Measuring Adaptive Control in Conflict Tasks

The past two decades have witnessed an explosion of interest in the cognitive and neural mechanisms of adaptive control processes that operate in selective attention tasks. This has spawned not only a large empirical literature and several theories but also the recurring identification of potential...

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Veröffentlicht in:Trends in cognitive sciences Jg. 23; H. 9; S. 769 - 783
Hauptverfasser: Braem, Senne, Bugg, Julie M., Schmidt, James R., Crump, Matthew J.C., Weissman, Daniel H., Notebaert, Wim, Egner, Tobias
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2019
Elsevier
Schlagworte:
Adaptation, Psychological
cognitive control
Cognitive science
conflict adaptation
Conflict, Psychological
executive function
Executive Function - physiology
Humans
interference effects
cognitive control
interference effects
conflict adaptation
executive function
ISSN:1364-6613, 1879-307X, 1879-307X
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:The past two decades have witnessed an explosion of interest in the cognitive and neural mechanisms of adaptive control processes that operate in selective attention tasks. This has spawned not only a large empirical literature and several theories but also the recurring identification of potential confounds and corresponding adjustments in task design to create confound-minimized metrics of adaptive control. The resulting complexity of this literature can be difficult to navigate for new researchers entering the field, leading to suboptimal study designs. To remediate this problem, we present here a consensus view among opposing theorists that specifies how researchers can measure four hallmark indices of adaptive control (the congruency sequence effect, and list-wide, context-specific, and item-specific proportion congruency effects) while minimizing easy-to-overlook confounds. Early putative indices of adaptive control in conflict tasks have spurred not only a great deal of research but also numerous discussions on what these indices actually measure.Recent studies have shown that adaptive control effects can be observed after controlling for low-level confounds. However, many canonical findings in the literature, for instance concerning the functional neuroanatomy of adaptive control, are based on older, confounded designs, and may thus be subject to revision.This research field is now starting to experience a second wave of studies on adaptive control in conflict tasks employing improved designs that allow us to (re)address old and new questions.
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content type line 23
ISSN:1364-6613
1879-307X
1879-307X
DOI:10.1016/j.tics.2019.07.002