Acid production in dental plaque after exposure to probiotic bacteria

Background The increasing interest in probiotic lactobacilli in health maintenance has raised the question of potential risks. One possible side effect could be an increased acidogenicity in dental plaque. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotic lactobacilli on plaque lactic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC oral health Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 44
Main Authors: Keller, Mette K, Twetman, Svante
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 24.10.2012
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects:
Adult
Analysis
Bacteria
Bacterial Load
Bacteriological Techniques
Biomedical research
Cross-Over Studies
Dental plaque
Dental Plaque - metabolism
Dentistry
DMF Index
Double-Blind Method
Female
Fermentation
Follow-Up Studies
Fructose
Fructose - metabolism
Health sciences
Humans
Lactic acid
Lactic Acid - biosynthesis
Lactobacillus
Lactobacillus - metabolism
Lactobacillus plantarum - metabolism
Lactobacillus reuteri - growth & development
Lactobacillus reuteri - metabolism
Male
Medicine
Microbiology
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Placebos
Probiotics
Probiotics - metabolism
Research Article
Saliva - microbiology
Spectrophotometry
Streptococcus mutans - growth & development
Studies
Xylitol
Xylitol - metabolism
Sweden
Xylitol
Probiotic Bacterium
Lactic Acid Production
Dental Plaque
Lactobacillus
ISSN:1472-6831, 1472-6831
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Background The increasing interest in probiotic lactobacilli in health maintenance has raised the question of potential risks. One possible side effect could be an increased acidogenicity in dental plaque. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotic lactobacilli on plaque lactic acid (LA) production in vitro and in vivo . Methods In the first part (A), suspensions of two lactobacilli strains ( L. reuteri DSM 17938 , L. plantarum 299v) were added to suspensions of supragingival dental plaque collected from healthy young adults (n=25). LA production after fermentation with either xylitol or fructose was analyzed. In the second part (B), subjects (n=18) were given lozenges with probiotic lactobacilli ( L. reuteri DSM 17938 and ATCC PTA 5289) or placebo for two weeks in a double-blinded, randomized cross-over trial. The concentration of LA in supragingival plaque samples was determined at baseline and after 2 weeks. Salivary counts of mutans streptococci (MS) and lactobacilli were estimated with chair-side methods. Results Plaque suspensions with L. reuteri DSM 17938 produced significantly less LA compared with L. plantarum 299v or controls (p<0.05). Fructose gave higher LA concentrations than xylitol. In part B, there were no significant differences in LA production between baseline and follow up in any of the groups and no differences between test and placebo were displayed. The salivary MS counts were not significantly altered during the intervention but the lactobacilli counts increased significantly in the test group (p<0.05). Conclusion Lactic acid production in suspensions of plaque and probiotic lactobacilli was strain-dependant and the present study provides no evidence of an increase in plaque acidity by the supply of selected probiotic lactobacilli when challenged by fructose or xylitol. The study protocol was approved by The Danish National Committee on Biomedical Research Ethics (protocol no H-2-2010-112). Trial registration NCT01700712
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ISSN:1472-6831
1472-6831
DOI:10.1186/1472-6831-12-44