Omega-3 Fatty Acids Reduce Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Human Subjects With Insulin Resistance

Fish oils (FOs) have anti-inflammatory effects and lower serum triglycerides. This study examined adipose and muscle inflammatory markers after treatment of humans with FOs and measured the effects of ω-3 fatty acids on adipocytes and macrophages in vitro. Insulin-resistant, nondiabetic subjects wer...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	Diabetes (New York, N.Y.) Jg. 62; H. 5; S. 1709 - 1717
Hauptverfasser:	Spencer, Michael, Finlin, Brian S., Unal, Resat, Zhu, Beibei, Morris, Andrew J., Shipp, Lindsey R., Lee, Jonah, Walton, R. Grace, Adu, Akosua, Erfani, Rod, Campbell, Marilyn, McGehee, Robert E., Peterson, Charlotte A., Kern, Philip A.
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Alexandria, VA American Diabetes Association 01.05.2013
Schlagworte:	Abdominal Fat - blood supply Abdominal Fat - immunology Abdominal Fat - metabolism Abdominal Fat - pathology Adipocytes Adipose tissue Adipose tissues Angiogenesis Inducing Agents - metabolism Angiogenesis Inducing Agents - therapeutic use Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - metabolism Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - therapeutic use Biological and medical sciences Biopsy Blood vessels Body fat Body Mass Index Capillaries - immunology Capillaries - metabolism Capillaries - pathology Cells, Cultured Chemokine CCL2 - blood Chemokine CCL2 - genetics Chemokine CCL2 - metabolism Chronic illnesses Coculture Techniques Collagen Cytokines Diabetes Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance Dietary Supplements Docosahexaenoic Acids Down-Regulation Drug Combinations Eicosapentaenoic Acid Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) Endocrinopathies Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance Fatty acids Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - metabolism Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - therapeutic use Female Fish oils Fish Oils - therapeutic use Genetic aspects Glucose Human subjects Humans Inflammation Insulin Resistance Macrophages Macrophages - immunology Macrophages - metabolism Macrophages - pathology Male Medical sciences Metabolic syndrome Metabolic Syndrome - complications Metabolic Syndrome - diet therapy Metabolic Syndrome - immunology Metabolic Syndrome - metabolism Middle Aged Muscles - immunology Muscles - metabolism Muscles - pathology Obesity - complications Omega 3 fatty acids Original Research Physiological aspects Plasma RNA, Messenger - metabolism Stains & staining Triglycerides Tumor necrosis factor-TNF United States Endocrinopathy Human Adipose tissue Diabetes mellitus Polyunsaturated fatty acid Lipids Metabolic diseases n-3 fatty acid Fatty acids Target tissue resistance Unsaturated fatty acid Insulin resistance Macrophage
ISSN:	0012-1797, 1939-327X, 1939-327X
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
Tags:	Tag hinzufügen Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!

Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Fish oils (FOs) have anti-inflammatory effects and lower serum triglycerides. This study examined adipose and muscle inflammatory markers after treatment of humans with FOs and measured the effects of ω-3 fatty acids on adipocytes and macrophages in vitro. Insulin-resistant, nondiabetic subjects were treated with Omega-3-Acid Ethyl Esters (4 g/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Plasma macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) levels were reduced by FO, but the levels of other cytokines were unchanged. The adipose (but not muscle) of FO-treated subjects demonstrated a decrease in macrophages, a decrease in MCP-1, and an increase in capillaries, and subjects with the most macrophages demonstrated the greatest response to treatment. Adipose and muscle ω-3 fatty acid content increased after treatment; however, there was no change in insulin sensitivity or adiponectin. In vitro, M1-polarized macrophages expressed high levels of MCP-1. The addition of ω-3 fatty acids reduced MCP-1 expression with no effect on TNF-α. In addition, ω-3 fatty acids suppressed the upregulation of adipocyte MCP-1 that occurred when adipocytes were cocultured with macrophages. Thus, FO reduced adipose macrophages, increased capillaries, and reduced MCP-1 expression in insulin-resistant humans and in macrophages and adipocytes in vitro; however, there was no measureable effect on insulin sensitivity.
Bibliographie:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-General Information-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Feature-3 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3
ISSN:	0012-1797 1939-327X 1939-327X
DOI:	10.2337/db12-1042