A genomic and historical synthesis of plague in 18th century Eurasia

Plague continued to afflict Europe for more than five centuries after the Black Death. Yet, by the 17th century, the dynamics of plague had changed, leading to its slow decline in Western Europe over the subsequent 200 y, a period for which only one genome was previously available. Using a multidisc...

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Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 117; no. 45; p. 28328
Main Authors: Guellil, Meriam, Kersten, Oliver, Namouchi, Amine, Luciani, Stefania, Marota, Isolina, Arcini, Caroline A, Iregren, Elisabeth, Lindemann, Robert A, Warfvinge, Gunnar, Bakanidze, Lela, Bitadze, Lia, Rubini, Mauro, Zaio, Paola, Zaio, Monica, Neri, Damiano, Stenseth, N C, Bramanti, Barbara
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 10.11.2020
Subjects:
DNA, Bacterial
Europe
Genome, Bacterial
History, 18th Century
History, Medieval
Humans
Pandemics - history
Phylogeny
Plague - genetics
Plague - history
Plague - microbiology
Russia
Yersinia pestis - classification
Yersinia pestis - genetics
Europe
Russia
pathogen
ancient DNA
aDNA
plague
Yersinia pestis
ISSN:1091-6490, 1091-6490
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Plague continued to afflict Europe for more than five centuries after the Black Death. Yet, by the 17th century, the dynamics of plague had changed, leading to its slow decline in Western Europe over the subsequent 200 y, a period for which only one genome was previously available. Using a multidisciplinary approach, combining genomic and historical data, we assembled genomes from nine individuals covering four Eurasian sites and placed them into an historical context within the established phylogeny. CHE1 (Chechnya, Russia, 18th century) is now the latest Second Plague Pandemic genome and the first non-European sample in the post-Black Death lineage. Its placement in the phylogeny and our synthesis point toward the existence of an extra-European reservoir feeding plague into Western Europe in multiple waves. By considering socioeconomic, ecological, and climatic factors we highlight the importance of a noneurocentric approach for the discussion on Second Plague Pandemic dynamics in Europe.
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ISSN:1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2009677117