High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Swaziland, 2009–2010

In Africa, although emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) represents a serious threat in countries severely affected by the HIV epidemic, most countries lack drug-resistant TB data. This finding was particularly true in the Kingdom of Swaziland, which has the world's highest...

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Published in:Emerging infectious diseases Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 29 - 37
Main Authors: Sanchez-Padilla, Elisabeth, Dlamini, Themba, Ascorra, Alexandra, Rüsch-Gerdes, Sabine, Tefera, Zerihun Demissie, Calain, Philippe, de la Tour, Roberto, Jochims, Frauke, Richter, Elvira, Bonnet, Maryline
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 01.01.2012
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Antimalarials - pharmacology
bacteria
Care and treatment
Cross-Sectional Studies
drug resistance
Drug resistance in microorganisms
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
Female
Health aspects
HIV (Viruses)
HIV infection
Humans
Male
MDR
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
multidrug resistance
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Population Surveillance
Prevalence
Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)
Surveys
Swaziland - epidemiology
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - epidemiology
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - epidemiology
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - microbiology
Young Adult
Swaziland
South Africa
ISSN:1080-6040, 1080-6059, 1080-6059
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:In Africa, although emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) represents a serious threat in countries severely affected by the HIV epidemic, most countries lack drug-resistant TB data. This finding was particularly true in the Kingdom of Swaziland, which has the world's highest HIV and TB prevalences. Therefore, we conducted a national survey in 2009-2010 to measure prevalence of drug-resistant TB. Of 988 patients screened, 420 new case-patients and 420 previously treated case-patients met the study criteria. Among culture-positive patients, 15.3% new case-patients and 49.5% previously treated case-patients harbored drug-resistant strains. MDR TB prevalence was 7.7% and 33.8% among new case-patients and previously treated case-patients, respectively. HIV infection and past TB treatment were independently associated with MDR TB. The findings assert the need for wide-scale intervention in resource-limited contexts such as Swaziland, where diagnostic and treatment facilities and health personnel are lacking.
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ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid1801.110850