Oncolytic virotherapy evolved into the fourth generation as tumor immunotherapy

Background Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) is a promising anti-tumor modality that utilizes oncolytic viruses (OVs) to preferentially attack cancers rather than normal tissues. With the understanding particularly in the characteristics of viruses and tumor cells, numerous innovative OVs have been engine...

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Vydáno v:Journal of translational medicine Ročník 21; číslo 1; s. 500 - 36
Hlavní autoři: Wang, Xianwang, Shen, Yihua, Wan, Xingxia, Hu, Xiaoqing, Cai, Wen-Qi, Wu, Zijun, Xin, Qiang, Liu, Xiaoqing, Gui, Jingang, Xin, Hong-Yi, Xin, Hong-Wu
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: London BioMed Central 25.07.2023
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Témata:
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
BiTA
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Care and treatment
Clinical trials
Combination strategies
Complications and side effects
Genes
Herpes viruses
Immune system
Immunocompetence
Immunotherapy
Kinases
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Medicine/Public Health
Oncolysis
Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT)
Oncolytic viruses (OVs)
Patient outcomes
Review
T-VEC
Toxicity
Tumor cells
Tumors
China
Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT)
BiTA
Oncolytic viruses (OVs)
T-VEC
Cancer
ISSN:1479-5876, 1479-5876
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Popis
Shrnutí:Background Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) is a promising anti-tumor modality that utilizes oncolytic viruses (OVs) to preferentially attack cancers rather than normal tissues. With the understanding particularly in the characteristics of viruses and tumor cells, numerous innovative OVs have been engineered to conquer cancers, such as Talimogene Laherparepvec (T-VEC) and tasadenoturev (DNX-2401). However, the therapeutic safety and efficacy must be further optimized and balanced to ensure the superior safe and efficient OVT in clinics, and reasonable combination therapy strategies are also important challenges worthy to be explored. Main body Here we provided a critical review of the development history and status of OVT, emphasizing the mechanisms of enhancing both safety and efficacy. We propose that oncolytic virotherapy has evolved into the fourth generation as tumor immunotherapy. Particularly, to arouse T cells by designing OVs expressing bi-specific T cell activator (BiTA) is a promising strategy of killing two birds with one stone. Amazing combination of therapeutic strategies of OVs and immune cells confers immense potential for managing cancers. Moreover, the attractive preclinical OVT addressed recently, and the OVT in clinical trials were systematically reviewed. Conclusion OVs, which are advancing into clinical trials, are being envisioned as the frontier clinical anti-tumor agents coming soon.
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ISSN:1479-5876
1479-5876
DOI:10.1186/s12967-023-04360-8