Antigen-Engaged B Cells Undergo Chemotaxis toward the T Zone and Form Motile Conjugates with Helper T Cells

Interactions between B and T cells are essential for most antibody responses, but the dynamics of these interactions are poorly understood. By two-photon microscopy of intact lymph nodes, we show that upon exposure to antigen, B cells migrate with directional preference toward the B-zone-T-zone boun...

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Published in:	PLoS biology Vol. 3; no. 6; p. e150
Main Authors:	Okada, Takaharu, Miller, Mark J, Parker, Ian, Krummel, Matthew F, Neighbors, Margaret, Hartley, Suzanne B, O'Garra, Anne, Cahalan, Michael D, Cyster, Jason G
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Public Library of Science 01.06.2005 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:	B-Lymphocytes - immunology Cell Communication - immunology Chemotaxis, Leukocyte - immunology Humans Immune system Immunology Lymph nodes Lymphocytes Mus (Mouse) Ovalbumin - immunology Proteins Receptors, CCR7 Receptors, Chemokine - immunology T cell receptors T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer - immunology Chemotaxis, Leukocyte Ovalbumin Humans Receptors, CCR7 B-Lymphocytes Cell Communication T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer Receptors, Chemokine
ISSN:	1545-7885, 1544-9173, 1545-7885
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Abstract	Interactions between B and T cells are essential for most antibody responses, but the dynamics of these interactions are poorly understood. By two-photon microscopy of intact lymph nodes, we show that upon exposure to antigen, B cells migrate with directional preference toward the B-zone-T-zone boundary in a CCR7-dependent manner, through a region that exhibits a CCR7-ligand gradient. Initially the B cells show reduced motility, but after 1 d, motility is increased to approximately 9 microm/min. Antigen-engaged B cells pair with antigen-specific helper T cells for 10 to more than 60 min, whereas non-antigen-specific interactions last less than 10 min. B cell-T cell conjugates are highly dynamic and migrate extensively, being led by B cells. B cells occasionally contact more than one T cell, whereas T cells are strictly monogamous in their interactions. These findings provide evidence of lymphocyte chemotaxis in vivo, and they begin to define the spatiotemporal cellular dynamics associated with T cell-dependent antibody responses.
AbstractList	Interactions between B and T cells are essential for most antibody responses, but the dynamics of these interactions are poorly understood. By two-photon microscopy of intact lymph nodes, we show that upon exposure to antigen, B cells migrate with directional preference toward the B-zone-T-zone boundary in a CCR7-dependent manner, through a region that exhibits a CCR7-ligand gradient. Initially the B cells show reduced motility, but after 1 d, motility is increased to approximately 9 μm/min. Antigen-engaged B cells pair with antigen-specific helper T cells for 10 to more than 60 min, whereas non-antigen-specific interactions last less than 10 min. B cell-T cell conjugates are highly dynamic and migrate extensively, being led by B cells. B cells occasionally contact more than one T cell, whereas T cells are strictly monogamous in their interactions. These findings provide evidence of lymphocyte chemotaxis in vivo, and they begin to define the spatiotemporal cellular dynamics associated with T cell-dependent antibody responses. Interactions between B and T cells are essential for most antibody responses, but the dynamics of these interactions are poorly understood. By two-photon microscopy of intact lymph nodes, we show that upon exposure to antigen, B cells migrate with directional preference toward the B-zone-T-zone boundary in a CCR7-dependent manner, through a region that exhibits a CCR7-ligand gradient. Initially the B cells show reduced motility, but after 1 d, motility is increased to approximately 9 microm/min. Antigen-engaged B cells pair with antigen-specific helper T cells for 10 to more than 60 min, whereas non-antigen-specific interactions last less than 10 min. B cell-T cell conjugates are highly dynamic and migrate extensively, being led by B cells. B cells occasionally contact more than one T cell, whereas T cells are strictly monogamous in their interactions. These findings provide evidence of lymphocyte chemotaxis in vivo, and they begin to define the spatiotemporal cellular dynamics associated with T cell-dependent antibody responses.Interactions between B and T cells are essential for most antibody responses, but the dynamics of these interactions are poorly understood. By two-photon microscopy of intact lymph nodes, we show that upon exposure to antigen, B cells migrate with directional preference toward the B-zone-T-zone boundary in a CCR7-dependent manner, through a region that exhibits a CCR7-ligand gradient. Initially the B cells show reduced motility, but after 1 d, motility is increased to approximately 9 microm/min. Antigen-engaged B cells pair with antigen-specific helper T cells for 10 to more than 60 min, whereas non-antigen-specific interactions last less than 10 min. B cell-T cell conjugates are highly dynamic and migrate extensively, being led by B cells. B cells occasionally contact more than one T cell, whereas T cells are strictly monogamous in their interactions. These findings provide evidence of lymphocyte chemotaxis in vivo, and they begin to define the spatiotemporal cellular dynamics associated with T cell-dependent antibody responses. Interactions between B and T cells are essential for most antibody responses, but the dynamics of these interactions are poorly understood. By two-photon microscopy of intact lymph nodes, we show that upon exposure to antigen, B cells migrate with directional preference toward the B-zone-T-zone boundary in a CCR7-dependent manner, through a region that exhibits a CCR7-ligand gradient. Initially the B cells show reduced motility, but after 1 d, motility is increased to approximately 9 microm/min. Antigen-engaged B cells pair with antigen-specific helper T cells for 10 to more than 60 min, whereas non-antigen-specific interactions last less than 10 min. B cell-T cell conjugates are highly dynamic and migrate extensively, being led by B cells. B cells occasionally contact more than one T cell, whereas T cells are strictly monogamous in their interactions. These