Medium and long-term risks of specific cardiovascular diseases in survivors of 20 adult cancers: a population-based cohort study using multiple linked UK electronic health records databases

The past few decades have seen substantial improvements in cancer survival, but concerns exist about long-term cardiovascular disease risk in survivors. Evidence is scarce on the risks of specific cardiovascular diseases in survivors of a wide range of cancers to inform prevention and management. In...

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Vydáno v:The Lancet (British edition) Ročník 394; číslo 10203; s. 1041 - 1054
Hlavní autoři: Strongman, Helen, Gadd, Sarah, Matthews, Anthony, Mansfield, Kathryn E, Stanway, Susannah, Lyon, Alexander R, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Smeeth, Liam, Bhaskaran, Krishnan
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Elsevier Ltd 21.09.2019
Elsevier Limited
Elsevier
Témata:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Arrhythmia
Bladder
Blood cancer
Cancer Survivors - statistics & numerical data
Cancer therapies
Cardiomyopathy
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Case-Control Studies
Chemotherapy
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Congestive heart failure
Coronary artery
Coronary artery disease
Coronary vessels
Diagnosis
Electronic health records
Electronic medical records
Esophagus
Female
Health care
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Heart diseases
Heart failure
Hematology
Humans
Incidence
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Male
Medical diagnosis
Melanoma
Middle Aged
Multiple myeloma
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Pancreatic cancer
Patients
Pericarditis
Population
Population studies
Population-based studies
Primary care
Proportional Hazards Models
Prostate
Prostate cancer
Registries
Risk
Risk Assessment
Risk factors
Stroke
Survival
Thromboembolism
United Kingdom - epidemiology
Young Adult
Young adults
United Kingdom
United Kingdom > UK
ISSN:0140-6736, 1474-547X, 1474-547X
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Abstract The past few decades have seen substantial improvements in cancer survival, but concerns exist about long-term cardiovascular disease risk in survivors. Evidence is scarce on the risks of specific cardiovascular diseases in survivors of a wide range of cancers to inform prevention and management. In this study, we used large-scale electronic health records data from multiple linked UK databases to address these evidence gaps. For this population-based cohort study, we used linked primary care, hospital, and cancer registry data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink to identify cohorts of survivors of the 20 most common cancers who were 18 years or older and alive 12 months after diagnosis and controls without history of cancer, matched for age, sex, and general practice. We compared risks for a range of cardiovascular disease outcomes using crude and adjusted Cox models. We fitted interactions to investigate effect modification, and flexible parametric survival models to estimate absolute excess risks over time. Between Jan 1, 1990, and Dec 31, 2015, 126 120 individuals with a diagnosis of a cancer of interest still being followed up at least 1 year later were identified and matched to 630 144 controls. After exclusions, 108 215 cancer survivors and 523 541 controls were included in the main analyses. Venous thromboembolism risk was elevated in survivors of 18 of 20 site-specific cancers compared with that of controls; adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) ranged from 1·72 (95% CI 1·57–1·89) in patients after prostate cancer to 9·72 (5·50–17·18) after pancreatic cancer. HRs decreased over time, but remained elevated more than 5 years after diagnosis. We observed increased risks of heart failure or cardiomyopathy in patients after ten of 20 cancers, including haematological (adjusted HR 1·94, 1·66–2·25, with non-Hodgkin lymphoma; 1·77, 1·50–2·09, with leukaemia; and 3·29, 2·59–4·18, with multiple myeloma), oesophageal (1·96, 1·46–2·64), lung (1·82, 1·52–2·17) kidney (1·73, 1·38–2·17) and ovarian (1·59, 1·19–2·12). Elevated risks of arrhythmia, pericarditis, coronary artery disease, stroke, and valvular heart disease were also observed for multiple cancers, including haematological malignancies. HRs for heart failure or cardiomyopathy and venous thromboembolism were greater in patients without previous cardiovascular disease and in younger patients. However, absolute excess risks were generally greater with increasing age. Increased risks of these outcomes seemed most pronounced in patients who had received chemotherapy. Survivors of most site-specific cancers had increased medium-term to long-term risk for one or more cardiovascular diseases compared with that for the general population, with substantial variations between cancer sites. Wellcome Trust and Royal Society.
