clusters 1:1 to 2 study arms. Participants' median age was 26 years, 36.9% had completed secondary school, and 18.3% were employed. Mentor mothers in the video intervention arm provided standard-of-care counseling plus the MOVIE intervention; mentor mothers in the control arm provided standard of care only. Within the causal impact evaluation, we nested a mixed-methods performance evaluation measuring mentor mothers' time use and eliciting their subjective experiences through in-depth interviews. At both points of follow-up, we observed no statistically significant differences between the video intervention and the control arm with regard to EBF rates and other infant feeding practices [EBF in the last 24 hours at 1 month: RR 0.93 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.01, P = 0.091); EBF in the last 24 hours at 5 months: RR 0.90 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.04, P = 0.152)]. We observed a small, but significant improvement in maternal knowledge at the 1-month follow-up, but not at the 5-month follow-up. The interpretation of the results from this causal impact evaluation changes when we consider the results of the nested mixed-methods performance evaluation. The mean time spent per home visit was similar across study arms, but the intervention group spent approximately 40% of their visit time viewing videos. The absence of difference in effects on primary and secondary endpoints implies that, for the same time investment, the video intervention was as effective as face-to-face counseling with a mentor mother. The videos were also highly valued by mentor mothers and participants. Study limitations include a high loss to follow-up at 5 months after premature termination of the trial due to the COVID-19 pandemic and changes in mentor mother service demarcations.This trial measured the effect of a video-based, mobile health (mHealth) intervention, delivered by CHWs during home visits in an underresourced setting. The videos replaced about two-fifths of CHWs' direct engagement time with participants in the intervention arm. The similar outcomes in the 2 study arms thus suggest that the videos were as effective as face-to-face counselling, when CHWs used them to replace a portion of that counselling. Where CHWs are scarce, mHealth video interventions could be a feasible and practical solution, supporting the delivery and scaling of community health promotion services.CONCLUSIONSThis trial measured the effect of a video-based, mobile health (mHealth) intervention, delivered by CHWs during home visits in an underresourced setting. The videos replaced about two-fifths of CHWs' direct engagement time with participants in the intervention arm. The similar outcomes in the 2 study arms thus suggest that the videos were as effective as face-to-face counselling, when CHWs used them to replace a portion of that counselling. Where CHWs are scarce, mHealth video interventions could be a feasible and practical solution, supporting the delivery and scaling of community health promotion services.The study and its outcomes were registered at clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT03688217) on September 27, 2018.TRIAL REGISTRATIONThe study and its outcomes were registered at clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT03688217) on September 27, 2018. Background In South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in underresourced settings. Innovative, digital approaches including mobile video content have also shown promise, especially as access to mobile technology increases among CHWs. We measured the effects of an animated, mobile video series, the Philani MObile Video Intervention for Exclusive breastfeeding (MOVIE), delivered by a cadre of CHWs (“mentor mothers”). Methods and findings We conducted a stratified, cluster-randomized controlled trial from November 2018 to March 2020 in Khayelitsha, South Africa. The trial was conducted in collaboration with the Philani Maternal Child Health and Nutrition Trust, a nongovernmental community health organization. We quantified the effect of the MOVIE intervention on EBF at 1 and 5 months (primary outcomes), and on other infant feeding practices and maternal knowledge (secondary outcomes). We randomized 1,502 pregnant women in 84 clusters 1:1 to 2 study arms. Participants’ median age was 26 years, 36.9% had completed secondary school, and 18.3% were employed. Mentor mothers in the video intervention arm provided standard-of-care counseling plus the MOVIE intervention; mentor mothers in the control arm provided standard of care only. Within the causal impact evaluation, we nested a mixed-methods performance evaluation measuring mentor mothers’ time use and eliciting their subjective experiences through in-depth interviews. At both points of follow-up, we observed no statistically significant differences between the video intervention and the control arm with regard to EBF rates and other infant feeding practices [EBF in the last 24 hours at 1 month: RR 0.93 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.01, P = 0.091); EBF in the last 24 hours at 5 months: RR 0.90 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.04, P = 0.152)]. We observed a small, but significant improvement in maternal knowledge at the 1-month follow-up, but not at the 5-month follow-up. The interpretation of the results from this causal impact evaluation changes when we consider the results of the nested mixed-methods performance evaluation. The mean time spent per home visit was similar across study arms, but the intervention group spent approximately 40% of their visit time viewing videos. The absence of difference in effects on primary and secondary endpoints implies that, for the same time investment, the video intervention was as effective as face-to-face counseling with a mentor mother. The videos were also highly valued by mentor mothers and participants. Study limitations include a high loss to follow-up at 5 months after premature termination of the trial due to the COVID-19 pandemic and changes in mentor mother service demarcations. Conclusions This trial measured the effect of a video-based, mobile health (mHealth) intervention, delivered by CHWs during home visits in an underresourced setting. The videos replaced about two-fifths of CHWs’ direct engagement time with participants in the intervention arm. The similar outcomes in the 2 study arms thus suggest that the videos were as effective as face-to-face counselling, when CHWs used them to replace