Humoral and cellular immune response induced by rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccine among frontline workers during the 2013–2016 West Africa Ebola outbreak in Guinea

•We found rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP to be immunogenic at 28- and 180-days post vaccination.•At 28 days post-vaccination, seroresponse rate was higher in the high-risk group.•There is a significant pairwise correlation at 28 days post-vaccination between assays.•One dose of rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP induces a cellular r...

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Published in:Vaccine Vol. 38; no. 31; pp. 4877 - 4884
Main Authors: Boum, Yap, Juan-Giner, Aitana, Hitchings, Matt, Soumah, Aboubacar, Strecker, Thomas, Sadjo, Mariama, Cuthbertson, Hannah, Hayes, Peter, Tchaton, Marie, Jemmy, Jean-Paul, Clarck, Carolyn, King, Deborah, Faga, Elisabetta Maria, Becker, Stephan, Halis, Bassam, Gunnstein, Norheim, Carroll, Miles, Røttingen, John-Arne, Kondé, Mandy Kader, Doumbia, Moise, Henao-Restrepo, Ana-Maria, Kieny, Marie-Paule, Cisse, Mohamed, Draguez, Bertrand, Grais, Rebecca F.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 26.06.2020
Elsevier Limited
Elsevier Science
Subjects:
Africa, Western - epidemiology
Allergy and Immunology
Antibodies
Antibodies, Viral
Antigens
cell-mediated immunity
Cellular response
Clinical trials
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Disease Outbreaks
Ebola vaccine
Ebola Vaccines
Ebola virus
Ebolavirus
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Enzymes
Frontline workers
Glycoproteins
Guinea
Guinea - epidemiology
Health services
Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola - epidemiology
Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola - prevention & control
Humans
Humoral response
Immune response
Immune response (cell-mediated)
Immune response (humoral)
Immune system
Immunity, Cellular
Immunogenicity
Immunology
Laboratories
Neutralization
Public health
seroprevalence
Vaccination
Vaccines
virion
Virions
Virology
Workers
Guinea
Africa, Western
Democratic Republic of the Congo
California
Zaire
United Kingdom > UK
United States > US
West Africa
Germany
Humoral response
Frontline workers
Immunogenicity
Ebola vaccine
Cellular response
ISSN:0264-410X, 1873-2518, 1873-2518
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Summary:•We found rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP to be immunogenic at 28- and 180-days post vaccination.•At 28 days post-vaccination, seroresponse rate was higher in the high-risk group.•There is a significant pairwise correlation at 28 days post-vaccination between assays.•One dose of rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP induces a cellular response that increased with time. As part of a Phase III trial with the Ebola vaccine rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP in Guinea, we invited frontline workers (FLWs) to participate in a sub-study to provide additional information on the immunogenicity of the vaccine. We conducted an open‐label, non‐randomized, single-arm immunogenicity evaluation of one dose of rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP among healthy FLWs in Guinea. FLWs who refused vaccination were offered to participate as a control group. We followed participants for 84 days with a subset followed-up for 180 days. The primary endpoint was immune response, as measured by ELISA for ZEBOV-glycoprotein–specific antibodies (ELISA-GP) at 28 days. We also conducted neutralization, whole virion ELISA and enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay for cellular response. A total of 1172 participants received one dose of vaccine and were followed-up for 84 days, among them 114 participants were followed-up for 180 days. Additionally, 99 participants were included in the control group and followed up for 180 days. Overall, 86.4% (95% CI 84.1–88.4) of vaccinated participants seroresponded at 28 days post-vaccination (ELISA- GP) with 65% of these seroresponding at 14 days post-vaccination. Among those who seroresponded at 28 days, 90.7% (95% CI 82.0–95.4) were still seropositive at 180 days. The proportion of seropositivity in the unvaccinated group was 0.0% (95% CI 0.0–3.8) at 28 days and 5.4% (95% CI 2.1–13.1) at 180 days post-vaccination. We found weak correlation between ELISA-GP and neutralization at baseline but significant pairwise correlation at 28 days post-vaccination. Among samples analysed for cellular response, only 1 (2.2%) exhibited responses towards the Zaire Ebola glycoprotein (Ebola GP ≥ 10) at baseline, 10 (13.5%) at day 28 post-vaccination and 27 (48.2%) at Day 180. We found one dose of rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP to be highly immunogenic at 28- and 180-days post vaccination among frontline workers in Guinea. We also found a cellular response that increased with time.
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ISSN:0264-410X
1873-2518
1873-2518
DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.04.066