AbstractList The past few decades have seen substantial improvements in cancer survival, but concerns exist about long-term cardiovascular disease risk in survivors. Evidence is scarce on the risks of specific cardiovascular diseases in survivors of a wide range of cancers to inform prevention and management. In this study, we used large-scale electronic health records data from multiple linked UK databases to address these evidence gaps. For this population-based cohort study, we used linked primary care, hospital, and cancer registry data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink to identify cohorts of survivors of the 20 most common cancers who were 18 years or older and alive 12 months after diagnosis and controls without history of cancer, matched for age, sex, and general practice. We compared risks for a range of cardiovascular disease outcomes using crude and adjusted Cox models. We fitted interactions to investigate effect modification, and flexible parametric survival models to estimate absolute excess risks over time. Between Jan 1, 1990, and Dec 31, 2015, 126 120 individuals with a diagnosis of a cancer of interest still being followed up at least 1 year later were identified and matched to 630 144 controls. After exclusions, 108 215 cancer survivors and 523 541 controls were included in the main analyses. Venous thromboembolism risk was elevated in survivors of 18 of 20 site-specific cancers compared with that of controls; adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) ranged from 1·72 (95% CI 1·57–1·89) in patients after prostate cancer to 9·72 (5·50–17·18) after pancreatic cancer. HRs decreased over time, but remained elevated more than 5 years after diagnosis. We observed increased risks of heart failure or cardiomyopathy in patients after ten of 20 cancers, including haematological (adjusted HR 1·94, 1·66–2·25, with non-Hodgkin lymphoma; 1·77, 1·50–2·09, with leukaemia; and 3·29, 2·59–4·18, with multiple myeloma), oesophageal (1·96, 1·46–2·64), lung (1·82, 1·52–2·17) kidney (1·73, 1·38–2·17) and ovarian (1·59, 1·19–2·12). Elevated risks of arrhythmia, pericarditis, coronary artery disease, stroke, and valvular heart disease were also observed for multiple cancers, including haematological malignancies. HRs for heart failure or cardiomyopathy and venous thromboembolism were greater in patients without previous cardiovascular disease and in younger patients. However, absolute excess risks were generally greater with increasing age. Increased risks of these outcomes seemed most pronounced in patients who had received chemotherapy. Survivors of most site-specific cancers had increased medium-term to long-term risk for one or more cardiovascular diseases compared with that for the general population, with substantial variations between cancer sites. Wellcome Trust and Royal Society.
The past few decades have seen substantial improvements in cancer survival, but concerns exist about long-term cardiovascular disease risk in survivors. Evidence is scarce on the risks of specific cardiovascular diseases in survivors of a wide range of cancers to inform prevention and management. In this study, we used large-scale electronic health records data from multiple linked UK databases to address these evidence gaps.BACKGROUNDThe past few decades have seen substantial improvements in cancer survival, but concerns exist about long-term cardiovascular disease risk in survivors. Evidence is scarce on the risks of specific cardiovascular diseases in survivors of a wide range of cancers to inform prevention and management. In this study, we used large-scale electronic health records data from multiple linked UK databases to address these evidence gaps.For this population-based cohort study, we used linked primary care, hospital, and cancer registry data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink to identify cohorts of survivors of the 20 most common cancers who were 18 years or older and alive 12 months after diagnosis and controls without history of cancer, matched for age, sex, and general practice. We compared risks for a range of cardiovascular disease outcomes using crude and adjusted Cox models. We fitted interactions to investigate effect modification, and flexible parametric survival models