Fully automated segmentation of callus by micro-CT compared to biomechanics

Background A high percentage of closed femur fractures have slight comminution. Using micro-CT (μCT), multiple fragment segmentation is much more difficult than segmentation of unfractured or osteotomied bone. Manual or semi-automated segmentation has been performed to date. However, such segmentati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 108 - 9
Main Authors: Bissinger, Oliver, Götz, Carolin, Wolff, Klaus-Dietrich, Hapfelmeier, Alexander, Prodinger, Peter Michael, Tischer, Thomas
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 11.07.2017
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects:
Algorithms
Animals
Automation
Biomechanics
Biopsy
Bone healing
Bone Marrow - diagnostic imaging
Bony Callus - diagnostic imaging
Callus
Care and treatment
Cartilage
CAT scans
Comminuted fracture
Comparative analysis
Computed tomography
Cortical bone
Cortical Bone - diagnostic imaging
Diagnosis
Drug development
Femur
Femur - diagnostic imaging
Fracture healing
Fractures
Fractures (Injuries)
Fractures, Comminuted - diagnostic imaging
Fully automated segmentation
Laboratory animals
Male
Mechanical properties
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Methods
Micro-CT (μCT)
Multi-fragmented fracture
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Orthopedics
Rats
Research Article
Rodents
Segmentation
Surgical Orthopedics
Technology application
Tomography
X-Ray Microtomography - methods
Germany
Biomechanics
Micro-CT (μCT)
Fully automated segmentation
Multi-fragmented fracture
Comminuted fracture
Trabecular bone
Fracture healing
3D structural parameters
ISSN:1749-799X, 1749-799X
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Summary:Background A high percentage of closed femur fractures have slight comminution. Using micro-CT (μCT), multiple fragment segmentation is much more difficult than segmentation of unfractured or osteotomied bone. Manual or semi-automated segmentation has been performed to date. However, such segmentation is extremely laborious, time-consuming and error-prone. Our aim was to therefore apply a fully automated segmentation algorithm to determine μCT parameters and examine their association with biomechanics. Methods The femura of 64 rats taken after randomised inhibitory or neutral medication, in terms of the effect on fracture healing, and controls were closed fractured after a Kirschner wire was inserted. After 21 days, μCT and biomechanical parameters were determined by a fully automated method and correlated (Pearson’s correlation). Results The fully automated segmentation algorithm automatically detected bone and simultaneously separated cortical bone from callus without requiring ROI selection for each single bony structure. We found an association of structural callus parameters obtained by μCT to the biomechanical properties. However, results were only explicable by additionally considering the callus location. Conclusions A large number of slightly comminuted fractures in combination with therapies that influence the callus qualitatively and/or quantitatively considerably affects the association between μCT and biomechanics. In the future, contrast-enhanced μCT imaging of the callus cartilage might provide more information to improve the non-destructive and non-invasive prediction of callus mechanical properties. As studies evaluating such important drugs increase, fully automated segmentation appears to be clinically important.
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ISSN:1749-799X
1749-799X
DOI:10.1186/s13018-017-0609-9