a portion of that counselling. Where CHWs are scarce, mHealth video interventions could be a feasible and practical solution, supporting the delivery and scaling of community health promotion services. Trial registration The study and its outcomes were registered at clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT03688217) on September 27, 2018. BackgroundIn South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in underresourced settings. Innovative, digital approaches including mobile video content have also shown promise, especially as access to mobile technology increases among CHWs. We measured the effects of an animated, mobile video series, the Philani MObile Video Intervention for Exclusive breastfeeding (MOVIE), delivered by a cadre of CHWs ("mentor mothers").Methods and findingsWe conducted a stratified, cluster-randomized controlled trial from November 2018 to March 2020 in Khayelitsha, South Africa. The trial was conducted in collaboration with the Philani Maternal Child Health and Nutrition Trust, a nongovernmental community health organization. We quantified the effect of the MOVIE intervention on EBF at 1 and 5 months (primary outcomes), and on other infant feeding practices and maternal knowledge (secondary outcomes). We randomized 1,502 pregnant women in 84 clusters 1:1 to 2 study arms. Participants' median age was 26 years, 36.9% had completed secondary school, and 18.3% were employed. Mentor mothers in the video intervention arm provided standard-of-care counseling plus the MOVIE intervention; mentor mothers in the control arm provided standard of care only. Within the causal impact evaluation, we nested a mixed-methods performance evaluation measuring mentor mothers' time use and eliciting their subjective experiences through in-depth interviews. At both points of follow-up, we observed no statistically significant differences between the video intervention and the control arm with regard to EBF rates and other infant feeding practices [EBF in the last 24 hours at 1 month: RR 0.93 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.01, P = 0.091); EBF in the last 24 hours at 5 months: RR 0.90 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.04, P = 0.152)]. We observed a small, but significant improvement in maternal knowledge at the 1-month follow-up, but not at the 5-month follow-up. The interpretation of the results from this causal impact evaluation changes when we consider the results of the nested mixed-methods performance evaluation. The mean time spent per home visit was similar across study arms, but the intervention group spent approximately 40% of their visit time viewing videos. The absence of difference in effects on primary and secondary endpoints implies that, for the same time investment, the video intervention was as effective as face-to-face counseling with a mentor mother. The videos were also highly valued by mentor mothers and participants. Study limitations include a high loss to follow-up at 5 months after premature termination of the trial due to the COVID-19 pandemic and changes in mentor mother service demarcations.ConclusionsThis trial measured the effect of a video-based, mobile health (mHealth) intervention, delivered by CHWs during home visits in an underresourced setting. The videos replaced about two-fifths of CHWs' direct engagement time with participants in the intervention arm. The similar outcomes in the 2 study arms thus suggest that the videos were as effective as face-to-face counselling, when CHWs used them to replace a portion of that counselling. Where CHWs are scarce, mHealth video interventions could be a feasible and practical solution, supporting the delivery and scaling of community health promotion services.Trial registrationThe study and its outcomes were registered at clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT03688217) on September 27, 2018. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Gates, Jennifer Le Roux, Ingrid Mbewu, Nokwanele Kuhnert, Kira-Leigh Adam, Maya LeFevre, Amnesty E. Mkunqwana, Neliswa Porwal, Aarti McMahon, Shannon A. Prober, Charles Suri, Pooja Mabaso, Bongekile Dronavalli, Mithilesh Bärnighausen, Till Johnston, Jamie Job, Nophiwe Vandormael, Alain Tomlinson, Mark |
| AuthorAffiliation | 8 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom 12 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America 10 University of Cape Town, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa 7 Institute for Life Course Health Research, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa 2 Heidelberg University Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany 4 Digital Medic, Stanford Center for Health Education, Cape Town, South Africa 11 Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, United States of America 5 University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia 15 Wellcome Trust’s Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa 1 Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, SPAIN 9 Johns Hopkins B |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 5 University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia – name: 6 The Philani Maternal Child Health and Nutrition Trust, Khayelitsha, South Africa – name: 7 Institute for Life Course Health Research, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa – name: 12 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America – name: 15 Wellcome Trust’s Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa – name: 1 Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America – name: 13 School of Management Studies, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa – name: 3 Stanford Center for Health Education, Stanford, California, United States of America – name: 10 University of Cape Town, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa – name: 2 Heidelberg University Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany – name: 11 Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, United States of America – name: 4 Digital Medic, Stanford Center for Health Education, Cape Town, South Africa – name: 8 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queens University, Belfast, United Kingdom – name: 14 Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America – name: Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona, SPAIN – name: 9 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Maya orcidid: 0000-0001-5563-421X surname: Adam fullname: Adam, Maya – sequence: 2 givenname: Jamie