Surfactant–soil interactions during surfactant-amended remediation of contaminated soils by hydrophobic organic compounds: A review

Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules that reduce aqueous surface tension and increase the solubility of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs). Surfactant-amended remediation of HOC-contaminated soils and aquifers has received significant attention as an effective treatment strategy – similar in conc...

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Vydáno v:	Journal of environmental management Ročník 90; číslo 1; s. 95 - 100
Hlavní autoři:	Laha, Shonali, Tansel, Berrin, Ussawarujikulchai, Achara
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 2009 Elsevier Academic Press Ltd
Témata:	Animal, plant and microbial ecology Applied ecology Aquifer contamination Aquifers Biodegradation, Environmental Biological and medical sciences Bioremediation Chemicals Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife Detergents Environmental Pollution - prevention & control Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General aspects Grease Hydrophobic organic compounds literature reviews Micelles Models, Theoretical Moisture content nonionic surfactants Organic chemicals Organic Chemicals - isolation & purification Organic compounds polluted soils Pollution Remediation Soaps Soil - analysis soil amendments Soil contamination Soil mechanics Soil Pollutants - isolation & purification soil pollution Soil sciences Soil water soil water movement Soils Soil–water distribution coefficient Solubility Sorption Surface Tension Surface-Active Agents Surfactants Washing Water Water distribution Aquifer contamination Soil–water distribution coefficient Remediation Surfactants Hydrophobic organic compounds Soil-water distribution coefficient Hydrophobic compound Water distribution Review Surfactant Environmental management Contamination Aquifers Soils Soil interaction Organic compounds
ISSN:	0301-4797, 1095-8630
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules that reduce aqueous surface tension and increase the solubility of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs). Surfactant-amended remediation of HOC-contaminated soils and aquifers has received significant attention as an effective treatment strategy – similar in concept to using soaps and detergents as washing agents to remove grease from soiled fabrics. The proposed mechanisms involved in surfactant-amended remediation include: lowering of interfacial tension, surfactant solubilization of HOCs, and the phase transfer of HOC from soil-sorbed to pseudo-aqueous phase. However, as with any proposed chemical countermeasures, there is a concern regarding the fate of the added surfactant. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding nonionic micelle-forming surfactant sorption onto soil, and serves as an introduction to research on that topic. Surfactant sorption onto soil appears to increase with increasing surfactant concentration until the onset of micellization. Sorbed-phase surfactant may account for the majority of added surfactant in surfactant-amended remediation applications, and this may result in increased HOC partitioning onto soil until HOC solubilization by micellar phase surfactant successfully competes with increased HOC sorption on surfactant-modified soil. This review provides discussion of equilibrium partitioning theory to account for the distribution of HOCs between soil, aqueous phase, sorbed surfactant, and micellar surfactant phases, as well as recently developed models for surfactant sorption onto soil. HOC partitioning is characterized by apparent soil–water distribution coefficients in the presence of surfactant.
Bibliografie:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.08.006 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Literature Review-2 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3
ISSN:	0301-4797 1095-8630
DOI:	10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.08.006