Pharmacokinetics of rectal levetiracetam as add-on treatment in dogs affected by cluster seizures or status epilepticus

Background Levetiracetam can be used for seizure control alone or in combination with other antiepileptic medications. A previous study achieved the minimum targeted serum drug concentration after rectal administration of levetiracetam in healthy dogs. The purpose of the present study was to determi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC veterinary research Vol. 14; no. 1; p. 189
Main Authors: Cagnotti, Giulia, Odore, Rosangela, Gardini, Giulia, Amedeo, Stefano, Bertone, Iride, Guerriero, Giulia, Lentini, Laura, Dappiano, Elena, D’Angelo, Antonio
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 18.06.2018
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects:
Administration, Rectal
Animals
anticonvulsants
Anticonvulsants - administration & dosage
Anticonvulsants - pharmacokinetics
Anticonvulsants - therapeutic use
Antiepileptic agents
Binding sites
blood serum
Catheters
Chromatography
Consciousness
Dog Diseases - drug therapy
Dogs
Dosage and administration
Drug dosages
Drug therapy
Emergency
Epilepsy
Etiracetam
Female
Health aspects
Levetiracetam
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neurology
Neurology and neuroscience
Patients
Pharmacokinetics
Pilot Projects
Piracetam - administration & dosage
Piracetam - analogs & derivatives
Piracetam - pharmacokinetics
Piracetam - therapeutic use
protocols
Publishing
Rectum
Research Article
Risk factors
Seizures
Seizures - drug therapy
Seizures - veterinary
Status Epilepticus - drug therapy
Status Epilepticus - veterinary
Transgenics
Veterinary medicine
Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Zoology
United States > US
Neurology
Emergency
Pharmacokinetics
Epilepsy
ISSN:1746-6148, 1746-6148
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Background Levetiracetam can be used for seizure control alone or in combination with other antiepileptic medications. A previous study achieved the minimum targeted serum drug concentration after rectal administration of levetiracetam in healthy dogs. The purpose of the present study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of rectal LEV in dogs presented for cluster seizures or status epilepticus and potentially in treatment with other anti-epileptic drugs. Furthermore, preliminary information on response to this treatment as add-on to the standard treatment protocol is reported. Results Eight client-owned dogs were enrolled. Plasma levetiracetam concentrations (measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 360, 720, and 1440 min after drug administration) reached the minimum target concentration (5 μg/ml) at 30 min in all but one patient. At T1 (30 min) the mean concentration was 28.2 ± 15.5 μg/ml. Plasma concentrations remained above the targeted minimum concentration in all patients until 240 min and in 7/8 until 360 min. Six out of eight patients experienced no seizures in the 24-h period after hospitalization and were classified as “responders”. Conclusions Minimum plasma levetiracetam concentration can be reached after rectal administration of 40 mg/kg in dogs affected by cluster seizures and status epilepticus and concurrently receiving other antiepileptic drugs. These preliminary results may encourage the evaluation of rectal levetiracetam as an additional treatment option for cluster seizures and status epilepticus in a larger number of dogs.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ObjectType-Article-2
ObjectType-Feature-1
content type line 23
ISSN:1746-6148
1746-6148
DOI:10.1186/s12917-018-1522-0