orcidid: 0000-0001-6992-5958 surname: Johnston fullname: Johnston, Jamie – sequence: 3 givenname: Nophiwe surname: Job fullname: Job, Nophiwe – sequence: 4 givenname: Mithilesh orcidid: 0000-0002-5084-5023 surname: Dronavalli fullname: Dronavalli, Mithilesh – sequence: 5 givenname: Ingrid surname: Le Roux fullname: Le Roux, Ingrid – sequence: 6 givenname: Nokwanele surname: Mbewu fullname: Mbewu, Nokwanele – sequence: 7 givenname: Neliswa surname: Mkunqwana fullname: Mkunqwana, Neliswa – sequence: 8 givenname: Mark orcidid: 0000-0001-5846-3444 surname: Tomlinson fullname: Tomlinson, Mark – sequence: 9 givenname: Shannon A. surname: McMahon fullname: McMahon, Shannon A. – sequence: 10 givenname: Amnesty E. orcidid: 0000-0001-8437-7240 surname: LeFevre fullname: LeFevre, Amnesty E. – sequence: 11 givenname: Alain orcidid: 0000-0002-5742-0511 surname: Vandormael fullname: Vandormael, Alain – sequence: 12 givenname: Kira-Leigh surname: Kuhnert fullname: Kuhnert, Kira-Leigh – sequence: 13 givenname: Pooja surname: Suri fullname: Suri, Pooja – sequence: 14 givenname: Jennifer orcidid: 0000-0003-0616-704X surname: Gates fullname: Gates, Jennifer – sequence: 15 givenname: Bongekile orcidid: 0000-0002-0675-9136 surname: Mabaso fullname: Mabaso, Bongekile – sequence: 16 givenname: Aarti surname: Porwal fullname: Porwal, Aarti – sequence: 17 givenname: Charles surname: Prober fullname: Prober, Charles – sequence: 18 givenname: Till orcidid: 0000-0002-4182-4212 surname: Bärnighausen fullname: Bärnighausen, Till |
| BookMark | eNqVk21r1TAUx4tM3IN-A8GAIAr22rRJ0-6FMMbUi9OJG3sbTtPkNiNNrkl7cX4Vv6zpdge74yL6qqH5_f_nIefsJzvWWZkkz3E2wwXD767c6C2Y2bKX7QxnWcEIeZTsYUrqFJes3Ll33k32Q7jKsrzO6uxJslsQWuWkqPaS3ycrMCMM2lnkFAIkXN-PVg_XaQNBtqh3jTYSrXQrHWq8hDAoKVttF0jbQfqVtDdibdHnDq6l0UPo4C06d-PQoSPltYBDdNFJ9K3TBqxGX84u5ydImDFEeerBtq7Xv2Io4ezgnTHxOHgN5mnyWIEJ8tn6e5BcfDi5OP6Unp59nB8fnaairHOcQg0CWlWorGasZW1bKQYMRNHUlGaEqIpiBbksMMWMEpZTSSmRmLWVVJQUB8mLW9ulcYGv2xp4HltEq7rM8kjMb4nWwRVfet2Dv-YONL_54fyCgx-0MJKzHKDOJI7RG9JiaPKGAC1IyWol8rqJXu_X0cYmvpyI7fNgNkw3b6zu-MKteEVYleMqGrxeG3j3Y5Rh4L0OQprYW-nGKW_GWIHLfMr75QN0e3VragGxAG2Vi3HFZMqPSsbqisbJilS6hVpIK2OScTJVnJJNfraFn15K9lpsFbzZEEzTIH8OCxhD4PPz7__Bfv139uxyk311j-0kmKELzozThIdN8PAWFN6F4KXiQg83WxSr1IbjjE9LetdvPi0pXy9pFJMH4rvX_6vsD0s-Qt0 |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_022_13570_6 crossref_primary_10_2196_37666 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12884_024_06885_2 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12916_024_03417_9 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12982_024_00286_8 crossref_primary_10_1177_20552076241253994 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjgh_2023_012613 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0295539 crossref_primary_10_1155_2024_2158432 crossref_primary_10_1177_20552076241309520 crossref_primary_10_1093_nutrit_nuae004 crossref_primary_10_1177_10497323221091504 crossref_primary_10_1111_mcn_13529 crossref_primary_10_1080_00220388_2024_2312832 crossref_primary_10_2196_42023 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nutos_2024_02_002 crossref_primary_10_1186_s41043_023_00487_y crossref_primary_10_4102_phcfm_v16i1_4701 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12913_023_09581_7 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pmed_1003800 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_glohj_2024_08_002 crossref_primary_10_1177_20552076241304819 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1080/10810730.2011.649160 10.1371/journal.pone.0105934 10.1016/j.jmwh.2006.12.002 10.1371/journal.pone.0154664 10.2196/jmir.2130 10.21106/ijma.79 10.1057/s41271-016-0015-2 10.1056/NEJMra1510059 10.1371/journal.pone.0030634 10.1177/0890334409350168 10.1186/s12913-019-4000-x 10.1186/1746-4358-7-4 10.1186/1746-4358-9-5 10.9745/GHSP-D-13-00031 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002407 10.1016/j.wombi.2010.02.002 10.1080/01292986.2014.927895 10.2196/12173 10.1186/1471-2288-11-102 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000837 10.1186/1471-2431-12-105 10.1080/16070658.2015.11734557 10.1186/s13006-016-0071-z 10.1093/aje/kwh090 10.1093/jn/135.3.444 10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.04.041 10.1007/s11121-016-0676-x 10.1177/1468794107085301 10.1111/j.1468-2885.2008.00328.x 10.1186/1746-4358-9-18 10.1016/j.brat.2019.103466 10.3945/jn.116.242321 10.1111/hsc.12488 10.1186/1471-2458-14-188 10.7748/nr2004.07.12.1.47.c5930 10.1007/s11121-011-0238-1 10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.12.010 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283601b53 10.1186/1756-0500-6-552 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01044-2 10.1177/0049124117747303 10.1177/1090198106291963 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2002.tb00019.x 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91337-4 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60738-1 10.1186/1471-2458-13-S3-S20 10.1111/j.1728-4465.1999.00193.x 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01024-7 10.1111/apa.13102 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science 2021 Adam et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2021 Adam et al 2021 Adam et al |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science – notice: 2021 Adam et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: 2021 Adam et al 2021 Adam et al |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION IOV ISN ISR 3V. 7TK 7X7 7XB 88E 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU COVID DWQXO FYUFA GHDGH K9. M0S M1P PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 7X8 5PM DOA CZK |
| DOI | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003744 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints Gale In Context: Canada Gale In Context: Science ProQuest Central (Corporate) Neurosciences Abstracts Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Medical Database (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Hospital Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials - QC ProQuest Central ProQuest One Community College Coronavirus Research Database ProQuest Central Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Collection Medical Database ProQuest ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals PLoS Medicine |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection Health Research Premium Collection Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Korea Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition Coronavirus Research Database ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) Neurosciences Abstracts ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest Medical Library ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Central (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | Publicly Available Content Database MEDLINE - Academic |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: PIMPY name: Publicly Available Content Database url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine Education |
