Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Herd Immunity after Introduction of Vaccination Program, Scotland, 2009–2013

In 2008, a national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program using a bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18 was implemented in Scotland along with a national surveillance program designed to determine the longitudinal effects of vaccination on HPV infection at the population level. Each...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Emerging infectious diseases Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 56 - 64
Main Authors: Cameron, Ross L., Kavanagh, Kimberley, Pan, Jiafeng, Love, John, Cuschieri, Kate, Robertson, Chris, Ahmed, Syed, Palmer, Timothy, Pollock, Kevin G.J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 01.01.2016
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Subjects:
Adult
cancer screening
Cervical cancer
Cross Protection - immunology
Female
Health aspects
herd immunity
Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Herd Immunity after of Vaccination Program, Scotland, 2009–2013
human papillomavirus vaccine
Humans
Immunity, Herd - immunology
Immunization Programs - methods
Infection
Papillomaviridae - immunology
Papillomavirus Infections - epidemiology
Papillomavirus Infections - immunology
Papillomavirus Vaccines - immunology
Papillomaviruses
Prevalence
Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)
Scotland - epidemiology
Vaccination
Vaccination - methods
viruses
Young Adult
Scotland
United Kingdom
herd immunity
prevalence
viruses
cancer screening
Scotland
human papillomavirus vaccine
cervical cancer
HPV
vaccination
ISSN:1080-6040, 1080-6059, 1080-6059
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:In 2008, a national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program using a bivalent vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18 was implemented in Scotland along with a national surveillance program designed to determine the longitudinal effects of vaccination on HPV infection at the population level. Each year during 2009-2013, the surveillance program conducted HPV testing on a proportion of liquid-based cytology samples from women undergoing their first cervical screening test for precancerous cervical disease. By linking vaccination, cervical screening, and HPV testing data, over the study period we found a decline in HPV types 16 and 18, significant decreases in HPV types 31, 33, and 45 (suggesting cross-protection), and a nonsignificant increase in HPV 51. In addition, among nonvaccinated women, HPV types 16 and 18 infections were significantly lower in 2013 than in 2009. Our results preliminarily indicate herd immunity and sustained effectiveness of the bivalent vaccine on virologic outcomes at the population level.
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ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid2201.150736