Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein, successful aging, and mortality: the PolSenior study

Background In the elderly, chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) is a risk factor for the development of aging-related diseases and frailty. Using data from several thousand Eastern Europeans aged 65 years and older, we investigated whether the serum levels of two proinflammatory factors, in...

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Published in:Immunity & ageing Vol. 13; no. 1; p. 21
Main Authors: Puzianowska-Kuźnicka, Monika, Owczarz, Magdalena, Wieczorowska-Tobis, Katarzyna, Nadrowski, Pawel, Chudek, Jerzy, Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw, Skalska, Anna, Jonas, Marta, Franek, Edward, Mossakowska, Malgorzata
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 03.06.2016
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Aging
Antibodies
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
C-reactive protein
Care and treatment
Clinical Nutrition
Complications and side effects
Dosage and administration
Geriatrics/Gerontology
Health aspects
Immunology
Inflammation
Interleukin-6
Public Health
Risk factors
Type 2 diabetes
The Katz Activity of Daily Living (ADL)
Low-grade inflammation
Successful aging
Interleukin 6 (IL-6)
The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Mortality
Aging
Inflammaging
High sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP)
ISSN:1742-4933, 1742-4933
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Summary:Background In the elderly, chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) is a risk factor for the development of aging-related diseases and frailty. Using data from several thousand Eastern Europeans aged 65 years and older, we investigated whether the serum levels of two proinflammatory factors, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), were associated with physical and cognitive performance, and could predict mortality in successfully aging elderly. Results IL-6 and CRP levels systematically increased in an age-dependent manner in the entire study group (IL-6: n  = 3496 individuals, p  < 0.001 and CRP: n  = 3632, p  = 0.003), and in the subgroup of successfully aging individuals who had never been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, type 2 diabetes, or cancer, and had a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥24 and a Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score ≥5 (IL-6: n  = 1258, p  < 0.001 and CRP: n  = 1312, p  < 0.001). In the subgroup of individuals suffering from aging-related diseases/disability, only IL-6 increased with age (IL-6: n  = 2238, p < 0.001 and CRP: n  = 2320, p  = 0.249). IL-6 and CRP levels were lower in successfully aging individuals than in the remaining study participants (both p  < 0.001). Higher IL-6 and CRP levels were associated with poorer physical performance (lower ADL score) and poorer cognitive performance (lower MMSE score) (both p  < 0.001). This association remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, lipids, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and smoking status. Longer survival was associated with lower concentrations of IL-6 and CRP not only in individuals with aging-related diseases/disability (HR = 1.063 per each pg/mL, 95 % CI: 1.052-1.074, p  < 0.001 and HR = 1.020 per each mg/L, 95 % CI: 1.015-1.025, p  < 0.001, respectively) but also in the successfully aging subgroup (HR = 1.163 per each pg/mL, 95 % CI: 1.128-1.199, p  < 0.001 and HR = 1.074 per each mg/L, 95 % CI: 1.047-1.100, p  < 0.001, respectively). These associations remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, lipids and smoking status. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed similar results (all p  < 0.001). Conclusions Both IL-6 and CRP levels were good predictors of physical and cognitive performance and the risk of mortality in both the entire elderly population and in successfully aging individuals.
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ISSN:1742-4933
1742-4933
DOI:10.1186/s12979-016-0076-x