findings provide evidence of lymphocyte chemotaxis in vivo, and they begin to define the spatiotemporal cellular dynamics associated with T cell-dependent antibody responses. Interactions between B and T cells are essential for most antibody responses, but the dynamics of these interactions are poorly understood. By two-photon microscopy of intact lymph nodes, we show that upon exposure to antigen, B cells migrate with directional preference toward the B-zone-T-zone boundary in a CCR7-dependent manner, through a region that exhibits a CCR7-ligand gradient. Initially the B cells show reduced motility, but after 1 d, motility is increased to approximately 9 [mu]m/min. Antigen-engaged B cells pair with antigen-specific helper T cells for 10 to more than 60 min, whereas non-antigen-specific interactions last less than 10 min. B cell-T cell conjugates are highly dynamic and migrate extensively, being led by B cells. B cells occasionally contact more than one T cell, whereas T cells are strictly monogamous in their interactions. These findings provide evidence of lymphocyte chemotaxis in vivo, and they begin to define the spatiotemporal cellular dynamics associated with T cell-dependent antibody responses. Interactions between B and T cells are essential for most antibody responses, but the dynamics of these interactions are poorly understood. By two-photon microscopy of intact lymph nodes, we show that upon exposure to antigen, B cells migrate with directional preference toward the B-zone–T-zone boundary in a CCR7-dependent manner, through a region that exhibits a CCR7-ligand gradient. Initially the B cells show reduced motility, but after 1 d, motility is increased to approximately 9 μm/min. Antigen-engaged B cells pair with antigen-specific helper T cells for 10 to more than 60 min, whereas non-antigen-specific interactions last less than 10 min. B cell–T cell conjugates are highly dynamic and migrate extensively, being led by B cells. B cells occasionally contact more than one T cell, whereas T cells are strictly monogamous in their interactions. These findings provide evidence of lymphocyte chemotaxis in vivo, and they begin to define the spatiotemporal cellular dynamics associated with T cell–dependent antibody responses. Interactions between B and T cells in intact lymph nodes are monitored with two-photon laser scanning microscopy. Interactions between B and T cells are essential for most antibody responses, but the dynamics of these interactions are poorly understood. By two-photon microscopy of intact lymph nodes, we show that upon exposure to antigen, B cells migrate with directional preference toward the B-zone-T-zone boundary in a CCR7-dependent manner, through a region that exhibits a CCR7-ligand gradient. Initially the B cells show reduced motility, but after 1 d, motility is increased to approximately 9 μm/min. Antigen-engaged B cells pair with antigen-specific helper T cells for 10 to more than 60 min, whereas non-antigen-specific interactions last less than 10 min. B cell-T cell conjugates are highly dynamic and migrate extensively, being led by B cells. B cells occasionally contact more than one T cell, whereas T cells are strictly monogamous in their interactions. These findings provide evidence of lymphocyte chemotaxis in vivo, and they begin to define the spatiotemporal cellular dynamics associated with T cell-dependent antibody responses.
Author	Okada, Takaharu Hartley, Suzanne B Neighbors, Margaret Miller, Mark J O'Garra, Anne Cahalan, Michael D Cyster, Jason G Parker, Ian Krummel, Matthew F
AuthorAffiliation	1 Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, California United States of America 4 Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, California United States of America 5 Department of Immunobiology, DNAX Research Institute Palo Alto, California United States of America University of Minnesota United States of America 3 Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, California United States of America 2 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, California United States of America
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 4 Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, California United States of America – name: 5 Department of Immunobiology, DNAX Research Institute Palo Alto, California United States of America – name: 3 Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, California United States of America – name: 1 Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, California United States of America – name: 2 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, California United States of America – name: University of Minnesota United States of America
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Takaharu surname: Okada fullname: Okada, Takaharu – sequence: 2 givenname: Mark J surname: Miller fullname: Miller, Mark J – sequence: 3 givenname: Ian surname: Parker fullname: Parker, Ian – sequence: 4 givenname: Matthew F surname: Krummel fullname: Krummel, Matthew F – sequence: 5 givenname: Margaret surname: Neighbors fullname: Neighbors, Margaret – sequence: 6 givenname: Suzanne B surname: Hartley fullname: Hartley, Suzanne B – sequence: 7 givenname: Anne surname: O'Garra fullname: O'Garra, Anne – sequence: 8 givenname: Michael D surname: Cahalan fullname: Cahalan, Michael D – sequence: 9 givenname: Jason G surname: Cyster fullname: Cyster, Jason G
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15857154$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	Interactions between B and T cells are essential for most antibody responses, but the dynamics of these interactions are poorly understood. By two-photon... Interactions between B and T cells are essential for most antibody responses, but the dynamics of these interactions are poorly understood. By two-photon...
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SubjectTerms	B-Lymphocytes - immunology Cell Communication - immunology Chemotaxis, Leukocyte - immunology Humans Immune system Immunology Lymph nodes Lymphocytes Mus (Mouse) Ovalbumin - immunology Proteins Receptors, CCR7 Receptors, Chemokine - immunology T cell receptors T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer - immunology
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Title	Antigen-Engaged B Cells Undergo Chemotaxis toward the T Zone and Form Motile Conjugates with Helper T Cells
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