The exoskeleton expansion: improving walking and running economy

Since the early 2000s, researchers have been trying to develop lower-limb exoskeletons that augment human mobility by reducing the metabolic cost of walking and running versus without a device. In 2013, researchers finally broke this ‘metabolic cost barrier’. We analyzed the literature through Decem...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation Jg. 17; H. 1; S. 25 - 9
Hauptverfasser: Sawicki, Gregory S., Beck, Owen N., Kang, Inseung, Young, Aaron J.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London BioMed Central 19.02.2020
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Schlagworte:
Actuators
Ambulation aids
Ankle
Assistive devices
Biomechanical Phenomena
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Biomedicine
Control equipment
Cost analysis
Design and construction
Economics
Energetic
Exoskeleton
Exoskeleton Device - trends
Exoskeletons
Human performance
Humans
Legs
Lower Extremity - physiology
Male
Marathons
Medical research
Metabolic cost
Metabolism
Mobility
Neurology
Neurosciences
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Rehabilitation Medicine
Researchers
Review
Robotics
Robotics - instrumentation
Robotics industry
Run
Running
Running - physiology
Technological innovations
Technology
Walk
Walking
Walking - physiology
Wearable robotics
Weeds
United States
Walk
Augmentation
Economy
Energetic
Wearable robotics
Run
Assistive devices
Metabolic cost
ISSN:1743-0003, 1743-0003
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:Since the early 2000s, researchers have been trying to develop lower-limb exoskeletons that augment human mobility by reducing the metabolic cost of walking and running versus without a device. In 2013, researchers finally broke this ‘metabolic cost barrier’. We analyzed the literature through December 2019, and identified 23 studies that demonstrate exoskeleton designs that improved human walking and running economy beyond capable without a device. Here, we reviewed these studies and highlighted key innovations and techniques that enabled these devices to surpass the metabolic cost barrier and steadily improve user walking and running economy from 2013 to nearly 2020. These studies include, physiologically-informed targeting of lower-limb joints; use of off-board actuators to rapidly prototype exoskeleton controllers; mechatronic designs of both active and passive systems; and a renewed focus on human-exoskeleton interface design. Lastly, we highlight emerging trends that we anticipate will further augment wearable-device performance and pose the next grand challenges facing exoskeleton technology for augmenting human mobility.
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ISSN:1743-0003
1743-0003
DOI:10.1186/s12984-020-00663-9