| DocumentTitleAlternate | Evaluation of a community-based mobile video breastfeeding intervention in Khayelitsha, South Africa |
| EISSN | 1549-1676 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 2582589602 oai_doaj_org_article_72aa90e1c3bb4d1ab2b4a534679fc29b PMC8478218 A677985744 10_1371_journal_pmed_1003744 |
| GeographicLocations | South Africa |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: South Africa |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: ; – fundername: ; grantid: 12/14/2018 |
| GroupedDBID | --- 123 29O 2WC 53G 5VS 7X7 88E 8FI 8FJ AAFWJ AAUCC AAWOE AAWTL AAYXX ABDBF ABUWG ACCTH ACGFO ACIHN ACPRK ACUHS ADBBV AEAQA AENEX AFFHD AFKRA AFPKN AFRAH AFXKF AHMBA AKRSQ ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS B0M BAIFH BAWUL BBTPI BCNDV BENPR BPHCQ BVXVI BWKFM CCPQU CITATION CS3 DIK DU5 E3Z EAP EAS EBD EBS EJD EMK EMOBN ESX F5P FPL FYUFA GROUPED_DOAJ GX1 HMCUK HYE IAO IHR IHW INH INR IOF IOV IPO ISN ISR ITC KQ8 M1P M48 MK0 O5R O5S OK1 OVT P2P PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PJZUB PPXIY PQQKQ PROAC PSQYO PV9 RNS RPM RZL SV3 TR2 TUS UKHRP WOW XSB YZZ ~8M ALIPV 3V. 7TK 7XB 8FK AZQEC COVID DWQXO K9. PKEHL PQEST PQUKI PRINS 7X8 5PM - AAPBV ABPTK ADACO BBAFP BCGST CZK ICW M~E |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c6921-a9acadf3f0977d7dd8f7a7ac3b955044f851fa2e3151754725e554e17d8ef543 |
| IEDL.DBID | 7X7 |
| ISSN | 1549-1676 1549-1277 |
| IngestDate | Fri Nov 26 17:11:49 EST 2021 Fri Oct 03 12:36:32 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 04 01:50:56 EST 2025 Sun Nov 09 13:02:07 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 14:30:12 EST 2025 Tue Nov 11 10:09:26 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 11:22:54 EST 2025 Tue Nov 04 18:01:58 EST 2025 Thu Nov 13 15:52:33 EST 2025 Thu Nov 13 14:42:57 EST 2025 Thu Nov 13 14:40:38 EST 2025 Thu May 22 21:15:45 EDT 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:00:19 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 05:34:28 EST 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 9 |
| Language | English |
| License | This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Creative Commons Attribution License |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c6921-a9acadf3f0977d7dd8f7a7ac3b955044f851fa2e3151754725e554e17d8ef543 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Feature-3 ObjectType-Evidence Based Healthcare-1 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3 I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: MT is a member of PLOS Medicine’s Editorial Board. The other co-authors have declared no competing interests. These authors are joint senior authors on this work. |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6992-5958 0000-0002-5742-0511 0000-0002-5084-5023 0000-0001-8437-7240 0000-0002-0675-9136 0000-0001-5563-421X 0000-0001-5846-3444 0000-0003-0616-704X 0000-0002-4182-4212 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.proquest.com/docview/2582589602?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication% |
| PMID | 34582438 |
| PQID | 2582589602 |
| PQPubID | 1436338 |
| ParticipantIDs | plos_journals_2582589602 doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_72aa90e1c3bb4d1ab2b4a534679fc29b pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8478218 proquest_miscellaneous_2577731622 proquest_journals_2582589602 gale_infotracmisc_A677985744 gale_infotracgeneralonefile_A677985744 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A677985744 gale_incontextgauss_ISR_A677985744 gale_incontextgauss_ISN_A677985744 gale_incontextgauss_IOV_A677985744 gale_healthsolutions_A677985744 crossref_citationtrail_10_1371_journal_pmed_1003744 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pmed_1003744 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 20210928 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2021-09-28 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 9 year: 2021 text: 20210928 day: 28 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | San Francisco |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: San Francisco – name: San Francisco, CA USA |
| PublicationTitle | PLoS medicine |
| PublicationYear | 2021 |
| Publisher | Public Library of Science Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Public Library of Science – name: Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| References | C-L Dennis (pmed.1003744.ref040) 2002; 31 National Department of Health (NDoH) (pmed.1003744.ref004) 2019 L Siziba (pmed.1003744.ref048) 2015; 28 MJ Rotheram-Borus (pmed.1003744.ref037) 2011; 12 C Seebregts (pmed.1003744.ref033) 2016; 2016 MD Slater (pmed.1003744.ref021) 2002; 12 P Barron (pmed.1003744.ref032) 2016; 37 B Sinha (pmed.1003744.ref010) 2017; 147 PT Von Hippel (pmed.1003744.ref061) 2020; 49 K Källander (pmed.1003744.ref027) 2013; 15 EM Rogers (pmed.1003744.ref019) 1999; 30 RE Petty (pmed.1003744.ref067) 1986 R Chowdhury (pmed.1003744.ref002) 2015; 104 NC Rollins (pmed.1003744.ref008) 2016; 387 RJ Cohen (pmed.1003744.ref006) 1994; 344 SR Kaplan (pmed.1003744.ref035) 2017; 14 T Tylleskär (pmed.1003744.ref055) 2011; 378 LM Du Plessis (pmed.1003744.ref047) 2013; 26 J Noel-Weiss (pmed.1003744.ref054) 2014; 9 IM Le Roux (pmed.1003744.ref012) 2013; 27 ER Moore (pmed.1003744.ref053) 2007; 52 CE Mbada (pmed.1003744.ref058) 2013; 6 pmed.1003744.ref030 AB Labrique (pmed.1003744.ref026) 2013; 1 L Diamond (pmed.1003744.ref029) 2015 SFV Sondaal (pmed.1003744.ref024) 2016; 11 MJ Rotheram-Borus (pmed.1003744.ref014) 2014; 9 CB Aranda-Jan (pmed.1003744.ref022) 2014; 14 CG Victora (pmed.1003744.ref001) 2016; 387 E Moyer-Gusé (pmed.1003744.ref068) 2008; 18 C Lund (pmed.1003744.ref013) 2020; 130 MD Slater (pmed.1003744.ref017) 2002 S Meedya (pmed.1003744.ref044) 2010; 23 SA McMahon (pmed.1003744.ref066) 2018; 3 MF McCann (pmed.1003744.ref042) 1981; 24 TA Gurman (pmed.1003744.ref023) 2012; 17 V Mogre (pmed.1003744.ref045) 2016; 11 GA Bowen (pmed.1003744.ref064) 2008; 8 pmed.1003744.ref049 