Spike is the most recognized antigen in the whole-blood platform in both acute and convalescent COVID-19 patients

•Whole-blood interferon-γ-release assay (IGRA) enabled the response to SARS-CoV-2 peptides to be evaluated.•Spike protein was the best stimulus to discriminate COVID-19 from NO-COVID-19.•A SARS-CoV-2-specific response is rarely observed in NO-COVID-19 individuals.•This SARS-CoV-2 IGRA has the potent...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of infectious diseases Jg. 106; S. 338 - 347
Hauptverfasser: Aiello, Alessandra, Najafi Fard, Saeid, Petruccioli, Elisa, Petrone, Linda, Vanini, Valentina, Farroni, Chiara, Cuzzi, Gilda, Navarra, Assunta, Gualano, Gina, Mosti, Silvia, Pierelli, Luca, Nicastri, Emanuele, Goletti, Delia
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Canada Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2021
The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases
Elsevier
Schlagworte:
COVID-19
IFN-γ-release assay (IGRA)
Membrane protein
Nucleocapsid protein
SARS-CoV-2
Spike protein
T cell response
Whole-blood
COVID-19
IFN-γ-release assay (IGRA)
SARS-CoV-2
Membrane protein
Whole-blood
Spike protein
T cell response
Nucleocapsid protein
ISSN:1201-9712, 1878-3511, 1878-3511
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Zusammenfassung:•Whole-blood interferon-γ-release assay (IGRA) enabled the response to SARS-CoV-2 peptides to be evaluated.•Spike protein was the best stimulus to discriminate COVID-19 from NO-COVID-19.•A SARS-CoV-2-specific response is rarely observed in NO-COVID-19 individuals.•This SARS-CoV-2 IGRA has the potential to be a powerful diagnostic tool. To identify the best experimental approach to detect a SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response using a whole-blood platform. Whole-blood from 56 COVID-19 and 23 “NO-COVID-19” individuals were stimulated overnight with different concentrations (0.1 or 1 μg/mL) of SARS-CoV-2 PepTivator® Peptide Pools, including spike (pool S), nucleocapsid (pool N), membrane (pool M), and a MegaPool (MP) of these three peptide pools. ELISA was used to analyse interferon (IFN)-γ levels. The IFN-γ-response to every SARS-CoV-2 peptide pool was significantly increased in COVID-19 patients compared with NO-COVID-19 individuals. Pool S and MegaPool were the most potent immunogenic stimuli (median: 0.51, IQR: 0.14–2.17; and median: 1.18, IQR: 0.27–4.72, respectively) compared with pools N and M (median: 0.22, IQR: 0.032–1.26; and median: 0.22, IQR: 0.01−0.71, respectively). The whole-blood test based on pool S and MegaPool showed a good sensitivity of 77% and a high specificity of 96%. The IFN-γ-response was mediated by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and independently detected of clinical parameters in both hospitalized and recovered patients. This easy-to-use assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses may be implemented in clinical laboratories as a powerful diagnostic tool.
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These authors equally contributed to the manuscript as first authors.
ISSN:1201-9712
1878-3511
1878-3511
DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.04.034