Hyperactivation of sympathetic nerves drives depletion of melanocyte stem cells

Empirical and anecdotal evidence has associated stress with accelerated hair greying (formation of unpigmented hairs) 1 , 2 , but so far there has been little scientific validation of this link. Here we report that, in mice, acute stress leads to hair greying through the fast depletion of melanocyte...

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Vydáno v:	Nature (London) Ročník 577; číslo 7792; s. 676 - 681
Hlavní autoři:	Zhang, Bing, Ma, Sai, Rachmin, Inbal, He, Megan, Baral, Pankaj, Choi, Sekyu, Gonçalves, William A., Shwartz, Yulia, Fast, Eva M., Su, Yiqun, Zon, Leonard I., Regev, Aviv, Buenrostro, Jason D., Cunha, Thiago M., Chiu, Isaac M., Fisher, David E., Hsu, Ya-Chieh
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 30.01.2020 Nature Publishing Group
Témata:	13/106 13/51 13/95 14/1 14/19 45/91 631/532/2118/2438 631/532/2443 64/110 82/58 96/100 96/31 Ablation Activation Adrenal Glands - metabolism Adrenalectomy Adrenergic receptors Animals Autonomic Pathways - pathology Autonomic Pathways - physiopathology Causes of Cell Proliferation Cells, Cultured Denervation Depletion Female Genetic aspects Gray hair Hair Hair Color - physiology Hormones Humanities and Social Sciences Humans Male Melanocytes - cytology Melanocytes - metabolism Melanocytes - pathology Mice multidisciplinary Nerves Neurotransmitters Noradrenaline Norepinephrine Norepinephrine - metabolism Physiological aspects Physiology Psychological Trauma - pathology Psychological Trauma - physiopathology Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 - deficiency Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 - metabolism Science Science (multidisciplinary) Stem Cell Niche - physiology Stem cell transplantation Stem cells Stem Cells - cytology Stem Cells - metabolism Stem Cells - pathology Stress (Psychology) Stress, Psychological - pathology Stress, Psychological - physiopathology Sympathetic nerves Sympathetic Nervous System - pathology Sympathetic Nervous System - physiopathology United States
ISSN:	0028-0836, 1476-4687, 1476-4687
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Shrnutí:	Empirical and anecdotal evidence has associated stress with accelerated hair greying (formation of unpigmented hairs) 1 , 2 , but so far there has been little scientific validation of this link. Here we report that, in mice, acute stress leads to hair greying through the fast depletion of melanocyte stem cells. Using a combination of adrenalectomy, denervation, chemogenetics 3 , 4 , cell ablation and knockout of the adrenergic receptor specifically in melanocyte stem cells, we find that the stress-induced loss of melanocyte stem cells is independent of immune attack or adrenal stress hormones. Instead, hair greying results from activation of the sympathetic nerves that innervate the melanocyte stem-cell niche. Under conditions of stress, the activation of these sympathetic nerves leads to burst release of the neurotransmitter noradrenaline (also known as norepinephrine). This causes quiescent melanocyte stem cells to proliferate rapidly, and is followed by their differentiation, migration and permanent depletion from the niche. Transient suppression of the proliferation of melanocyte stem cells prevents stress-induced hair greying. Our study demonstrates that neuronal activity that is induced by acute stress can drive a rapid and permanent loss of somatic stem cells, and illustrates an example in which the maintenance of somatic stem cells is directly influenced by the overall physiological state of the organism. Stress induces hair greying in mice through depletion of melanocyte stem cells, which is mediated by the activation of sympathetic nerves rather than through immune attack or adrenal stress hormones.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	0028-0836 1476-4687 1476-4687
DOI:	10.1038/s41586-020-1935-3