AG Tuckett (pmed.1003744.ref065) 2004; 12 J Poushter (pmed.1003744.ref028) 2016 I Mahmood (pmed.1003744.ref052) 2011; 21 G Zou (pmed.1003744.ref059) 2004; 159 S Haroon (pmed.1003744.ref009) 2013; 13 T Greiner (pmed.1003744.ref051) 2014; 9 JW Creswell (pmed.1003744.ref062) 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) (pmed.1003744.ref050) 2008 AE LeFevre (pmed.1003744.ref056) 2019; 8 MR Akinyinka (pmed.1003744.ref057) 2016; 5 Y Bai (pmed.1003744.ref038) 2010; 26 H Barennes (pmed.1003744.ref039) 2012; 7 M Adam (pmed.1003744.ref036) 2019; 19 ML Bell (pmed.1003744.ref060) 2013; 346 T Doherty (pmed.1003744.ref003) 2012; 12 B Coetzee (pmed.1003744.ref015) 2018; 26 F Shen (pmed.1003744.ref020) 2014; 24 JE Kimmons (pmed.1003744.ref007) 2005; 135 K Hemming (pmed.1003744.ref046) 2011; 11 AE Goga (pmed.1003744.ref043) 2012; 7 World Health Organization (WHO) (pmed.1003744.ref025) 2011 T Kreutzer (pmed.1003744.ref031); 38 N Kitano (pmed.1003744.ref041) 2016; 3 I Ford (pmed.1003744.ref034) 2016; 375 M Tomlinson (pmed.1003744.ref011) 2016; 17 L Du Plessis (pmed.1003744.ref005) 2016; 2016 M Mosavel (pmed.1003744.ref016) 2005; 61 LJ Hinyard (pmed.1003744.ref018) 2007; 34 MQ Patton (pmed.1003744.ref063) 1990 |
| References_xml | – volume: 17 start-page: 82 issue: sup1 year: 2012 ident: pmed.1003744.ref023 article-title: Effectiveness of mHealth behavior change communication interventions in developing countries: a systematic review of the literature publication-title: J Health Commun doi: 10.1080/10810730.2011.649160 – volume: 9 start-page: e105934 issue: 10 year: 2014 ident: pmed.1003744.ref014 article-title: A cluster randomised controlled effectiveness trial evaluating perinatal home visiting among South African mothers/infants publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105934 – year: 1986 ident: pmed.1003744.ref067 – volume: 52 start-page: 116 issue: 2 year: 2007 ident: pmed.1003744.ref053 article-title: Randomized controlled trial of very early mother–infant skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding status publication-title: J Midwifery Womens Health doi: 10.1016/j.jmwh.2006.12.002 – ident: pmed.1003744.ref049 – volume: 11 start-page: e0154664 issue: 5 year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref024 article-title: Assessing the effect of mHealth interventions in improving maternal and neonatal care in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154664 – volume-title: Designing and conducting mixed methods research year: 2017 ident: pmed.1003744.ref062 – volume: 15 issue: 1 year: 2013 ident: pmed.1003744.ref027 article-title: Mobile health (mHealth) approaches and lessons for increased performance and retention of community health workers in low-and middle-income countries: a review publication-title: J Med Internet Res doi: 10.2196/jmir.2130 – volume: 2016 start-page: 125 issue: 1 year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref033 article-title: MomConnect: an exemplar implementation of the health normative standards framework in South Africa publication-title: S Afr Health Rev – volume: 5 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref057 article-title: Breastfeeding Knowledge and Practices among Mothers of Children under 2 Years of Age Living in a Military Barrack in Southwest Nigeria publication-title: International Journal of MCH and AIDS doi: 10.21106/ijma.79 – volume: 37 start-page: 201 issue: 2 year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref032 article-title: The MomConnect mHealth initiative in South Africa: Early impact on the supply side of MCH services publication-title: J Public Health Policy doi: 10.1057/s41271-016-0015-2 – year: 2019 ident: pmed.1003744.ref004 – volume: 375 start-page: 454 issue: 5 year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref034 article-title: Pragmatic trials publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1510059 – volume: 7 start-page: e30634 issue: 2 year: 2012 ident: pmed.1003744.ref039 article-title: Breast-milk substitutes: a new old-threat for breastfeeding policy in developing countries. A case study in a traditionally high breastfeeding country publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030634 – volume: 26 start-page: 26 issue: 1 year: 2010 ident: pmed.1003744.ref038 article-title: Predictors of continuation of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life publication-title: J Hum Lact doi: 10.1177/0890334409350168 – volume: 19 start-page: 211 issue: 1 year: 2019 ident: pmed.1003744.ref036 article-title: The Philani MOVIE study: a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a mobile video entertainment-education intervention to promote exclusive breastfeeding in South Africa publication-title: BMC Health Serv Res doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4000-x – volume: 7 start-page: 4 issue: 1 year: 2012 ident: pmed.1003744.ref043 article-title: Infant feeding practices at routine PMTCT sites, South Africa: results of a prospective observational study amongst HIV exposed and unexposed infants-birth to 9 months publication-title: Int Breastfeed J doi: 10.1186/1746-4358-7-4 – volume: 2016 start-page: 109 issue: 1 year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref005 article-title: Breastfeeding in South Africa: are we making progress? publication-title: S Afr Health Rev – volume: 9 start-page: 5 issue: 1 year: 2014 ident: pmed.1003744.ref054 article-title: Breastfeeding and lactation research: exploring a tool to measure infant feeding patterns publication-title: Int Breastfeed J doi: 10.1186/1746-4358-9-5 – volume: 12 start-page: 173 issue: 2 year: 2002 ident: pmed.1003744.ref021 article-title: Entertainment—education and elaboration likelihood: Understanding the processing of narrative persuasion publication-title: Comm Theory – volume: 1 start-page: 160 issue: 2 year: 2013 ident: pmed.1003744.ref026 article-title: mHealth innovations as health system strengthening tools: 12 common applications and a visual framework publication-title: Glob Health Sci Pract doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-13-00031 – volume: 14 start-page: e1002407 issue: 11 year: 2017 ident: pmed.1003744.ref035 article-title: Contemporary disengagement from antiretroviral therapy in Khayelitsha, South Africa: A cohort study publication-title: PLoS Med doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002407 – volume: 23 start-page: 135 issue: 4 year: 2010 ident: pmed.1003744.ref044 article-title: Factors that positively influence