The dynamic role of genetics on cortical patterning during childhood and adolescence

Longitudinal imaging and quantitative genetic studies have both provided important insights into the nature of human brain development. In the present study we combine these modalities to obtain dynamic anatomical maps of the genetic contributions to cortical thickness through childhood and adolesce...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 111; no. 18; p. 6774
Main Authors: Schmitt, J Eric, Neale, Michael C, Fassassi, Bilqis, Perez, Javier, Lenroot, Rhoshel K, Wells, Elizabeth M, Giedd, Jay N
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 06.05.2014
Subjects:
Adolescent
Body Patterning - genetics
Cerebral Cortex - growth & development
Child
Female
Frontal Lobe - growth & development
Genetic Variation
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Neuroimaging
Organ Size - genetics
Parietal Lobe - growth & development
Prospective Studies
Siblings
Temporal Lobe - growth & development
Twins, Dizygotic - genetics
Twins, Monozygotic - genetics
Young Adult
neurodevelopment
twin research
ISSN:1091-6490, 1091-6490
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Longitudinal imaging and quantitative genetic studies have both provided important insights into the nature of human brain development. In the present study we combine these modalities to obtain dynamic anatomical maps of the genetic contributions to cortical thickness through childhood and adolescence. A total of 1,748 anatomic MRI scans from 792 healthy twins and siblings were studied with up to eight time points per subject. Using genetically informative latent growth curve modeling of 81,924 measures of cortical thickness, changes in the genetic contributions to cortical development could be visualized across the age range at high resolution. There was highly statistically significant (P < 0.0001) genetic variance throughout the majority of the cerebral cortex, with the regions of highest heritability including the most evolutionarily novel regions of the brain. Dynamic modeling of changes in heritability over time demonstrated that the heritability of cortical thickness increases gradually throughout late childhood and adolescence, with sequential emergence of three large regions of high heritability in the temporal poles, the inferior parietal lobes, and the superior and dorsolateral frontal cortices.
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ISSN:1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1311630111