Social norms and beliefs about gender based violence scale: a measure for use with gender based violence prevention programs in low-resource and humanitarian settings

Background Gender-based violence (GBV) primary prevention programs seek to facilitate change by addressing the underlying causes and drivers of violence against women and girls at a population level. Social norms are contextually and socially derived collective expectations of appropriate behaviors....

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Vydané v:	Conflict and health Ročník 13; číslo 1; s. 6 - 12
Hlavní autori:	Perrin, Nancy, Marsh, Mendy, Clough, Amber, Desgroppes, Amelie, Yope Phanuel, Clement, Abdi, Ali, Kaburu, Francesco, Heitmann, Silje, Yamashina, Masumi, Ross, Brendan, Read-Hamilton, Sophie, Turner, Rachael, Heise, Lori, Glass, Nancy
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	London BioMed Central 08.03.2019 BioMed Central Ltd Springer Nature B.V BMC
Predmet:	Abused women Aggression Analysis Beliefs Change agents Children Community Conflict Studies Control Domains Domestic violence Emergency Medicine Empowerment Epidemiology Equality Families & family life Females Gender differences Gender equity Gender-based violence Generalizability Girls Global health Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Health Services Research Humanitarian Humanitarianism Indexes Measures Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metrics Mothers Motor vehicle drivers Norms Population Prevention Prevention programs Property Public Health Public opinion Purity Qualitative research Quantitative analysis Quantitative psychology Reliability Reliability aspects Risk factors Scale Sex crimes Sexual assault Sexual violence Social aspects Social factors Social norms Test procedures Violence Violence against women Women Somalia New York Bangladesh South Sudan United States > US Sudan Humanitarian Global health Metrics Scale Gender-based violence Social norms
ISSN:	1752-1505, 1752-1505
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Shrnutí:	Background Gender-based violence (GBV) primary prevention programs seek to facilitate change by addressing the underlying causes and drivers of violence against women and girls at a population level. Social norms are contextually and socially derived collective expectations of appropriate behaviors. Harmful social norms that sustain GBV include women’s sexual purity, protecting family honor over women’s safety, and men’s authority to discipline women and children. To evaluate the impact of GBV prevention programs, our team sought to develop a brief, valid, and reliable measure to examine change over time in harmful social norms and personal beliefs that maintain and tolerate sexual violence and other forms of GBV against women and girls in low resource and complex humanitarian settings. Methods The development and testing of the scale was conducted in two phases: 1) formative phase of qualitative inquiry to identify social norms and personal beliefs that sustain and justify GBV perpetration against women and girls; and 2) testing phase using quantitative methods to conduct a psychometric evaluation of the new scale in targeted areas of Somalia and South Sudan. Results The Social Norms and Beliefs about GBV Scale was administered to 602 randomly selected men ( N = 301) and women (N = 301) community members age 15 years and older across Mogadishu, Somalia and Yei and Warrup, South Sudan. The psychometric properties of the 30-item scale are strong. Each of the three subscales, “Response to Sexual Violence,” “Protecting Family Honor,” and “Husband’s Right to Use Violence” within the two domains, personal beliefs and injunctive social norms, illustrate good factor structure, acceptable internal consistency, reliability, and are supported by the significance of the hypothesized group differences. Conclusions We encourage and recommend that researchers and practitioners apply the Social Norms and Beliefs about GBV Scale in different humanitarian and global LMIC settings and collect parallel data on a range of GBV outcomes. This will allow us to further validate the scale by triangulating its findings with GBV experiences and perpetration and assess its generalizability across diverse settings.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	1752-1505 1752-1505
DOI:	10.1186/s13031-019-0189-x