breastfeeding duration to 6 months: a literature review publication-title: Women Birth doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2010.02.002 – volume: 24 start-page: 605 issue: 6 year: 2014 ident: pmed.1003744.ref020 article-title: Effectiveness of entertainment education in communicating health information: A systematic review publication-title: Asian J Commun doi: 10.1080/01292986.2014.927895 – volume: 8 start-page: e12173 issue: 4 year: 2019 ident: pmed.1003744.ref056 article-title: Development of a phone survey tool to measure respectful maternity care during pregnancy and childbirth in India: study protocol publication-title: JMIR Res Protoc doi: 10.2196/12173 – volume: 11 start-page: 102 issue: 1 year: 2011 ident: pmed.1003744.ref046 article-title: Sample size calculations for cluster randomised controlled trials with a fixed number of clusters publication-title: BMC Med Res Methodol doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-11-102 – volume: 346 year: 2013 ident: pmed.1003744.ref060 article-title: Differential dropout and bias in randomised controlled trials: when it matters and when it may not publication-title: BMJ – volume: 3 start-page: e000837 issue: 5 year: 2018 ident: pmed.1003744.ref066 article-title: Systematic debriefing after qualitative encounters: an essential analysis step in applied qualitative research publication-title: BMJ Glob Health doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000837 – volume: 12 start-page: 105 issue: 1 year: 2012 ident: pmed.1003744.ref003 article-title: Early cessation of breastfeeding amongst women in South Africa: an area needing urgent attention to improve child health publication-title: BMC Pediatr doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-12-105 – volume: 28 start-page: 170 issue: 4 year: 2015 ident: pmed.1003744.ref048 article-title: Low rates of exclusive breastfeeding are still evident in four South African provinces publication-title: South Afr J Clin Nutr doi: 10.1080/16070658.2015.11734557 – ident: pmed.1003744.ref030 – volume: 26 start-page: S120 issue: 3 year: 2013 ident: pmed.1003744.ref047 article-title: Commitment and capacity for the support of breastfeeding in South Africa: A paediatric food-based dietary guideline publication-title: South Afr J Clin Nutr – volume: 11 start-page: 12 issue: 1 year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref045 article-title: Knowledge, attitudes and determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practice among Ghanaian rural lactating mothers publication-title: Int Breastfeed J doi: 10.1186/s13006-016-0071-z – volume: 159 start-page: 702 issue: 7 year: 2004 ident: pmed.1003744.ref059 article-title: A modified poisson regression approach to prospective studies with binary data publication-title: Am J Epidemiol doi: 10.1093/aje/kwh090 – volume: 24 start-page: 1 year: 1981 ident: pmed.1003744.ref042 article-title: Breast-feeding fertility and family planning publication-title: Popul Rep J – volume: 135 start-page: 444 issue: 3 year: 2005 ident: pmed.1003744.ref007 article-title: Low nutrient intakes among infants in rural Bangladesh are attributable to low intake and micronutrient density of complementary foods publication-title: J Nutr doi: 10.1093/jn/135.3.444 – volume: 61 start-page: 2577 issue: 12 year: 2005 ident: pmed.1003744.ref016 article-title: Community-based participatory research (CBPR) in South Africa: engaging multiple constituents to shape the research question publication-title: Soc Sci Med doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.04.041 – volume: 17 start-page: 937 issue: 8 year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref011 article-title: Thirty-six-month outcomes of a generalist paraprofessional perinatal home visiting intervention in South Africa on maternal health and child health and development publication-title: Prev Sci doi: 10.1007/s11121-016-0676-x – volume: 8 start-page: 137 issue: 1 year: 2008 ident: pmed.1003744.ref064 article-title: Naturalistic inquiry and the saturation concept: a research note publication-title: Qual Res doi: 10.1177/1468794107085301 – volume: 18 start-page: 407 issue: 3 year: 2008 ident: pmed.1003744.ref068 article-title: Toward a theory of entertainment persuasion: Explaining the persuasive effects of entertainment-education messages publication-title: Comm Theory doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2885.2008.00328.x – volume: 9 start-page: 18 issue: 1 year: 2014 ident: pmed.1003744.ref051 article-title: Exclusive breastfeeding: measurement and indicators publication-title: Int Breastfeed J doi: 10.1186/1746-4358-9-18 – volume: 130 start-page: 103466 year: 2020 ident: pmed.1003744.ref013 article-title: Task-sharing of psychological treatment for antenatal depression in Khayelitsha, South Africa: Effects on antenatal and postnatal outcomes in an individual randomised controlled trial publication-title: Behav Res Ther doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2019.103466 – year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref028 – start-page: 157 volume-title: Narrative impact: Social and cognitive foundations year: 2002 ident: pmed.1003744.ref017 – year: 2015 ident: pmed.1003744.ref029 – volume: 38 start-page: 25 issue: 11 ident: pmed.1003744.ref031 article-title: Generation Mobile: Online and Digital Media Usage on Mobile Phones among Low-Income Urban Youth in South Africa publication-title: Digital camera – volume: 147 start-page: 2179S issue: 11 year: 2017 ident: pmed.1003744.ref010 article-title: Integrated interventions delivered in health systems, home, and community have the highest impact on breastfeeding outcomes in low-and middle-income countries publication-title: J Nutr doi: 10.3945/jn.116.242321 – volume: 26 start-page: 167 issue: 2 year: 2018 ident: pmed.1003744.ref015 article-title: Community health workers’ experiences of using video teaching tools during home visits—A pilot study publication-title: Health Soc Care Community doi: 10.1111/hsc.12488 – volume: 14 start-page: 188 issue: 1 year: 2014 ident: pmed.1003744.ref022 article-title: Systematic review on what works, what does not work and why of implementation of mobile health (mHealth) projects in Africa publication-title: BMC Public Health doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-188 – volume: 12 start-page: 47 issue: 1 year: 2004 ident: pmed.1003744.ref065 article-title: Qualitative research sampling: the very real complexities publication-title: Nurse Res doi: 