to estimate absolute excess risks over time.METHODSFor this population-based cohort study, we used linked primary care, hospital, and cancer registry data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink to identify cohorts of survivors of the 20 most common cancers who were 18 years or older and alive 12 months after diagnosis and controls without history of cancer, matched for age, sex, and general practice. We compared risks for a range of cardiovascular disease outcomes using crude and adjusted Cox models. We fitted interactions to investigate effect modification, and flexible parametric survival models to estimate absolute excess risks over time.Between Jan 1, 1990, and Dec 31, 2015, 126 120 individuals with a diagnosis of a cancer of interest still being followed up at least 1 year later were identified and matched to 630 144 controls. After exclusions, 108 215 cancer survivors and 523 541 controls were included in the main analyses. Venous thromboembolism risk was elevated in survivors of 18 of 20 site-specific cancers compared with that of controls; adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) ranged from 1·72 (95% CI 1·57-1·89) in patients after prostate cancer to 9·72 (5·50-17·18) after pancreatic cancer. HRs decreased over time, but remained elevated more than 5 years after diagnosis. We observed increased risks of heart failure or cardiomyopathy in patients after ten of 20 cancers, including haematological (adjusted HR 1·94, 1·66-2·25, with non-Hodgkin lymphoma; 1·77, 1·50-2·09, with leukaemia; and 3·29, 2·59-4·18, with multiple myeloma), oesophageal (1·96, 1·46-2·64), lung (1·82, 1·52-2·17) kidney (1·73, 1·38-2·17) and ovarian (1·59, 1·19-2·12). Elevated risks of arrhythmia, pericarditis, coronary artery disease, stroke, and valvular heart disease were also observed for multiple cancers, including haematological malignancies. HRs for heart failure or cardiomyopathy and venous thromboembolism were greater in patients without previous cardiovascular disease and in younger patients. However, absolute excess risks were generally greater with increasing age. Increased risks of these outcomes seemed most pronounced in patients who had received chemotherapy.FINDINGSBetween Jan 1, 1990, and Dec 31, 2015, 126 120 individuals with a diagnosis of a cancer of interest still being followed up at least 1 year later were identified and matched to 630 144 controls. After exclusions, 108 215 cancer survivors and 523 541 controls were included in the main analyses. Venous thromboembolism risk was elevated in survivors of 18 of 20 site-specific cancers compared with that of controls; adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) ranged from 1·72 (95% CI 1·57-1·89) in patients after prostate cancer to 9·72 (5·50-17·18) after pancreatic cancer. HRs decreased over time, but remained elevated more than 5 years after diagnosis. We observed increased risks of heart failure or cardiomyopathy in patients after ten of 20 cancers, including haematological (adjusted HR 1·94, 1·66-2·25, with non-Hodgkin lymphoma; 1·77, 1·50-2·09, with leukaemia; and 3·29, 2·59-4·18, with multiple myeloma), oesophageal (1·96, 1·46-2·64), lung (1·82, 1·52-2·17) kidney (1·73, 1·38-2·17) and ovarian (1·59, 1·19-2·12). Elevated risks of arrhythmia, pericarditis, coronary artery disease, stroke, and valvular heart disease were also observed for multiple cancers, including haematological malignancies. HRs for heart failure or cardiomyopathy and venous thromboembolism were greater in patients without previous cardiovascular disease and in younger patients. However, absolute excess risks were generally greater with increasing age. Increased risks of these outcomes seemed most pronounced in patients who had received chemotherapy.Survivors of most site-specific cancers had increased medium-term to long-term risk for one or more cardiovascular diseases compared with that for the general population, with substantial variations between cancer sites.INTERPRETATIONSurvivors of most site-specific cancers had increased medium-term to long-term risk for one or more cardiovascular diseases compared with that for the general population, with substantial variations between cancer sites.Wellcome Trust and Royal Society.FUNDINGWellcome Trust and Royal Society.
