The evolutionary history of vertebrate RNA viruses

Our understanding of the diversity and evolution of vertebrate RNA viruses is largely limited to those found in mammalian and avian hosts and associated with overt disease. Here, using a large-scale meta-transcriptomic approach, we discover 214 vertebrate-associated viruses in reptiles, amphibians,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature (London) Vol. 556; no. 7700; pp. 197 - 202
Main Authors: Shi, Mang, Lin, Xian-Dan, Chen, Xiao, Tian, Jun-Hua, Chen, Liang-Jun, Li, Kun, Wang, Wen, Eden, John-Sebastian, Shen, Jin-Jin, Liu, Li, Holmes, Edward C., Zhang, Yong-Zhen
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.04.2018
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:
45/77
45/91
631/181/735
631/326/596/2554
Amphibians
Amphibians - virology
Animals
Biodiversity
Birds
Evolution, Molecular
Evolutionary biology
Fishes
Fishes - virology
Genetic vectors
Genome, Viral - genetics
Genomics
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humanities and Social Sciences
Infection
Influenza
Influenza viruses
multidisciplinary
Natural history
Pathogenic microorganisms
Phylogeny
Reptiles
Reptiles - virology
RNA
RNA viruses
RNA Viruses - classification
RNA Viruses - genetics
RNA Viruses - isolation & purification
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Transcriptome
Vertebrates - classification
Vertebrates - virology
ISSN:0028-0836, 1476-4687, 1476-4687
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Summary:Our understanding of the diversity and evolution of vertebrate RNA viruses is largely limited to those found in mammalian and avian hosts and associated with overt disease. Here, using a large-scale meta-transcriptomic approach, we discover 214 vertebrate-associated viruses in reptiles, amphibians, lungfish, ray-finned fish, cartilaginous fish and jawless fish. The newly discovered viruses appear in every family or genus of RNA virus associated with vertebrate infection, including those containing human pathogens such as influenza virus, the Arenaviridae and Filoviridae families, and have branching orders that broadly reflected the phylogenetic history of their hosts. We establish a long evolutionary history for most groups of vertebrate RNA virus, and support this by evaluating evolutionary timescales using dated orthologous endogenous virus elements. We also identify new vertebrate-specific RNA viruses and genome architectures, and re-evaluate the evolution of vector-borne RNA viruses. In summary, this study reveals diverse virus–host associations across the entire evolutionary history of the vertebrates. Around 200 new vertebrate-specific viruses are discovered, and every vertebrate-specific viral family known to infect mammals and birds is also present in amphibians, reptiles or fish, suggesting that evolution of vertebrate viruses mirrors that of vertebrate hosts.
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ISSN:0028-0836
1476-4687
1476-4687
DOI:10.1038/s41586-018-0012-7