Molecular screening of tsetse flies and cattle reveal different Trypanosoma species including T. grayi and T. theileri in northern Cameroon

Background African trypanosomes are mainly transmitted through the bite of tsetse flies ( Glossina spp.). The present study investigated the occurrence of pathogenic trypanosomes in tsetse flies and cattle in tsetse fly-infested areas of Northern Cameroon. Results Trypanosomes were identified using...

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Veröffentlicht in:Parasites & vectors Jg. 10; H. 1; S. 631
Hauptverfasser: Ngomtcho, Sen Claudine Henriette, Weber, Judith Sophie, Ngo Bum, Elisabeth, Gbem, Thaddeus Terlumun, Kelm, Sørge, Achukwi, Mbunkah Daniel
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: London BioMed Central 29.12.2017
BioMed Central Ltd
BMC
Schlagworte:
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
blood
Bodonidae
Cameroon
Cameroon - epidemiology
Cattle
Cattle Diseases - epidemiology
Cattle Diseases - parasitology
digestive system
Diseases
DNA
DNA, Protozoan - chemistry
DNA, Protozoan - genetics
DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - chemistry
DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - genetics
Entomology
epidemiological studies
Glossina
Health aspects
hematocrit
Identification and classification
Infectious Diseases
insect infestations
internal transcribed spacers
ITS1
Mass Screening
Molecular Epidemiology
Parasite Load
Parasitology
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prevalence
proboscis
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Tropical Medicine
Trypanosoma
Trypanosoma - classification
Trypanosoma - genetics
Trypanosoma - isolation & purification
Trypanosoma grayi
Trypanosoma theileri
trypanosomiasis
Trypanosomiasis - epidemiology
Trypanosomiasis - parasitology
Trypanosomiasis - veterinary
Tsetse Flies - parasitology
Tsetse fly
Tsetse-flies
Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Virology
Cameroon
Bodonidae
ITS1
Northern Cameroon
Cattle
Tsetse fly
Trypanosomosis
Trypanosoma theileri
Trypanosoma grayi
ISSN:1756-3305, 1756-3305
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Zusammenfassung:Background African trypanosomes are mainly transmitted through the bite of tsetse flies ( Glossina spp.). The present study investigated the occurrence of pathogenic trypanosomes in tsetse flies and cattle in tsetse fly-infested areas of Northern Cameroon. Results Trypanosomes were identified using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region, both by size estimation and sequencing of PCR products. Apparent density indices recorded in Gamba and Dodeo were 3.1 and 3.6 tsetse flies per trap and day, respectively. Trypanosoma prevalence infection rate for the tsetse fly gut (40%) and proboscis (19%) were recorded. Among the flies where trypanosomes were detected in the gut, 41.7% were positive for T. congolense and 14.6% for T. brucei ssp., whereas in the proboscis 36% harboured T. congolense and 62% contained T. vivax . T. grayi was highly prevalent in tsetse fly gut (58%). The most common mixed infections were the combination of T. congolense and T. grayi . Trypanosome prevalence rate in cattle blood was 6%. Among these, T. vivax represented 26%, T. congolense 35%, T. brucei ssp. 17% and T. theileri 17% of the infections. Surprisingly, in one case T. grayi was found in cattle. The mean packed cell volume (PCV) of cattle positive for trypanosomes was significantly lower (24.1 ± 5.6%; P  < 0.05) than that of cattle in which trypanosomes were not detected (27.1 ± 4.9%). Interestingly, the occurrence of T. theileri or T. grayi DNA in cattle also correlated with low PCV at pathological levels. Conclusion This molecular epidemiological study of Trypanosoma species in Northern Cameroon revealed active foci of trypanosomes in Dodeo and Gamba. These findings are relevant in assessing the status of trypanosomosis in these regions and will serve as a guide for setting the priorities of the government in the control of the disease.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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ISSN:1756-3305
1756-3305
DOI:10.1186/s13071-017-2540-7