Current biomarkers of canine mammary tumors

Mammary tumors are the second most common neoplasia in dogs. Due to the high similarity of canine mammary tumors (CMT) to human breast cancers (HBC), human biomarkers of HBC are also detectable in cases of CMT. The evaluation of biomarkers enables clinical diagnoses, treatment options and prognosis...

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Published in:Acta veterinaria scandinavica Vol. 60; no. 1; p. 66
Main Authors: Kaszak, Ilona, Ruszczak, Anna, Kanafa, Szymon, Kacprzak, Kamil, Król, Magdalena, Jurka, Piotr
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 29.10.2018
BioMed Central Ltd
Nature Publishing Group
BMC
Subjects:
Analysis
Animal Anatomy
Animals
Antigens
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - blood
Bitch
bitches
blood serum
BRCA1 protein
BRCA2 protein
Breast cancer
breast neoplasms
cadherins
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Canine mammary gland
Canine mammary tumors
Carcinoembryonic antigen
Chemotherapy
Cyclooxygenase-1
Cyclooxygenase-2
Diagnosis
Dog
Dog Diseases - blood
Dogs
E-cadherin
Epidermal growth factor
ErbB-2 protein
erbB-2 receptor
estrogen receptors
Female
genes
Growth factors
Health aspects
Histology
Human breast cancer
humans
Identification
Life expectancy
Lymphatic system
mammary neoplasms (animal)
Mammary Neoplasms, Animal - blood
Medical prognosis
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metastasis
microRNA
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Morphology
Mutation
neoplasm cells
p53 Protein
Progesterone
progesterone receptors
Prognosis
proliferating cell nuclear antigen
prostaglandin synthase
Radiation therapy
Review
Stem cells
Tumor cells
tumor suppressor proteins
Tumors
Vascular endothelial growth factor
vascular endothelial growth factor receptors
vascular endothelial growth factors
Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Bitch
Biomarkers
Human breast cancer
Veterinary oncology
Canine mammary gland
Neoplasia
Dog
Canine mammary tumors
ISSN:1751-0147, 0044-605X, 1751-0147
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Mammary tumors are the second most common neoplasia in dogs. Due to the high similarity of canine mammary tumors (CMT) to human breast cancers (HBC), human biomarkers of HBC are also detectable in cases of CMT. The evaluation of biomarkers enables clinical diagnoses, treatment options and prognosis for bitches suffering from this disease. The aim of this article is to give a short summary of the biomarkers of CMT based on current literature. Very promising biomarkers are miRNAs, cancer stem cells, and circulating tumor cells, as well as mutations of the breast cancer 1 gene (BRCA1) and breast cancer 2 gene (BRCA2). Until now, the most studied and reliable biomarkers of CMT have remained antigen Ki-67 (Ki-67), endothelial growth factor receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-2), which can be detected in both serum and tissue samples using different molecular methods. However, carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), while poorly studied, seem to be good biomarkers, especially for the early detection and prognosis of CMT. We will also mention the following: proliferative cell nuclear antigen, tumor protein p53 (p53), E-cadherin, vascular endothelial growth factor, microRNAs, cancer stem cells and circulating tumor cells, which can also be useful biomarkers. Although many studies have been conducted so far, the estimation of biomarkers in cases of CMT is still not a common practice, and more detailed research should be done.
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ISSN:1751-0147
0044-605X
1751-0147
DOI:10.1186/s13028-018-0417-1