Opportunities and challenges of macrogenetic studies

The rapidly emerging field of macrogenetics focuses on analysing publicly accessible genetic datasets from thousands of species to explore large-scale patterns and predictors of intraspecific genetic variation. Facilitated by advances in evolutionary biology, technology, data infrastructure, statist...

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Published in:Nature reviews. Genetics Vol. 22; no. 12; pp. 791 - 807
Main Authors: Leigh, Deborah M., van Rees, Charles B., Millette, Katie L., Breed, Martin F., Schmidt, Chloé, Bertola, Laura D., Hand, Brian K., Hunter, Margaret E., Jensen, Evelyn L., Kershaw, Francine, Liggins, Libby, Luikart, Gordon, Manel, Stéphanie, Mergeay, Joachim, Miller, Joshua M., Segelbacher, Gernot, Hoban, Sean, Paz-Vinas, Ivan
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.12.2021
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:
631/158
631/208/182
631/208/212/2303
631/208/457/649
Agriculture
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Animals
Biodiversity
Biological diversity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
Conservation
Databases, Genetic
Gene Function
Genetic analysis
Genetic diversity
Genetic Techniques
Genetic Variation
Genetics
Genetics, Population
Human Genetics
Humans
Intraspecific genetic variation
Life history
Life Sciences
Phylogeography
Review Article
Workflow
Switzerland
ISSN:1471-0056, 1471-0064, 1471-0064
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Abstract The rapidly emerging field of macrogenetics focuses on analysing publicly accessible genetic datasets from thousands of species to explore large-scale patterns and predictors of intraspecific genetic variation. Facilitated by advances in evolutionary biology, technology, data infrastructure, statistics and open science, macrogenetics addresses core evolutionary hypotheses (such as disentangling environmental and life-history effects on genetic variation) with a global focus. Yet, there are important, often overlooked, limitations to this approach and best practices need to be considered and adopted if macrogenetics is to continue its exciting trajectory and reach its full potential in fields such as biodiversity monitoring and conservation. Here, we review the history of this rapidly growing field, highlight knowledge gaps and future directions, and provide guidelines for further research. Leigh and colleagues describe the potential of the emerging field of macrogenetics to improve conservation and biodiversity management. Challenges preventing the field from reaching its full promise are highlighted and possible solutions and a framework for future macrogenetic studies are proposed.
AbstractList The rapidly emerging field of macrogenetics focuses on analysing publicly accessible genetic datasets from thousands of species to explore large-scale patterns and predictors of intraspecific genetic variation. Facilitated by advances in evolutionary biology, technology, data infrastructure, statistics and open science, macrogenetics addresses core evolutionary hypotheses (such as disentangling environmental and life-history effects on genetic variation) with a global focus. Yet, there are important, often overlooked, limitations to this approach and best practices need to be considered and adopted if macrogenetics is to continue its exciting trajectory and reach its full potential in fields such as biodiversity monitoring and conservation. Here, we review the history of this rapidly growing field, highlight knowledge gaps and future directions, and provide guidelines for further research. Leigh and colleagues describe the potential of the emerging field of macrogenetics to improve conservation and biodiversity management. Challenges preventing the field from reaching its full promise are highlighted and possible solutions and a framework for future macrogenetic studies are proposed.
The rapidly emerging field of macrogenetics focuses on analysing publicly accessible genetic datasets from thousands of species to explore large-scale patterns and predictors of intraspecific genetic variation. Facilitated by advances in evolutionary biology, technology, data infrastructure, statistics and open science, macrogenetics addresses core evolutionary hypotheses (such as disentangling environmental and life-history effects on genetic variation) with a global focus. Yet, there are important, often overlooked, limitations to this approach and best practices need to be considered and adopted if macrogenetics is to continue its exciting trajectory and reach its full potential in fields such as biodiversity monitoring and conservation. Here, we review the history of this rapidly growing field, highlight knowledge gaps and future directions, and provide guidelines for further research.
The rapidly emerging field of macrogenetics focuses on analysing publicly accessible genetic datasets from thousands of species to explore large-scale patterns and predictors of intraspecific genetic variation. Facilitated by advances in evolutionary biology, technology, data infrastructure, statistics and open science, macrogenetics addresses core evolutionary hypotheses (such as disentangling environmental and life-history effects on genetic variation) with a global focus. Yet, there are important, often overlooked, limitations to this approach and best practices need to be considered and adopted if macrogenetics is to continue its exciting trajectory and reach its full potential in fields such as biodiversity monitoring and conservation. Here, we review the history of this rapidly growing field, highlight knowledge gaps and future directions, and provide guidelines for further research.The rapidly emerging field of macrogenetics focuses on analysing publicly accessible genetic datasets from thousands of species to explore large-scale patterns and predictors of intraspecific genetic variation. Facilitated by advances in evolutionary biology, technology, data infrastructure, statistics and open science, macrogenetics addresses core evolutionary hypotheses (such as disentangling environmental and life-history effects on genetic variation) with a global focus. Yet, there are important, often overlooked, limitations to this approach and best practices need to be considered and adopted if macrogenetics is to continue its exciting trajectory and reach its full potential in fields such as biodiversity monitoring and conservation. Here, we review the history of this rapidly growing field, highlight knowledge gaps and future directions, and provide guidelines for further research.