10.7748/nr2004.07.12.1.47.c5930 – volume: 12 start-page: 372 issue: 4 year: 2011 ident: pmed.1003744.ref037 article-title: Philani Plus (+): a Mentor Mother community health worker home visiting program to improve maternal and infants’ outcomes publication-title: Prev Sci doi: 10.1007/s11121-011-0238-1 – volume-title: Part I: definitions year: 2008 ident: pmed.1003744.ref050 – volume: 3 start-page: 121 year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref041 article-title: Combined effects of maternal age and parity on successful initiation of exclusive breastfeeding publication-title: Prev Med Rep doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.12.010 – volume: 27 start-page: 1461 issue: 9 year: 2013 ident: pmed.1003744.ref012 article-title: Outcomes of home visits for pregnant mothers and their infants: a cluster randomised controlled trial publication-title: AIDS doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283601b53 – volume: 6 start-page: 552 issue: 1 year: 2013 ident: pmed.1003744.ref058 article-title: Knowledge, attitude and techniques of breastfeeding among Nigerian mothers from a semi-urban community publication-title: BMC Res Notes doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-552 – volume: 387 start-page: 491 issue: 10017 year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref008 article-title: Why invest, and what it will take to improve breastfeeding practices? publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01044-2 – volume: 49 start-page: 699 issue: 3 year: 2020 ident: pmed.1003744.ref061 article-title: How many imputations do you need? A two-stage calculation using a quadratic rule publication-title: Sociol Methods Res doi: 10.1177/0049124117747303 – volume-title: Qualitative evaluation and research methods year: 1990 ident: pmed.1003744.ref063 – volume: 34 start-page: 777 issue: 5 year: 2007 ident: pmed.1003744.ref018 article-title: Using narrative communication as a tool for health behavior change: a conceptual, theoretical, and empirical overview publication-title: Health Educ Behav doi: 10.1177/1090198106291963 – volume: 31 start-page: 12 issue: 1 year: 2002 ident: pmed.1003744.ref040 article-title: Breastfeeding initiation and duration: a 1990–2000 literature review publication-title: J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2002.tb00019.x – volume: 21 start-page: 601 issue: 10 year: 2011 ident: pmed.1003744.ref052 article-title: Effect of mother-infant early skin-to-skin contact on breastfeeding status: a randomized controlled trial publication-title: J Coll Physicians Surg Pak – volume: 344 start-page: 288 issue: 8918 year: 1994 ident: pmed.1003744.ref006 article-title: Effects of age of introduction of complementary foods on infant breast milk intake, total energy intake, and growth: a randomised intervention study in Honduras publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91337-4 – volume: 378 start-page: 420 issue: 9789 year: 2011 ident: pmed.1003744.ref055 article-title: Exclusive breastfeeding promotion by peer counsellors in sub-Saharan Africa (PROMISE-EBF): a cluster-randomised trial publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60738-1 – volume: 13 start-page: S20 issue: 3 year: 2013 ident: pmed.1003744.ref009 article-title: Breastfeeding promotion interventions and breastfeeding practices: a systematic review publication-title: BMC Public Health doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-S3-S20 – volume: 30 start-page: 193 issue: 3 year: 1999 ident: pmed.1003744.ref019 article-title: Effects of an entertainment-education radio soap opera on family planning behavior in Tanzania publication-title: Stud Fam Plann doi: 10.1111/j.1728-4465.1999.00193.x – volume: 387 start-page: 475 issue: 10017 year: 2016 ident: pmed.1003744.ref001 article-title: Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01024-7 – volume: 104 start-page: 96 year: 2015 ident: pmed.1003744.ref002 article-title: Breastfeeding and maternal health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis publication-title: Acta Paediatr doi: 10.1111/apa.13102 – volume-title: mHealth: New horizons for health through mobile technologies: second global survey on eHealth year: 2011 ident: pmed.1003744.ref025 |
| SSID | ssj0029090 |
| Score | 2.5069141 |
| Snippet | Background In South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped... In South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped promote... Maya Adam and colleagues study a video intervention, delivered by community health workers, to promote breastfeeding in South Africa. BackgroundIn South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped... Background In South Africa, breastfeeding promotion is a national health priority. Regular perinatal home visits by community health workers (CHWs) have helped... |
| SourceID | plos doaj pubmedcentral proquest gale crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database |
| StartPage | e1003744 |
| SubjectTerms | Babies Breast feeding Breastfeeding & lactation Care and treatment Childrens health Clinical trials Community Community health services Coronaviruses Counseling COVID-19 Diabetes E-health Education Educational aspects Health aspects Health promotion Infants Intervention Low income groups Maternal health services Medical personnel Medical research Medicine and Health Sciences Methods Mothers Nutrition research Pandemics People and Places Performance evaluation Research and Analysis Methods Statistical analysis Streaming media Technology application Telemedicine Time use Workers |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3db9MwELdQhRAviE-to4BBCF4wy4fTi3kbqBMTrEMwTXuLbMdZK3VJtbRI41_hn-UucaNGmrQ9IPWhrX9NKt_5PuLz7xh7G46VxKFQ5MYogfmGEcoZEKg6OlESFNima8l3mE7TszP1Y6vVF9WEtfTA7cTtQaS1ClxoY2NkHmoTGamTGNe3KmykDFnfANQmmfKplgqapyvEPybCCMAfmosh3PMy-rhEb0M1AjFI2XNKDXd_Z6EHy0VV98LPfvHkljc6eMge-DCS77d__xG748rH7N6R3yh_wv5OOhZvXhVcc9seBFldCfJbOb-oDNoDTqfwKm6oMn1VtI6Mz7fKIPED_zbTVw6j9XqmP_Cm5R5vuwt94qhknB7J6HLOj45PDyfcLtZEvSDQBebVxfwP3spXwy_wbdMj5Ck7OZicfPkqfB8GYccqCoVW2uq8iIsAg8Uc8jwtQINGiSjMb6QsMGordORijB4gkRAlDoMUF0KeuiKR8TM2KKvS7TAuwTnMoCyGOSB17Mw4AJPg5SxGDTKOhizeyCGznqOcWmUssmbjDTBXaec3I-llXnpDJrpfLVuOjhvwn0nEHZYYtpsvUO8yr3fZTXo3ZK9IQbL2uGpnJ7L9MYBKk-Y2bxoEsWyUVMZzrtd1nR0en94C9Gt6G9DPHui9BxUVzpnV_nwFzjxRfPWQ73rI85bg_DrgqAdEy2N7wzu0ODZzXGdRkuILc2IU5GizYK4fft0N00Wp0K901ZowANRMLUIM9BZaT1z9kXI-a4jRMdJKMWTd_R_yfc7uR1S-RBuQ6YgNVpdr94Ldtb9X8_ryZWNt_gHY6IcI priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – databaseName: Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access