Inverse association between total bilirubin and type 2 diabetes in U.S. South Asian males but not females

United States South Asians constitute a fast-growing ethnic group with high prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) despite lower mean BMI and other traditional risk factors compared to other races/ethnicities. Bilirubin has gained attention as a potential antioxidant, cardio-protective marker. Hence we...

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Published in:PloS one Vol. 19; no. 2; p. e0297685
Main Authors: Visaria, Aayush, Kanaya, Alka, Setoguchi, Soko, Gadgil, Meghana, Satagopan, Jaya
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Public Library of Science 07.02.2024
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:
Analysis
Antilipemic agents
Antioxidants
Asian
Atherosclerosis
Bilirubin
Biology and Life Sciences
Care and treatment
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology
Diagnosis
Female
Glycosylated hemoglobin
Health aspects
Humans
Male
Measurement
Medicine and Health Sciences
Men
Risk Factors
Type 2 diabetes
United States - epidemiology
United States
South Korea
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Summary:United States South Asians constitute a fast-growing ethnic group with high prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) despite lower mean BMI and other traditional risk factors compared to other races/ethnicities. Bilirubin has gained attention as a potential antioxidant, cardio-protective marker. Hence we sought to determine whether total bilirubin was associated with prevalent and incident T2D in U.S. South Asians. We conducted a cross-sectional and prospective analysis of the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study. Total bilirubin was categorized into gender-specific quartiles (Men: <0.6, 0.6, 0.7-0.8, >0.8; Women: <0.5, 0.5, 0.6, >0.6 mg/dl). We estimated odds of type 2 diabetes as well as other cardiovascular (CV) risk factors using multivariable logistic regression. Among a total 1,149 participants (48% female, mean [SD] age of 57 [9] years), 38% had metabolic syndrome and 24% had T2D. Men and women in the lowest bilirubin quartile had 0.55% and 0.17% higher HbA1c than the highest quartile. Men, but not women, in the lowest bilirubin quartile had higher odds of T2D compared to the highest quartile (aOR [95% CI]; Men: 3.00 [1.72,5.23], Women: 1.15 [0.57,2.31]). There was no association between bilirubin and other CV risk factors. Total bilirubin was inversely associated with T2D in SA men but not women. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand temporality of association.
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Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0297685