Relationship of cash transfers with risk of overweight and obesity in children and adults: a systematic review

Background Cash transfer (CT) programs are an important type of social protection meant to reduce poverty. Whether CT programs increase the risk of overweight and obesity is unclear. The objective was to characterize the relationship between CT programs and the risk of overweight and obesity in chil...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC public health Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 1190 - 16
Main Authors: Semba, Richard D., Manley, James, Rosman, Lori, Rahman, Nihaal, Bloem, Martin W.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 15.06.2022
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects:
Adolescents
Adults
Biostatistics
Body mass index
Body size
Body weight
Cash transactions
Cash transfer
Children
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Economic aspects
Environmental Health
Epidemiology
Global health
GNP
Gross National Product
Health aspects
Heterogeneity
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Methods
Obesity
Obesity in children
Overweight
Pandemics
Patient outcomes
Physiological aspects
Poverty
Public Health
Quality assessment
Quality control
Risk
Risk factors
Risk reduction
Social protection
Systematic review
Vaccine
United States
United States > US
Social protection
Obesity
Systematic review
Cash transfer
Overweight
ISSN:1471-2458, 1471-2458
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Background Cash transfer (CT) programs are an important type of social protection meant to reduce poverty. Whether CT programs increase the risk of overweight and obesity is unclear. The objective was to characterize the relationship between CT programs and the risk of overweight and obesity in children and adults. Methods We searched articles in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, EconLit, Global Health, CINAHL Plus, IBSS, Health & Medical Collection, Scopus, Web of Science, and WHO Global Index Medicus in August 2021. Studies involving CT as the intervention, a control group, body mass index, overweight, or obesity as an outcome, and sample size > 300 were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. Results Of 2355 articles identified, 20 met the inclusion criteria. Because of marked heterogeneity in methodology, a narrative synthesis was used to present results. Thirteen of the studies reported that CT programs were associated with a significantly lower risk of overweight and obesity, eight studies showed no significant association, and one study reported a significantly increased risk of obesity in women. Quality assessment showed that most studies lacked sample size and power calculations, validation of exposure, descriptions of non-respondents or those lost to follow-up, and blinded outcome assessment. Conclusions Overall, the studies were suggestive that CT programs either have no impact or decrease the risk of overweight and/or obesity in children, adolescents, and adults, but no firm conclusions can be drawn from the available evidence. This review demonstrated limitations in the available studies of CT programs and overweight/obesity.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
ObjectType-Evidence Based Healthcare-3
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ISSN:1471-2458
1471-2458
DOI:10.1186/s12889-022-13533-x