dbid: FPL link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwlV3fb9MwELagIMQLPwZohQIGIXgho0mcXMzbQK2Y2LoJpmlvke04a6UuqZYWafwr_LPcJW5Y0CaG1Ie2_pK4Pvvuu_p8x9gbP5YCm3wv01p66G9oT1oNHk4dFUkBEkxdtWQXJpPk-Fge_HEU_9rBD8H_4MZ0a4HWgfb0QxDiJrsVhHFMztb4YLd1sORQDt3xuKuu7JifOkt_q4t7i3lZdYhmN0zygt0Z3__fHj9g9xzD5NvNlHjIbthig4ozu0CODXZnz-2nP2K_Rm2yb17mXHHTnBdZnntk3jJ-WmpUG5wO65VcUwD7Mm_sHZ9diJbED_zrVJ1bJPXVVL3ndWU-3hQh-shxLnL650YVM763f7Qz4ma-ogwNHlrKrDyd_cRHuaD5Ob6tS4k8Zofj0eHnL54r1-CZWAa-p6QyKsvDfIicMoMsS3JQoEyoJbpBQuRI7nIV2BBJBkQCgsgil7E-ZInNIxE-Yb2iLOwm4wKsRUfLIBsCoUKr4yHoCG9nkFyIMOizcC3E1LhU5lRRY57W-3OALk0z1imJIHUi6DOvvWrRpPL4B_4TzY8WS4m46y9Q1qlb1ykESsmh9fFXapH5SgdaKOxkDDI3gdR99pJmV9qcam3VSbodA8gkqh_zukZQMo6Con1O1Kqq0p39o2uAvk-uA_rWAb1zoLzEMTPKHcPAkadMYB3k2w7ypMmDfhlw0AGigjKd5k1aWesxrtIgSvCFrjMKcrBebZc3v2qb6aYUD1jYckUYAKq5FiAGOqu0I65uSzGb1vnTkZAlyGyfXt2vZ-xuQLFLtPuYDFhvebayz9lt82M5q85e1ErnNzGGhG0 priority: 102 providerName: Public Library of Science |
| Title | Evaluation of a community-based mobile video breastfeeding intervention in Khayelitsha, South Africa: The Philani MOVIE cluster-randomized controlled trial |
| URI | https://www.proquest.com/docview/2582589602 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2577731622 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8478218 https://doaj.org/article/72aa90e1c3bb4d1ab2b4a534679fc29b http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003744 |
| Volume | 18 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 1549-1676 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0029090 issn: 1549-1676 databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20040101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Health & Medical Collection customDbUrl: eissn: 1549-1676 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0029090 issn: 1549-1676 databaseCode: 7X7 dateStart: 20041001 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 1549-1676 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0029090 issn: 1549-1676 databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 20041001 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1549-1676 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0029090 issn: 1549-1676 databaseCode: PIMPY dateStart: 20041001 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVATS databaseName: Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access customDbUrl: eissn: 1549-1676 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0029090 issn: 1549-1676 databaseCode: FPL dateStart: 20040101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: http://www.plos.org/publications/ providerName: Public Library of Science |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3db9MwELdgQ4gXPgZogzEMQvBCWJM4vZgXtKFOTGxdNaapPEW242yVuqQsLdL4V_hnuXPcbpEmmMRLlMS_xIl9vg_7fMfYm7ArBRaFQa61DNDe0IG0GgIkHZVIARKMy1qyB_1-OhzKgZ9wq71b5ZwnOkadV4bmyDejBG2ZFPXt6NPkR0BZo2h11afQuM2WKW020TkMLw0u2XFzLBSFLAgjAL91LoZw0_fUhwnKHPIUiEGIlmhyEfwXfHppMq7qlhLadqG8IpN2Hvzv3zxk9702yrca8nnEbtlyhRI5e6ePFXZ336-9P2a_e4vA4LwquOKm2VsyvQhIFOb8rNLIYjht7Ku4Jmf3adHIRj664lmJF_zrqbqwaADUp-o9d1n8eJOw6CNHuuU0y6PKEd8_ON7tcTOeUTSHAKVqXp2NfmFV3sF-jKcu7cgTdrTTO_r8JfCpHQLTlVEYKKmMyou46KD-mUOepwUoUCbWEk0mIQpUBAsV2RgVEkgERIlFvceGkKe2SET8lC2VVWlXGRdgLRplBjUnECq2utsBneDrDCoiIo7WWDzv1Mz4sOeUfWOcubU8QPOnaeuMSCHzpLDGgsVTkybsxz_w20QvCywF7XY3qvOTzPOADCKlZMeG-Jda5KHSkRYKP7ILsjCR1GvsJVFb1uyAXbCebKsLINPEVfPaIShwR0meQSdqVtfZ7sHxDUDf-jcBHbZA7zyoqLDNjPJbNrDlKWpYC_m2hTxpYqZfB1xvAZGZmVbxKo20eRvX2eVAwSfnQ-n64leLYnop-Q6WtpoRBoDys0WIgdaobXVXu6QcnbpY66i8pagFP_t75c_ZvYh8nWi1Ml1nS9PzmX3B7pif01F9vuGYkjumG2x5u9cfHG64uR887gz28N5gd3_w_Q9dqJ5C |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| linkToHtml | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1bb9MwFLbGQMALlwHaYDCDuLwQ1jhOT4yE0IBNq7Z1CKppb5HtOG2lLilLCxp_hd_Af-ScJO0WaYK97IG3tv4SpyfH52KfC2PP_baSOOR7iTHKQ3_DeMoZ8JB1dKgkKLBl15Jd6Hajw0P1eYH9nuXCUFjlTCaWgjrJLe2Rr4sQfZkI7W3xfvzNo65RdLo6a6FRscWOO_mBLlvxrvMJ3-8LIbY2ex-3vbqrgGfbSvieVtrqJA3SFpo-CSRJlIIGbQOj0FqXMkUbJNXCBagLIZQgQocq1_mQRC4NZYC3vcKuohgH8vXg8NS_U61yS4eKnnm-AKgz9QLw12vGeDNGFUeBCQFI2dCEZcOAuVpYHI_yomHzNiM2z6jArdv_GfHusFu1rc03qsVxly24bInaVNchLUvs-l4dWXCP_dqclz3neco1t1XmzOTEI0Wf8KPcoADllLaYc0Oh_JO00vx8eCZuFL_wnYE-cejeFAP9mpc9CnnVjuktx1XJaQ9LZ0O-t3_Q2eR2NKVaFR7aDEl-NPyJU9XpAyP8WDZVuc96l0GlB2wxyzO3zLgE59DltGgXgtSBM-0WmBBvZ9HMkoFYYcGMh2JbF3Wn3iKjuDypBHTuKlrHxHlxzXkrzJtfNa6KmvwD_4HYc46lkuTlD_lxP64lXAxCa9VyPv5LIxNfG2Gkxodsg0qtUGaFrRFzx1V-71ywxhttABWF5TTPSgSVJcko7qmvp0URd_YPLgD62r0I6EsD9KoGpTnSzOo6IQUpTzXRGsiXDWS_qgh_HnC1AURRbRvDy7SwZzQu4tN1iVfOVu75w0_nw3RTiozMXD4lDAB1nxOIgYaQaLyu5kg2HJSV5NE0jdDGf_j3ydfYje3e3m682-nuPGI3BUV10blstMoWJ8dT95hds98nw-L4SSkPOYsvWYT8ASxi86E |
| linkToPdf | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1bb9MwFLZGhyZeuAzQBoMZxOWFsMZx6hgJocE2UW3rKpim8RTZjrNV6pLStKDyV_gl_DvOSdywSBPsZQ-8tfWXOHWOj79jnwshz_yO5NDke4nW0gN7Q3vSauGB6KhQciGFKauW7IleLzo-lv0F8mseC4NulXOdWCrqJDe4R77BQrBlIuDbbCN1bhH9rZ13o68eVpDCk9Z5OY1KRHbt7DuYb8Xb7ha86-eM7WwffvjouQoDnulI5ntKKqOSNEjbQIMSkSRRKpRQJtASmDvnKfCRVDEbwLooQi5YaGH5tb5IIpuGPIDbXiOLwMg5a5HFfne__6W29mS73ODBFGiez4RwcXuB8DecmLwewYKHbgqB4LyxLpblA-pFojUa5kWDATf9N88tiDu3_uOhvE1uOhZON6tpc4cs2GwZC1g7Z5dlsrTvfA7ukp_bdUJ0mqdUUVPF1ExmHlKAhJ7lGlQrxYDGnGp08p-kFSegg3MepfCF7p6qmQXDpzhVr2hZvZBWhZreUJivFHe3VDag-wdH3W1qhlPMYuEBm0jys8EP6MoFFgzhY1lu5R45vIpRuk9aWZ7ZFUK5sBaMUQOMUXAVWN1pCx3C7QwQMB6wVRLM5Sk2Lt07Vh0ZxuUZpgCzrxrrGKUwdlK4Srz6qlGV7uQf-PcoqjUWk5WXP-Tjk9jpvlgwpWTb-vAvNU98pZnmCh6yI2RqmNSrZB0FPa4if2uVG292hJBRWHbztERgwpIM5fVETYsi7h4cXQL0uXcZ0KcG6KUDpTmMmVEuVAVGHrOlNZAvGsiTKlf8RcC1BhCUuGk0r-Akn49xEf-Zo3DlfBZf3Pykbsabos9kZvMpYoTAunQMMKKhMBqvq9mSDU7LHPNAWiNg_w_-3vk6WQLNEe91e7sPyQ2G7l54YButkdZkPLWPyHXzbTIoxo-dcqQkvmId8htAwv3w |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+community-based+mobile+video+breastfeeding+intervention+in+Khayelitsha%2C+South+Africa%3A+The+Philani+MOVIE+cluster-randomized+controlled+trial&rft.jtitle=PLoS+medicine&rft.au=Adam%2C+Maya&rft.au=Johnston%2C+Jamie&rft.au=Job%2C+Nophiwe&rft.au=Dronavalli%2C+Mithilesh&rft.date=2021-09-28&rft.pub=Public+Library+of+Science&rft.issn=1549-1277&rft.eissn=1549-1676&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=9&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.1003744&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34582438&rft.externalDocID=PMC8478218 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1549-1676&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1549-1676&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1549-1676&client=summon |