Summary Background The past few decades have seen substantial improvements in cancer survival, but concerns exist about long-term cardiovascular disease risk in survivors. Evidence is scarce on the risks of specific cardiovascular diseases in survivors of a wide range of cancers to inform prevention and management. In this study, we used large-scale electronic health records data from multiple linked UK databases to address these evidence gaps. Methods For this population-based cohort study, we used linked primary care, hospital, and cancer registry data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink to identify cohorts of survivors of the 20 most common cancers who were 18 years or older and alive 12 months after diagnosis and controls without history of cancer, matched for age, sex, and general practice. We compared risks for a range of cardiovascular disease outcomes using crude and adjusted Cox models. We fitted interactions to investigate effect modification, and flexible parametric survival models to estimate absolute excess risks over time. Findings Between Jan 1, 1990, and Dec 31, 2015, 126 120 individuals with a diagnosis of a cancer of interest still being followed up at least 1 year later were identified and matched to 630 144 controls. After exclusions, 108 215 cancer survivors and 523 541 controls were included in the main analyses. Venous thromboembolism risk was elevated in survivors of 18 of 20 site-specific cancers compared with that of controls; adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) ranged from 1·72 (95% CI 1·57–1·89) in patients after prostate cancer to 9·72 (5·50–17·18) after pancreatic cancer. HRs decreased over time, but remained elevated more than 5 years after diagnosis. We observed increased risks of heart failure or cardiomyopathy in patients after ten of 20 cancers, including haematological (adjusted HR 1·94, 1·66–2·25, with non-Hodgkin lymphoma; 1·77, 1·50–2·09, with leukaemia; and 3·29, 2·59–4·18, with multiple myeloma), oesophageal (1·96, 1·46–2·64), lung (1·82, 1·52–2·17) kidney (1·73, 1·38–2·17) and ovarian (1·59, 1·19–2·12). Elevated risks of arrhythmia, pericarditis, coronary artery disease, stroke, and valvular heart disease were also observed for multiple cancers, including haematological malignancies. HRs for heart failure or cardiomyopathy and venous thromboembolism were greater in patients without previous cardiovascular disease and in younger patients. However, absolute excess risks were generally greater with increasing age. Increased risks of these outcomes seemed most pronounced in patients who had received chemotherapy. Interpretation Survivors of most site-specific cancers had increased medium-term to long-term risk for one or more cardiovascular diseases compared with that for the general population, with substantial variations between cancer sites. Funding Wellcome Trust and Royal Society.
Author Gadd, Sarah
Matthews, Anthony
Mansfield, Kathryn E
Smeeth, Liam
Bhaskaran, Krishnan
Stanway, Susannah
Strongman, Helen
Lyon, Alexander R
dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel
AuthorAffiliation d Breast Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
a Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
f Health Data Research UK, London, UK
c Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
b School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
e Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: d Breast Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
– name: b School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
– name: f Health Data Research UK, London, UK
– name: a Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– name: c Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
– name: e Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Helen
  surname: Strongman
  fullname: Strongman, Helen
  organization: Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Sarah
  surname: Gadd
  fullname: Gadd, Sarah
  organization: Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Anthony
  surname: Matthews
  fullname: Matthews, Anthony
  organization: Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Kathryn E
  surname: Mansfield
  fullname: Mansfield, Kathryn E
  organization: Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Susannah
  surname: Stanway
  fullname: Stanway, Susannah
  organization: Breast Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Alexander R
  surname: Lyon
  fullname: Lyon, Alexander R
  organization: Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Isabel
  surname: dos-Santos-Silva
  fullname: dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel
  organization: Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Liam
  surname: Smeeth
  fullname: Smeeth, Liam
  organization: Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Krishnan
  surname: Bhaskaran
  fullname: Bhaskaran, Krishnan
  email: krishnan.bhaskaran@lshtm.ac.uk
  organization: Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31443926$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:141910350$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index (Karolinska Institutet)
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Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
2019. The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license 2019
Copyright_xml – notice: 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license
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– notice: 2019. The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
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Snippet The past few decades have seen substantial improvements in cancer survival, but concerns exist about long-term cardiovascular disease risk in survivors....
Summary Background The past few decades have seen substantial improvements in cancer survival, but concerns exist about long-term cardiovascular disease risk...
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SubjectTerms Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Arrhythmia
Bladder
Blood cancer
Cancer Survivors - statistics & numerical data
Cancer therapies
Cardiomyopathy
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Case-Control Studies
Chemotherapy
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Congestive heart failure
Coronary artery
Coronary artery disease
Coronary vessels
Diagnosis
Electronic health records
Electronic medical records
Esophagus
Female
Health care
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Heart diseases
Heart failure
Hematology
Humans
Incidence
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Male
Medical diagnosis
Melanoma
Middle Aged
Multiple myeloma
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Pancreatic cancer
Patients
Pericarditis
Population
Population studies
Population-based studies
Primary care
Proportional Hazards Models
Prostate
Prostate cancer
Registries
Risk
Risk Assessment
Risk factors
Stroke
Survival
Thromboembolism
United Kingdom - epidemiology
Young Adult
Young adults
Title Medium and long-term risks of specific cardiovascular diseases in survivors of 20 adult cancers: a population-based cohort study using multiple linked UK electronic health records databases
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