The rapidly emerging field of macrogenetics focuses on analysing publicly accessible genetic datasets from thousands of species to explore large-scale patterns and predictors of intraspecific genetic variation. Facilitated by advances in evolutionary biology, technology, data infrastructure, statistics and open science, macrogenetics addresses core evolutionary hypotheses (such as disentangling environmental and life-history effects on genetic variation) with a global focus. Yet, there are important, often overlooked, limitations to this approach and best practices need to be considered and adopted if macrogenetics is to continue its exciting trajectory and reach its full potential in fields such as biodiversity monitoring and conservation. Here, we review the history of this rapidly growing field, highlight knowledge gaps and future directions, and provide guidelines for further research. Leigh and colleagues describe the potential of the emerging field of macrogenetics to improve conservation and biodiversity management. Challenges preventing the field from reaching its full promise are highlighted and possible solutions and a framework for future macrogenetic studies are proposed.
Audience Academic
Author Hoban, Sean
Kershaw, Francine
Mergeay, Joachim
Segelbacher, Gernot
Hand, Brian K.
Paz-Vinas, Ivan
Manel, Stéphanie
Millette, Katie L.
Jensen, Evelyn L.
Luikart, Gordon
Schmidt, Chloé
Hunter, Margaret E.
Liggins, Libby
Miller, Joshua M.
Breed, Martin F.
Bertola, Laura D.
Leigh, Deborah M.
van Rees, Charles B.
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  orcidid: 0000-0003-3902-2568
  surname: Leigh
  fullname: Leigh, Deborah M.
  organization: Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Charles B.
  surname: van Rees
  fullname: van Rees, Charles B.
  organization: Flathead Lake Biological Station, Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Species populations and Freshwater BONs
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  givenname: Katie L.
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9638-1538
  surname: Millette
  fullname: Millette, Katie L.
  organization: Department of Biology, McGill University, Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (SCBD), Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
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  surname: Breed
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  organization: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
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  givenname: Laura D.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3445-0355
  surname: Bertola
  fullname: Bertola, Laura D.
  organization: City College of New York, Department of Biology, Section for Computational and RNA Biology, University of Copenhagen, Conservation Genetics Specialist Group, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
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  givenname: Margaret E.
  surname: Hunter
  fullname: Hunter, Margaret E.
  organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Conservation Genetics Specialist Group, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Evelyn L.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-1819-3117
  surname: Jensen
  fullname: Jensen, Evelyn L.
  organization: School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
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  givenname: Francine
  orcidid: 0000-0003-2146-8094
  surname: Kershaw
  fullname: Kershaw, Francine
  organization: Natural Resources Defense Council, Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
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  orcidid: 0000-0003-1143-2346
  surname: Liggins
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  organization: School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University Auckland, Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
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  givenname: Gordon
  surname: Luikart
  fullname: Luikart, Gordon
  organization: Flathead Lake Biological Station, Conservation Genetics Specialist Group, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
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  givenname: Stéphanie
  orcidid: 0000-0001-8902-6052
  surname: Manel
  fullname: Manel, Stéphanie
  organization: CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
– sequence: 14
  givenname: Joachim
  orcidid: 0000-0002-6504-0551
  surname: Mergeay
  fullname: Mergeay, Joachim
  organization: Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KULeuven, Conservation Genetics Specialist Group, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
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  givenname: Joshua M.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-4019-7675
  surname: Miller
  fullname: Miller, Joshua M.
  organization: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
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  givenname: Gernot
  orcidid: 0000-0002-8024-7008
  surname: Segelbacher
  fullname: Segelbacher, Gernot
  organization: Chair of Wildlife Ecology and Management, University Freiburg, Conservation Genetics Specialist Group, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
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  givenname: Sean
  orcidid: 0000-0002-0348-8449
  surname: Hoban
  fullname: Hoban, Sean
  email: shoban@mortonarb.org
  organization: Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, Conservation Genetics Specialist Group, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
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  givenname: Ivan
  orcidid: 0000-0002-0043-9289
  surname: Paz-Vinas
  fullname: Paz-Vinas, Ivan
  email: ivanpaz23@gmail.com
  organization: Laboratoire Evolution & Diversité Biologique, Université de Toulouse, Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, UMR5174 EDB, Toulouse, Group on Earth Observation Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON) Genetic Composition Working Group
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34408318$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet The rapidly emerging field of macrogenetics focuses on analysing publicly accessible genetic datasets from thousands of species to explore large-scale patterns...
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SubjectTerms 631/158
631/208/182
631/208/212/2303
631/208/457/649
Agriculture
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Animals
Biodiversity
Biological diversity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
Conservation
Databases, Genetic
Gene Function
Genetic analysis
Genetic diversity
Genetic Techniques
Genetic Variation
Genetics
Genetics, Population
Human Genetics
Humans
Intraspecific genetic variation
Life history
Life Sciences
Phylogeography
Review Article
Workflow
Title Opportunities and challenges of macrogenetic studies
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41576-021-00394-0
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Volume 22
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