Risky Development: Increasing Exposure to Natural Hazards in the United States

Losses from natural hazards are escalating dramatically, with more properties and critical infrastructure affected each year. Although the magnitude, intensity, and/or frequency of certain hazards has increased, development contributes to this unsustainable trend, as disasters emerge when natural di...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Earth's future Jg. 9; H. 7; S. e2020EF001795 - n/a
Hauptverfasser:	Iglesias, Virginia, Braswell, Anna E., Rossi, Matthew W., Joseph, Maxwell B., McShane, Caitlin, Cattau, Megan, Koontz, Michael J., McGlinchy, Joe, Nagy, R. Chelsea, Balch, Jennifer, Leyk, Stefan, Travis, William R.
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.07.2021 John Wiley and Sons Inc Wiley
Schlagworte:	Abrupt/Rapid Climate Change Air/Sea Constituent Fluxes Air/Sea Interactions Atmospheric Atmospheric Composition and Structure Atmospheric Effects Atmospheric Processes Avalanches Benefit‐cost Analysis Biogeosciences Buildings Case studies Climate and Interannual Variability Climate change Climate Change and Variability Climate Dynamics Climate effects Climate Impact Climate Impacts Climate Variability Climatic changes Climatology Computational Geophysics Cryosphere Datasets Decadal Ocean Variability Disaster Risk Analysis and Assessment Disasters Earth System Modeling Earthquake Ground Motions and Engineering Seismology Earthquakes Economic aspects Effusive Volcanism Environmental aspects Explosive Volcanism Exposure Floods Forecasts and trends General Circulation Geodesy and Gravity Geological Global Change Global Change from Geodesy Gravity and Isostasy Hazards Historic sites Hurricanes Hydrological Cycles and Budgets Hydrology Impacts of Global Change Influence Informatics Land use Land/Atmosphere Interactions Marine Geology and Geophysics Market trend/market analysis Mass Balance Mathematical Geophysics Methods Modeling Mud Volcanism Multihazards Natural disaster damage Natural disasters Natural disturbance Natural Hazards Nonlinear Geophysics Numerical Modeling Numerical Solutions Ocean influence of Earth rotation Ocean Monitoring with Geodetic Techniques Ocean/Atmosphere Interactions Ocean/Earth/atmosphere/hydrosphere/cryosphere interactions Oceanic Oceanography: General Oceanography: Physical Oceans Office buildings Paleoceanography Physical Modeling Policy Sciences Radio Oceanography Radio Science Regional Climate Change Regional Modeling Remote Sensing Remote Sensing and Disasters Remote Sensing of Volcanoes Risk Risk assessment Sea Level Change Sea Level: Variations and Mean Seismic activity Seismology Social aspects Solid Earth Space Geodetic Surveys Storm damage Surface Waves and Tides Theoretical Modeling Tornadoes Tsunamis and Storm Surges United States Volcanic Effects Volcanic Hazards and Risks Volcano Monitoring Volcano Seismology Volcano/Climate Interactions Volcanology vulnerability Water Cycles Wildfires Wind Zillow United States Sacramento Valley United States > US Zillow natural hazards risk vulnerability exposure
ISSN:	2328-4277, 2328-4277
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:	Losses from natural hazards are escalating dramatically, with more properties and critical infrastructure affected each year. Although the magnitude, intensity, and/or frequency of certain hazards has increased, development contributes to this unsustainable trend, as disasters emerge when natural disturbances meet vulnerable assets and populations. To diagnose development patterns leading to increased exposure in the conterminous United States (CONUS), we identified earthquake, flood, hurricane, tornado, and wildfire hazard hotspots, and overlaid them with land use information from the Historical Settlement Data Compilation data set. Our results show that 57% of structures (homes, schools, hospitals, office buildings, etc.) are located in hazard hotspots, which represent only a third of CONUS area, and ∼1.5 million buildings lie in hotspots for two or more hazards. These critical levels of exposure are the legacy of decades of sustained growth and point to our inability, lack of knowledge, or unwillingness to limit development in hazardous zones. Development in these areas is still growing more rapidly than the baseline rates for the nation, portending larger future losses even if the effects of climate change are not considered. Key Points More than half of the structures in the conterminous United States are exposed to potentially devastating natural hazards Growth rates in hazard hotspots exceed the national trend Risk assessments can be improved by considering multiple hazards, mitigation history and fine‐scale data on the built environment
Bibliographie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	2328-4277 2328-4277
DOI:	10.1029/2020EF001795