Cryo-EM structures of holo condensin reveal a subunit flip-flop mechanism

Complexes containing a pair of structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) family proteins are fundamental for the three-dimensional (3D) organization of genomes in all domains of life. The eukaryotic SMC complexes cohesin and condensin are thought to fold interphase and mitotic chromosomes, respect...

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Published in:Nature structural & molecular biology Vol. 27; no. 8; pp. 743 - 751
Main Authors: Lee, Byung-Gil, Merkel, Fabian, Allegretti, Matteo, Hassler, Markus, Cawood, Christopher, Lecomte, Léa, O'Reilly, Francis J, Sinn, Ludwig R, Gutierrez-Escribano, Pilar, Kschonsak, Marc, Bravo, Sol, Nakane, Takanori, Rappsilber, Juri, Aragon, Luis, Beck, Martin, Löwe, Jan, Haering, Christian H
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Nature Publishing Group 01.08.2020
Subjects:
Adenosine triphosphatase
Adenosine Triphosphatases - chemistry
Adenosine Triphosphatases - metabolism
Adenosine Triphosphatases - ultrastructure
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism
Binding sites
Carrier Proteins - chemistry
Carrier Proteins - metabolism
Carrier Proteins - ultrastructure
Cell Cycle Proteins
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - chemistry
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - metabolism
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - ultrastructure
Chromosomes
Cohesin
Coils
Condensin
Conformation
Cryoelectron Microscopy
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA-Binding Proteins - chemistry
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
DNA-Binding Proteins - ultrastructure
Domains
Extrusion
Genomes
Heat exchange
Models, Molecular
Molecular modelling
Multiprotein Complexes - chemistry
Multiprotein Complexes - metabolism
Multiprotein Complexes - ultrastructure
Nuclear Proteins - chemistry
Nuclear Proteins - metabolism
Nuclear Proteins - ultrastructure
Nucleotides
Open architectures
Protein Conformation
Protein Folding
Protein Multimerization
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - chemistry
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - chemistry
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins - ultrastructure
Translocation
Yeast
ISSN:1545-9993, 1545-9985, 1545-9985
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Complexes containing a pair of structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) family proteins are fundamental for the three-dimensional (3D) organization of genomes in all domains of life. The eukaryotic SMC complexes cohesin and condensin are thought to fold interphase and mitotic chromosomes, respectively, into large loop domains, although the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained unknown. We used cryo-EM to investigate the nucleotide-driven reaction cycle of condensin from the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our structures of the five-subunit condensin holo complex at different functional stages suggest that ATP binding induces the transition of the SMC coiled coils from a folded-rod conformation into a more open architecture. ATP binding simultaneously triggers the exchange of the two HEAT-repeat subunits bound to the SMC ATPase head domains. We propose that these steps result in the interconversion of DNA-binding sites in the catalytic core of condensin, forming the basis of the DNA translocation and loop-extrusion activities.
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ISSN:1545-9993
1545-9985
1545-9985
DOI:10.1038/s41594-020-0457-x