Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Herd Immunity after Introduction of Vaccination Program, Scotland, 2009–2013

In 2008, a national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program using a bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18 was implemented in Scotland along with a national surveillance program designed to determine the longitudinal effects of vaccination on HPV infection at the population level. Each...

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Vydáno v:	Emerging infectious diseases Ročník 22; číslo 1; s. 56 - 64
Hlavní autoři:	Cameron, Ross L., Kavanagh, Kimberley, Pan, Jiafeng, Love, John, Cuschieri, Kate, Robertson, Chris, Ahmed, Syed, Palmer, Timothy, Pollock, Kevin G.J.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 01.01.2016 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Témata:	Adult cancer screening Cervical cancer Cross Protection - immunology Female Health aspects herd immunity Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Herd Immunity after of Vaccination Program, Scotland, 2009–2013 human papillomavirus vaccine Humans Immunity, Herd - immunology Immunization Programs - methods Infection Papillomaviridae - immunology Papillomavirus Infections - epidemiology Papillomavirus Infections - immunology Papillomavirus Vaccines - immunology Papillomaviruses Prevalence Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) Scotland - epidemiology Vaccination Vaccination - methods viruses Young Adult Scotland United Kingdom herd immunity prevalence viruses cancer screening Scotland human papillomavirus vaccine cervical cancer HPV vaccination
ISSN:	1080-6040, 1080-6059, 1080-6059
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Abstract	In 2008, a national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program using a bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18 was implemented in Scotland along with a national surveillance program designed to determine the longitudinal effects of vaccination on HPV infection at the population level. Each year during 2009-2013, the surveillance program conducted HPV testing on a proportion of liquid-based cytology samples from women undergoing their first cervical screening test for precancerous cervical disease. By linking vaccination, cervical screening, and HPV testing data, over the study period we found a decline in HPV types 16 and 18, significant decreases in HPV types 31, 33, and 45 (suggesting cross-protection), and a nonsignificant increase in HPV 51. In addition, among nonvaccinated women, HPV types 16 and 18 infections were significantly lower in 2013 than in 2009. Our results preliminarily indicate herd immunity and sustained effectiveness of the bivalent vaccine on virologic outcomes at the population level.
AbstractList	Prevalence was reduced, and early evidence indicates herd immunity. In 2008, a national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program using a bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18 was implemented in Scotland along with a national surveillance program designed to determine the longitudinal effects of vaccination on HPV infection at the population level. Each year during 2009–2013, the surveillance program conducted HPV testing on a proportion of liquid-based cytology samples from women undergoing their first cervical screening test for precancerous cervical disease. By linking vaccination, cervical screening, and HPV testing data, over the study period we found a decline in HPV types 16 and 18, significant decreases in HPV types 31, 33, and 45 (suggesting cross-protection), and a nonsignificant increase in HPV 51. In addition, among nonvaccinated women, HPV types 16 and 18 infections were significantly lower in 2013 than in 2009. Our results preliminarily indicate herd immunity and sustained effectiveness of the bivalent vaccine on virologic outcomes at the population level. In 2008, a national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program using a bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18 was implemented in Scotland along with a national surveillance program designed to determine the longitudinal effects of vaccination on HPV infection at the population level. Each year during 2009-2013, the surveillance program conducted HPV testing on a proportion of liquid-based cytology samples from women undergoing their first cervical screening test for precancerous cervical disease. By linking vaccination, cervical screening, and HPV testing data, over the study period we found a decline in HPV types 16 and 18, significant decreases in HPV types 31, 33, and 45 (suggesting cross-protection), and a nonsignificant increase in HPV 51. In addition, among nonvaccinated women, HPV types 16 and 18 infections were significantly lower in 2013 than in 2009. Our results preliminarily indicate herd immunity and sustained effectiveness of the bivalent vaccine on virologic outcomes at the population level.In 2008, a national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program using a bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18 was implemented in Scotland along with a national surveillance program designed to determine the longitudinal effects of vaccination on HPV infection at the population level. Each year during 2009-2013, the surveillance program conducted HPV testing on a proportion of liquid-based cytology samples from women undergoing their first cervical screening test for precancerous cervical disease. By linking vaccination, cervical screening, and HPV testing data, over the study period we found a decline in HPV types 16 and 18, significant decreases in HPV types 31, 33, and 45 (suggesting cross-protection), and a nonsignificant increase in HPV 51. In addition, among nonvaccinated women, HPV types 16 and 18 infections were significantly lower in 2013 than in 2009. Our results preliminarily indicate herd immunity and sustained effectiveness of the bivalent vaccine on virologic outcomes at the population level. In 2008, a national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program using a bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18 was implemented in Scotland along with a national surveillance program designed to determine the longitudinal effects of vaccination on HPV infection at the population level. Each year during 2009-2013, the surveillance program conducted HPV testing on a proportion of liquid-based cytology samples from women undergoing their first cervical screening test for precancerous cervical disease. By linking vaccination, cervical screening, and HPV testing data, over the study period we found a decline in HPV types 16 and 18, significant decreases in HPV types 31, 33, and 45 (suggesting cross-protection), and a nonsignificant increase in HPV 51. In addition, among nonvaccinated women, HPV types 16 and 18 infections were significantly lower in 2013 than in 2009. Our results preliminarily indicate herd immunity and sustained effectiveness of the bivalent vaccine on virologic outcomes at the population level.
Audience	Professional Academic
Author	Palmer, Timothy Love, John Cuschieri, Kate Kavanagh, Kimberley Pollock, Kevin G.J. Robertson, Chris Cameron, Ross L. Pan, Jiafeng Ahmed, Syed
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BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26692336$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	In 2008, a national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program using a bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18 was implemented in Scotland along with... Prevalence was reduced, and early evidence indicates herd immunity. In 2008, a national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program using a bivalent...
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SubjectTerms	Adult cancer screening Cervical cancer Cross Protection - immunology Female Health aspects herd immunity Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Herd Immunity after of Vaccination Program, Scotland, 2009–2013 human papillomavirus vaccine Humans Immunity, Herd - immunology Immunization Programs - methods Infection Papillomaviridae - immunology Papillomavirus Infections - epidemiology Papillomavirus Infections - immunology Papillomavirus Vaccines - immunology Papillomaviruses Prevalence Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) Scotland - epidemiology Vaccination Vaccination - methods viruses Young Adult
Title	Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Herd Immunity after Introduction of Vaccination Program, Scotland, 2009–2013
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