Translocation and dissemination of commensal bacteria in post-stroke infection

In humans and rodent models, commensal gut bacteria contribute to post-stroke infection. Experimental stroke in rodents causes gut barrier dysfunction and permeability, enabling translocation and dissemination of host gut microbiota. Bacterial infection is highly prevalent in patients who have had a...

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Vydané v:	Nature medicine Ročník 22; číslo 11; s. 1277 - 1284
Hlavní autori:	Stanley, Dragana, Mason, Linda J, Mackin, Kate E, Srikhanta, Yogitha N, Lyras, Dena, Prakash, Monica D, Nurgali, Kulmira, Venegas, Andres, Hill, Michael D, Moore, Robert J, Wong, Connie H Y
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.11.2016 Nature Publishing Group
Predmet:	631/250/371 631/326/2565/2134 64/60 692/617/375/534 Adrenergic beta-Antagonists - pharmacology Aged Aged, 80 and over Animals Bacteremia - immunology Bacteremia - metabolism Bacteremia - microbiology Bacteria Bacterial diseases Bacterial infections Bacterial Infections - immunology Bacterial Infections - metabolism Bacterial Infections - microbiology Bacterial Translocation - immunology Bioinformatics Biomedicine Blood Culture Cancer Research Computational Biology Disease Models, Animal Enterococcus faecalis Female Gastrointestinal Microbiome - genetics Genetic aspects Goblet Cells - cytology Goblet Cells - metabolism Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - immunology Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - metabolism Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - microbiology High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing Humans Identification and classification Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery - immunology Infectious Diseases Intestine, Small - cytology Intestine, Small - drug effects Intestine, Small - metabolism Intestine, Small - microbiology Male Metabolic Diseases Mice Microbiota - genetics Microorganisms Middle Aged Molecular Medicine Neurosciences Pathogenic bacteria Pathogens Permeability Permeability - drug effects Physiological aspects Pneumonia Pneumonia, Bacterial - immunology Pneumonia, Bacterial - metabolism Pneumonia, Bacterial - microbiology Receptors, Adrenergic, beta - metabolism Ribosomal RNA RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics Sequence Analysis, RNA Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms Stroke Stroke - immunology Translocation Urinary Tract Infections - immunology Urinary Tract Infections - metabolism Urinary Tract Infections - microbiology Virulence (Microbiology) Zonula Occludens-1 Protein - metabolism
ISSN:	1078-8956, 1546-170X, 1546-170X
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Shrnutí:	In humans and rodent models, commensal gut bacteria contribute to post-stroke infection. Experimental stroke in rodents causes gut barrier dysfunction and permeability, enabling translocation and dissemination of host gut microbiota. Bacterial infection is highly prevalent in patients who have had a stroke. Despite the potential contribution of micro-aspiration in post-stroke pneumonia, we found that the majority of the microorganisms detected in the patients who developed infections after having a stroke were common commensal bacteria that normally reside in the intestinal tracts. In a mouse model of ischemic stroke, post-stroke infection was only observed in mice that were born and raised in specific-pathogen-free facilities; this was not seen in mice that were born and raised in germ-free facilities. Using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and bioinformatics analyses, we provide evidence demonstrating that the source of the bacteria forming the microbial community in the lungs of post-stroke mice was indeed the host small intestine. Additionally, stroke-induced gut barrier permeability and dysfunction preceded the dissemination of orally inoculated bacteria to peripheral tissues. This study identifies a novel pathway in which stroke promotes the translocation and dissemination of selective strains of bacteria that originated from the host gut microbiota.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	1078-8956 1546-170X 1546-170X
DOI:	10.1038/nm.4194